Ukulawula: izigaba zokulawula. Ulawulo lomgangatho. Amanqanaba okulawulwa kwemveliso

Igama elithi "ukulawula" lithathwa ngabaninzi ukuba bangathandwa ukususela ebuntwaneni. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo wonk 'ubani uthanda ukuba umgangatho weempahla umntu azidlayo uhlolisiswa rhoqo. Nangona abo bavelisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, abayithandi ukuhlola okunjalo. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni indlela yokulawula. Izigaba zokulawula zibalulekile, ngoko ziqwalasele kule nqaku.

Ukuba umntu uthi ikheke elilandelayo, elidliwa ngabantu abanjalo, alizange lilawulwe kumgangatho, ngoko kunokubangela isiphepho somsindo. Ngokubanzi, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ixesha elifana nokulawula. Amanqanaba okulawula ahlukeneyo kummandla ngamnye. Kodwa kulo meko, nokuba kunjalo, eli gama linxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nomthetho okanye kumalungiselelo asemgangathweni kunye nokuthotyelwa kuyo okuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ubungqina. Ngoko, makhe siqale ukuhlenga iintlobo kunye namanqanaba okulawula, kwakunye neyona nto impawu.

Nguwuphi ulawulo?

Ngokubanzi, kukho iinkcazelo ezininzi zeli gama. Khetha okulula kunazo zonke ezikhoyo. Lo ngowomnye wemisebenzi yolawulo lweenkqubo. Yonke into ehlabathini lethu yinkqubo ethile. Kwaye ngalinye iqela kulo lihambelana nomsebenzi othile. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, inkqubo nganye inemisebenzi yayo. Kuyafana nolawulo lwenkqubo.

Iyintoni inkqubo yolawulo

Inkqubo yolawulo yiseti yezixhobo ezenzelwe ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nento ehlolwayo. Kwakhona, izixhobo azikho nje ngokuqokelela ulwazi, kodwa nokubeka esweni ukuziphatha kwesinye isici senkqubo. Kutheni iilwimi ezinjalo zingekho kwikhonkrete zisetyenzisiwe? Nantsi yonke into ilula. Inyaniso kukuba into ayinokuba ngumntu kuphela, kodwa kwakhona, umzekelo, ikhomputha. Yaye ukuyilawula, kufuneka kwakhona inkqubo ethile.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba inkqubo yolawulo kufuneka icaciswe ngokucacileyo. Kwesinye iimeko, kuya kuba yindlela ekhethiweyo yokwenza ulawulo, oko kukuthi, ngokomgaqo wokubambisana, okuchasene ngokupheleleyo. Nangona imisebenzi iya kuba yinto efanayo. Kodwa le nto akuyiyo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda into enye. Yiyo enye yezixhobo, kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo yolawulo ulawulo. Esi sisiseko apho naluphina ulawulo olusekelwe khona, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luphi uhlobo lwayo.

Iintlobo zolawulo

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba akukho nxalenye apho ukulawula akudingeki. Enyanisweni, kwanokuxhatshazwa kwindlela ethile elawulwayo, nje ngezinga eliphantsi leemfuno okanye ukungabi naso. Kodwa ukuba kukho inkqubo kunye nemigaqo yayo ecacileyo kunye nemigangatho, ngoko ulawulo kulo mqathango luyimfuneko. Akunakwenzeka ukufezekisa nayiphi na injongo, ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ngqo inkqubo ehambelana nokuphumelela kwayo. Masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngqo ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zolawulo olukhoyo ngezoshishino.

U lawulo lo bugcisa

Olu hlobo lolawulo alukwazi ukuba lwenze nantoni na iteknoloji. Isiseko saso sihluke ngokupheleleyo. Sasiqonda ukuba kukho imithetho ethile-imimiselo efunekayo idibeneyo ukwenzela ukuba iimpahla ziqwalaselwe njengomgangatho. Kwakhona akukho mfuneko yokulawulwa kobugcisa kunokuqhutyelwa iimpahla. Naliphi na inkonzo okanye ishishini elifuna ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo kufuna ukulawulwa kobugcisa. Emva kwakho konke, isiseko saso sihlala nje ngokujonga ukuba le mithetho yaqwalaselwa njani.

Ukulawulwa kwamandla

Oku kungabandakanya kokubili ukujonga ulondolozo lwamandla, kunye nokubeka esweni izixhobo zamandla ezisetyenziselwa ukufezekisa injongo ethile. Kwakhona olu hlobo lolawulo lubandakanya ukujonga indlela umbane osetyenziswa ngayo ukufezekisa umsebenzi.

Ulawulo lwezendalo

Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo lungabandakanya ukujonga ukuba umsebenzi othile uhlangabezana neemfuno zokulondoloza imo, kwaye oku kungabandakanya ukuqapha i-ergonomics yeengcamango ezithile, ukuyila, iingcamango, njalonjalo.

Ukulawulwa kobutyebi

Ngokomgaqo, akukho nto yokuthetha apha. Ulawulo lwe-satin lujoliswe ukuhlolisisa ukuba umsebenzi othile uhambelana nemimiselo engcolileyo, ukuba ikhona. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa kwiifeksi okanye kumaziko karhulumente avelisa ukutya.

Ulawulo lwemali

Kule fom kubalulekile ukuhlala ngokubanzi. Ulawulo lwezemali luyilo lwezenzo eziyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ubungqiqo bokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo. Akunjalo imali. Nasiphi na isakhiwo esinesantya semali singawela kulolu hlobo. Isebe elijongene nolawulo lwezemali libizwa ngokuba yi-accounting. Le yintlobo yendawo. Kule meko, kukho ihlabathi jikelele, elenziwa ngamagunya aphezulu.

Ulawulo lwezemali luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoshishini loshishino. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumntu olawula ngokuthe ngqo umsebenzi wokulawula umsebenzi wakhe kwaye unoxanduva loko konke umntu owenziwe nguye owenze. Njengomntu wezoqoqosho, akakwazi ukwenza kuphela umntu osomashishini. Ziyakwazi nokuba yintlangano yorhwebo okanye engekho inzuzo. Lo mntu uqhuba imisebenzi yezoqoqosho. Ukuba oku kuyinyani, ngoko-mthetho kuthiwa ngumbutho wezoqoqosho.

Ulawulo lwezemali luyinkqubo yezenzo zabantu abaye bafakwa ekuphunyezweni kwalo hlobo lophicotho olujoliswe kwipropati yezoqoqosho. Njengoko sibona, ububanzi bokulawulwa kwemali bukhulu kakhulu. Ziziphi iinjongo zokulawulwa kwemali?

1. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuthotyelwa kwemithetho yomthetho. Ukongezelela, kukho ukubeka esweni ukuthotyelwa kwezigqibo ezithathwe liziko elilawulayo. Kwakhona igama elitsha. Uthini umahluko phakathi komphathi kunye nombutho wezoqoqosho? Umntu wokuqala unamalungelo amaninzi. Ngokomzekelo, unethuba lokususa iqumrhu loqoqosho.
2. Ukulawula ukuthotyelwa kwemisebenzi yoshishino loqoqosho kunye neminqweno yomphathi.

Ezi njongo ziyiqhinga. Kwaye ngokubanzi iinkcukacha malunga neenjongo zobuchule kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde ngokuqhubekayo. Ngoku siza kuqonda ukuba yeyiphi inyathelo ethathwa kwiimeko ezifana nokulawula.

Amanqanaba okulawula

Esi sihloko sinokulula. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba inkqubo ewanikwayo yenziwe ngokwaneleyo ngenxa yesizathu sokuba ukuqonda okupheleleyo ngakumbi, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimpawu ezithile zolawulo oluthile. Ngokomzekelo, izigaba zokulawulwa kwemveliso zineenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo. Ayikwazi ukufakwa kwesi sikhokelo. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo, makhe sibone ukuba izigaba zenkqubo yokulawula ziqhelekileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zeziphi iintlobo.

1. Eli nqanaba kukuchonga imimiselo efuneka ilandelwe. Njengomthetho, idatha ayithathiwe emoyeni. Njengemigangatho, amaxwebhu asele asele asetyenziswa kwilizwe. Kule meko, kufuneka bahlangabezane nenani elikhulu leemfuno. Ngoko ke, kufuneka zenzululwazi, zikwazi ukuguqula phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezahlukeneyo njalo njalo.
2. Kule nyathelo, kufuneka sichaze imodeli yolawulo lwenkqubo. Kulo mzekelo, iiparitha ezifana nokuhamba kwemithombo yamanzi, indawo apho iziphumo zenziwe zimele ziboniswe ngokwaneleyo. Ulwazi luyinto ebalulekileyo.
3. Isigaba sesithathu kukufumana ulwazi malunga noko sele kwenziwe. Emva kokuba ifunyenwe, kuyimfuneko ukuyihlolisisa ukuthotyelwa komzekelo kunye nemimiselo eyasungulwa kwimimiselo yangaphambili.
4. Ewe, ekugqibeleni, eli nqanaba kukujonga ukuba iimpazamo ezifunyenweyo zilungiswa ngokukhawuleza. Oku, ngokomzekelo, kubandakanya ukuguqula iinjongo okanye iindlela. Ngamanye amaxesha umzekelo unokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingalunganga. Kule meko, kwaye kufuneka ithathelwe endaweni.

Siye saqonda ukuba izigaba zenkqubo yolawulo - isihloko asiyinkimbinkimbi, ukuba sithetha ngepropati yayo yonke. Kodwa konke kuxhomekeka kukuphi uhlobo lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezenziwayo. Umzekelo, thabatha ulawulo lomgangatho. Kulapho kufuneka utshintshe ukugxilwa kolawulo. Izigaba zokulawula umgangatho zifana ngokufanayo, kodwa zikhona imiba ethile. Ewe, umntu oqhelekileyo akadingeki ukuba aziqonde. Qonda ukuba yeyiphi imigangatho yokubeka iliso, ngokucacileyo, kuphela abaqeqeshi abafuna. Inqaku elifanayo liyimfundo jikelele.

Ulawulo lomgangatho

Le ngenye yeentlobo zokulawula, ezinikwe indawo ehlukileyo. Injongo yalo ithetha ngokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kweemveliso ezivelisiweyo kwizinto eziliqela. Iyokuqala imilinganiselo karhulumente. Zisetyenziswe njengendawo yokubhekisa kwinqanaba lokuqala. Iyesibini yimiqathango yobugcisa, ekufuneka igcinwe ngokucacileyo.

Kwaye okwesithathu kukuhambelana neemveliso ezigqityiweyo kulindeleke kubathengi. Le nto ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba loo mveliso ihlangabezana nemigangatho, oku akuthethi ukuba kuya kuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nabanye abantu. Kwaye oku kuza kubonelelwa ngemveliso njengento engapheliyo, nangona iqhutyelwa ngokwemiqathango yonke. Kwaye ukujonga ukuphunyezwa kwazo, kufuneka usebenzise ukulawula. Kodwa siza kuthetha malunga nale nkcukacha ngokubanzi kwicandelo kwiinjongo zolawulo.

Imisebenzi yokubeka esweni

Masiqwalasele ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi ephambili ebeka phambi komntu oza kulawula. Amanqanaba okulawula akanayo ukubaluleka kokuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi.

1. Ukuvavanya kokusebenza kwezigqibo ezithathwe.
2. Uhlalutyo lobungqina bezi zigqibo.
3. Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo elawulwayo.
4. Ukuphuhliswa kweendlela zokuphelisa ukuphambuka okukhoyo.
5. Ukuthintela izigqibo ezingalunganga kunye nokuphulwa kobugcisa.

Njengoko ubona, le mi sebenzi yinkxaso enhle kakhulu, apho kukho ukulawula ngendlela eqhelekileyo kuthi. Ngoko, siqaphele ukuba yiyiphi imigaqo, yiziphi iintlobo nezigaba zokulawula ezikhoyo. Siphinde saqulunqa izihloko ezinzima kakhulu. Umzekelo, amanyathelo, imisebenzi yokulawula-konke oku kuyimfuneko nje kuphela ukukhawuleza, kodwa ukuqonda.