Ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kuthethathethwano - inkcazelo, iskimu kunye nempawu. Ukusebenzisa kwakhona inkqubo yokunikezelwa kwamanzi

Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nokunciphisa, amanzi asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini njengomzimba osebenzayo. Ukucutshungulwa emva kokusetyenziswa (ukucoca, ukupholisa) kwenza ukuba kubekho ukunikezelwa kwamanzi ngamanzi kunye nezicelo ezininzi. Ngenxa yoko, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuncitshiswa kakhulu, kwakunye nokungcola kokusingqongileyo kuthintela. Ngenxa yoko, izimo ezikhululekile zokuphila kwabantu ziyadalwa.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

Inkqubo yokubonelelwa kwamanzi kufuneka ihlale izaliswe kwaye ihlaziywe ngezikhathi ezithile. Amanzi kakhulu asetyenziswa njengendlela epholile okanye epholile. Kwimeko nganye, i-pre-cooled or heat. Ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona, amanzi ahlambuluke, njengoko engcolileyo nemveliso yeenkqubo zobuchwepheshe.

Isabelo sokuhambisa amanzi kunyuke kuzo zonke iicandelo lezoshishino. Iqhekeza isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokutshintshisa ukushisa. Amanzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo aphantsi kokufudumala kunye nokupholisa kwiitanki zamathala okanye iindonga zokupholisa. Inxalenye yayo ilahlekile kwinkqubo yokukhuphuka.

Ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kwamashishini ekuvelisa iikhemikhali sele sele i-98%. Kulapho kusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe, apho kufuneka ukuba ihlambulule amanzi ukusuka kwintengiso yoshishino.

Ukuhlukana kwe-slurry emanzini kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ikhuphe izinto ezixabisekileyo.

Umlinganiselo wokuhamba kwamanzi

Kuyo yonke indawo amanzi asetyenziselwa iindlela zokupholisa kunye noomatshini kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-1 m ³ yeoli kuyadingeka kwi-2.5 m ³ . Ukuhlaziywa, ukufunwa kwamanzi imihla ngemihla kukukhulu kwaye ukukhutshwa kwenkqubo ye-sewer ayivunyelwanga apha. Ngoko ke, idlula kwiindawo zonyango kwaye isetyenziswa kwakhona. Ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kwi-CHP isebenza ngokuhambelana nomgaqo wesityalo se-steam, ukunikezelwa kwee-turbines kunye nokunciphisa kwiindonga zokupholisa, emva koko amanzi abuyiselwa ukusebenza.

Ubomi obuninzi balabu buchwepheshe abukho umdla. Kodwa abanikazi bamashishini amancinci bahlala bejongana nesidingo sokusebenzisa amanzi aphinda ahlambuluke emotweni, emanzini okubhukuda, kwindawo yokuhlamba impahla, njl njl.

Amasu okusetyenziswa kwamanzi

Amacandelo amabini okusebenza okujikeleza amanzi asetyenziswa:

• Ngaphandle kwonyango emva kokusetyenziswa;
• Ngendlela ephakathi.

Kwimeko yokuqala, amanzi angasetyenziselwa emva kwenkqubo yobuchwepheshe, xa igcina izikhombiseli ezamkelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, izitya zingasuswa ngamanzi okusela, emva koko zingasetyenziselwa ezinye iimfuno zomzi kwifama ephantsi, kwaye i-surplus ikhutshwe kwinkqubo yokuthuthwa kwamanzi. Kuba ishishini lezoshishino elinjalo iskimu kaninzi ayimkelekanga.

Inkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi kweshishini

Umjikelo wamanzi kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile:

• Ukungabikho kwefuthe elibi kumgangatho wemveliso;
• Akufanele ifake idipozithi zetyulo kwinkqubo;
• Impembelelo ephantsi kwizinto zokusebenza;
• Ukungabikho kwenkqubo ye-biological fouling.

Inkqubo yezoshishino yokubonelela kwamanzi ibuye iqokelele kwaye igcine ubuninzi bezinto ezingcolileyo kwiindawo zokufumana amanzi ezincithakalo kunye namathangi okupholisa.

Iitanki zihlambulweyo ngezikhathi ngezihlandlo ngesandla okanye ngokuchitshiyelwa kwenkqubo yokususa i-sludge ngaphandle kokuyeka inkqubo.

Unyango lwamanzi

Xa liphuma emanzini avuselelwe, i-calcium salts iqokelela, edibaniswayo kwimibhobho kunye nokutshintsha. Baphinde baphume ngenxa yokufudumala kwamanzi, xa i-solubility yegesi iyancipha kwaye i-hydrocarbonate ions iyanqumla, yenza i-precipitate.

Iibhontshi ze-Carbonate zithintelwa yi-acidification, i-phosphatization, i-recarbonisation kunye nokunciphisa amanzi. Ukuqulunqwa kwindlela eqhelekileyo, ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunye nokwenza lula ukuphunyezwa. Kubalulekile ukugcina umlinganiselo we-asidi ukukhusela ukubola kwezinto zokusebenza.

Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kwamanzi kwenziwa ngonyango necarbon dioxide. Ngenxa yale njongo, i-flue gases ezisuswe kwi-ash, zixutywe ngamanzi zisebenzisa i-ejectors okanye i-tubbling tubes ebekwe phantsi kwetanki.

Ukufoswa kwamanzi kwamanzi kudinga ukusetyenziswa okuncinci kwezixhobo zokuhlala (1.5-2.5 g / m ³ ), kodwa iindleko ziphezulu. I-Advantage yendlela yokungabikho kwepropati enobudlova isisombululo.

Ukuba kukho i-oksijini eyaneleyo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi kwimithombo yokubuyisela amanzi, izixhobo zinokugqithiswa. Oku kubangela ukungonakaliswa kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kunye nokwanda kwindlela yokumelana kwamanzi emipayipi. Ukulwa nokuphanga, ukuchithwa kwamanzi kunye nokongeza kwe-sulfate yethusi.

Ziziphi iinkqubo ezingcono?

Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokuhambisa amanzi kudibene neendleko ezibalulekileyo ekudalweni nasekusebenzeni kwazo. Kwiimveliso zeekhemikhali, iimveliso zemveliso zonakalisa amanzi avuselelwe. Inkqubo ephakathi yendawo ithatha imiqulu emikhulu, apho ukutshintshwa okupheleleyo okanye ukuhlanjululwa kwezinga eliphezulu ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka.

Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo ezijikelezayo kufezekiswa ngokudibanisa abathengi abasemgangathweni abaneendlela ezifanayo zokusebenza ngamaqela anokupholisa amanzi aphantsi. Iinkqubo zendawo zinika indlela yokusebenza yomthengi ngamnye.

Inkqubo yokubonelelwa kwamanzi yokuhlamba imoto

Ukuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi okuhlamba imoto kunye namanye amashishini amancinci aphuhliswa kunye nokupheliswa okupheleleyo kwimeko yokukhutshwa kwamanzi emzimbeni. Amanzi ayitshintshi umgangatho walo kwaye angasetyenziselwa kwinkqubo evaliweyo.

Izibonelelo zonyango lwamaziko :

• Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ukuya kwi-90% ngokuzaliswa kwamanzi okulahlekelwa;
• Akukho kucocekiswa ngamanzi;
• Ubuhlobo bendalo.

Kuzo zonke iinkqubo, ukulungiswa kunye nokucoca kusetyenziswa njengeendlela zokucoca eziphambili. Ukufakelwa kwe-AROS yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokufana nayo kubanzi.

Izitya eziqukethe ioli, ukungcola kunye nepetroli zingene kwisalathisi kwaye zidlule kwiindawo ezicoca ezi-3 kunye nokukhuphuka kwezantsi.

I-sump ayifakiwe kwi-unit unit. Inkqubo yokubuyisela amanzi iqulethe njengesiseko. Yenzelwe kwaye yenziwe ngokuhambelana neengcebiso zomenzi wezitishi zokucoca. Ukuhlamba ngesithuba esinye, umthamo womcacisi ngowama-6 m ³ .

Amanzi achithekileyo anikezelwa ngumpompo ongenamandla ukusuka kwinqanaba lokugqibela ukuya kwisihlunu sesityambo kunye negravel yokucoceka kokungcola okuseleyo uze ufike kwi-tank yokugcina. Iyunithi inokuxhotyiswa ngekholisi yefayili kunye ne-sorbent ukususa iimveliso zeoli.

Le nkqubo inika isondlo ngokuzenzekelayo isisombululo se-hydrogen peroxide okanye ezinye iindlela zokutyunjelwa ngepompo ye-dosing, eqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwamagciwane kunye neephunga ezingathandekiyo. Kule nto, izibani zomoya ezifakwe ngasentla kwisitya sesitya zingasetyenziselwa.

Ukusuka kwi-tank yokugcina, amanzi asetyenziswa kwakhona ngokudlula kwi-cartridge ye-filter. Umgangatho wamanzi kwitanki ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo.

Isikhululo sokubonelelwa kwamanzi ngokutsha "Scat" sisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Itholakala kumgangatho okanye kwiphepha elingaphantsi komhlaba. Uhlobo oluthile lwezakhiwo lubonelela ngokucoca ngokucokisekileyo kwamanzi okanye ngaphandle kwalo. Amaziko agcina i-mechanics, ioli, iimveliso zeoli kunye nokungcola okungcolileyo.

Izixhobo zendawo yokunyanga

Ukunikezelwa kwamanzi okubaluleka kwamashishini amashishini amancinci kubandakanya izixhobo ezilandelayo.

1. Umpompo ongenamandla unqunyanyisiwe kwikhebula kwicandelo lokugqibela lomhlali. Ukuxhuma kunye nombhobho owenziwe nguncedo lwe-adapters kunye ne-hose flexible. Ulawulo lwenziwa kwilabhinethi yokulawula. Inzwa yokuhamba yokutya omile inikwe.
2. Imodyuli yokunyusa uxinzelelo iquka ipom, i-manometer kunye ne- tank tank. Ikuvumela ukuba ugcine uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwamanzi olunikezelwa kwisitya.
3. Ikholomu yokucoca ifanki itylindrical nge-filler, umoya womoya kunye ne-backwash switch.
4. Amanzi ahlambulukileyo aqokelelwa kwitanki yokugcina. Ukusuka ngasentla, inerantise reagent ifakwe kuyo. Umgangatho wamanzi ujongwa ngabavoti.
5. Ukulawula ngokuzenzekelayo kwamapompu kwenziwa yinkqubo yekhompyutha. Kwiphaneli yangaphambili yekhabhinethi yokulawula izibonakaliso kunye noshicilelo, apho umqhubi ubeka iindlela zokusebenza zeenkqubo kwaye uhlolisise ukusebenza kwayo.

Iinkqubo zokubonelela kwamanzi zoshishino ngokucoca ukuhamba kwendlela kunye nokuthuthwa kaloliwe kunokunika unyango olunzulu lwe-effluents kunye nokukhutshwa kwazo kwiinkqubo zokuthuthwa kwamanzi.

Isiphelo

Ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kuyadalwa ngenjongo yokukhuselwa kwendalo, uqoqosho, kunye nakwiimeko zongxamiseko, obangelwa kukudala ibhizinisi elincinci. Inzuzo ibonelelwe ngababalo beeprojekthi. Kwixesha elizayo, liza kwandiswa kuphela ngokunyuka kwindleko yamanzi kunye nokukhula kweentlawulo zokungcoliseka kommandla.