Ukuphuma kwesiseko kwi-LLC: umyalelo kunye nemiphumo

Ubomi benkampani (LLC) ngexesha lobukho balo bunokuguquka kakhulu: ukwamukelwa komsunguli omtsha e-LLC, utshintsho lomlawuli, ukuphuma komsunguli we-LLC. Yaye ngamnye wabo akakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokubhalisa ngokufanelekileyo ngokomthetho (uMthetho we-Federal No. 14 "Kwiinkampani ..."). Eli nqaku linikezelwe kwinkqubo yokushiya omnye wabasunguli.

Umsebenzi wokuqala omele uzalisekiswe ukuseka ukuphuma komsunguli kwi-LLC ngokomthetho. Okokuqala, umsekeli kufuneka abhale ingxelo efanelekileyo, kwisihloko esiza kuba "ekushiyeleni uluntu ..." Esi sicelo siya kuqwalaselwa kwintlanganiso yabasunguli, apho isigqibo senziwe ukuba sikhoxise kwinkampani. Yintoni ekufuneka ibe yirekhodi kwimimiselo yendibano. Intlanganiso iqhutyelwe ukuthotyelwa kweemimiselo, kuba umsekeli unelungelo lokurhoxisa kuluntu kwaye ngaphandle kwemvume yabanye abathathi-nxaxheba (ngaphandle kokuba kubekwe ngenye indlela kumqulu). Ukuphuma oku kucatshangelwa ukuba kuqhutywe kwithuba lokudluliselwa kwesabelo (inxalenye yemali-mvume egunyazisiweyo) yomntu othabatha inxaxheba kwinkampani. Umsunguli unelungelo lokuthengisa isigxina kubantu abangahambelani nenkampani. Ukuthengiswa, udinga isipho esibhaliweyo sokuthengisa isabelo sakho kwabanye abasunguli.

Umsebenzi wesibini kukugcina imiphumo yokushiya i-LLC. Ngokomthetho, umsekeli otsalayo kufuneka athathe inkokhelo efanelekileyo yesabelo sakhe. Unokuyithengisa kubasunguli abahlala kwi-LLC (banelungelo lokulungiselela ukuthenga le sabelo) okanye kwintwini yesithathu ukuba abaqashi bangayamkeli isibonelelo sokuthengisa kwaye abazange bahlawule isabelo somsunguli ohlala phantsi ngexesha (1 inyanga).

Emva kokuhoxiswa komntu othatha inxaxheba kwaye ngaphambi kokuba enze utshintsho kwiRejista yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yeeNkampani zomthetho, isabelo sayo esidluliselwe kwinkampani kufuneka sithunyelwe ngandlela-thile phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba (isigqibo sokusasaza isabelo sinokuthathwa ngokukhawuleza, kwintlanganiso efanayo xa umcimbi wesigqibo somsunguli "sigqibo"). . Umyalelo wokusasazwa kwesabelo okanye ukwahlukana kwawo sele ubhalisiwe kwi- charter ye-LLC, kuyimfuneko ukukhokelwa yiyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-charter iqulethe itekisi elandelayo: "isabelo somsunguli osemhlala phantsi sisasazwa phakathi kwabanye abasunguli be-LLC ngokungqinelana nezabelo zabo kwi-capital capital." Ngaloo myalelo wokutshintshwa kwesabelo, omnye umntu, xa enhlanganweni ye-LLC unika inxaxheba enkulu kwi-capital capital, kumntu omncinci. Okanye: "Isabelo sisasazwa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwabasunguli be-LLC". Ukusasazwa kwesabelo kufuneka kubhalwe phantsi, kwenziwe ngesimo sesigqibo somhlangano jikelele wabasunguli.

Ekugqibeleni, ukuphuma komsunguli we-LLC kugqityiweyo, okokuqala, ngokufaka utshintsho kwoluhlu lwabaxhasi (kufuneka lube njalo kwi-LLC nganye) kwaye, okwesibini, ngokufaka amaxwebhu kunye nebhunga lokubhalisa (ekamelweni) ukwenza utshintsho kwirejista yamashishini angomthetho. Kuya kuthatha i-document ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshwa kwesigxina somthatha inxaxheba kwiinkampani okanye umntu wesithathu phantsi kwesivumelwano sokuthengisa, umzekelo. Phakathi kwamaxwebhu angeniswe kwigumbi lokubhalisa kufuneka afumane irhafu yokuhlawula isabelo (okanye enye incwadi eqinisekisa ukuhlawulwa), kwakunye nesicelo (ifom yeNombolo P14001 - "ekwenzeni utshintsho"), isitatimende somsunguli sokuxothwa kwi-LLC. Imizuzu yentlanganiso kufuneka inikezelwe . Ngomthetho, amalungu e-LLC kufuneka afake isicelo kumlawuli wokubhalisa ngaphakathi kwinyanga ukususela ngomhla wokutshintshwa okwenzekayo. Ukuba zonke izigqibo zithathwa kwiintlanganiso eziqhelekileyo, ngoko ke igumbi lokubhalisa aliyi kufaka isicelo kabini (okokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma komsunguli kwi-LLC, okwesibini ukuhanjiswa okanye ukuthengiswa kwesigxina).

Umsebenzi womsunguli ohlala phantsi unzima, ukuba ngoku ubeke isikhundla somlawuli we-LLC. Ungayiyeka njani kumlawuli we-LLC? Lungiselela umhlangano jikelele wabasunguli ingxelo yokuxothwa kunye nesicelo sokuhoxiswa kwinkampani. Emva koko kwintlanganiso abathathi-nxaxheba kufuneka bathethe isigqibo sokuba ngubani oyakuba ngumlawuli omtsha. Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, kufuneka ufumane indawo, mhlawumbi ukuxothwa kunokulibaziseka. Abasunguli bangakulungela ukushiya njengomlawuli, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo baqulunqe ukuphuma njengomsunguli we-LLC.

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuba umsekeli otsalayo uza kuvela kunye nesigqibo kuphela xa inkampani ihambela inkunkuma, okanye ivele ibhengezwe (mhlawumbi kukho ezinye iimeko, umzekelo, ubudlelwane buye buba bubi okanye kubonakale umnqweno wokuvula ibhizinisi lakho, kodwa izizathu ezinjalo zincinci). Kule meko, umbuzo uvela: yintoni uxanduva lomsunguli we-LLC kwiingxowa ze-LLC? Ngaphantsi komthetho, abasunguli abathwali uxanduva lwamatyala e-LLC okanye ngepropati yabo, okanye ngokwemali. Zonke iitalato zibuyiselwa ngendleko yemali-mvume egunyazisiweyo kwaye kuphela kwimida yawo (isixa-mali somgaqo- mvume ogunyazisiweyo sichazwe kwi-charter). Okukuphela kwendlela enokuyenza yokuhlawula amatyala ngexabiso lomsunguli ube negalelo kwixabiso lemali eligunyazisiweyo.