Ukudala iimodeli ze-3D: Inkcazo yokujonga, inkcazo

Iinkqubo ze-3D modeling ziza kunceda ukuguqula imizobo enomdla kwii-prototypes ezimnandi kunye nemizekelo, enokuthi isetyenziswe ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Olu hlobo lwesofthiwe luyakuvumela ukuba usebenze negraphic 3D, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uqeqesho luni. Ubuninzi be-editors ye-3D bulula (njenge-Netfabb okanye i-Google SketchUp), ukuze ngexesha elincinci nokuba ngumqali likwazi ukuziqonda. Imodeli kwisithuba esithathu-ntathu isetyenziswe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo: i-architecture kunye noyilo, i-cinema kunye nemidlalo yekhomputha, nokunye okuninzi.

Ukudala iimodeli ze-3D kunye nokukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yile nkqubo yinkqubo enzima kakhulu, abaninzi abantu bazama yonke into ekukhangela ukusebenza kunye nefuthe elifanelekileyo. Makhe sizame ukukhetha uluhlu lwezicelo ezidumileyo nezifanelekileyo, eziye zahlula ngokusebenza ngokucebile, ukulula okulula nokufikeleleka.

3D Wings

Iifayile ze-3D, ezidalwe kwiiWings, zibhekwa phambili kwaye zichanekile. Iprojekti inezixhobo ezininzi zezixhobo onokudala ngazo nayiphi na imodeli ye-3D. Isixhobo esibonakalayo sisilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba siqwalaselwe "ngokwawo", kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbalwa ezisebenzisiweyo ngenkokeli, unokukhawuleza ukulawula ukusebenza ngokuphambili kwenkqubo.

Isicelo sinezixhobo ezakhelwe ukubonisa izinto kwi-AutoUV (imodeli yokulinganisa) kunye nokuthumela ngokulula iimodeli ezenziwe kwiifom ze-3D ezithandwayo. Into kuphela abasebenzisi abakhathazayo ngayo ukungabikho kwemifanekiso: Iifayile ze-3D zithathwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zifanelekile, kodwa ukujonga konke oku "kuphila", kufuneka uphenduke kwezinye iinkqubo. Kodwa le mpazamo ingabonwa, kunoko, kumdlalo wezemidlalo, kunye nabacebisi kunye nabayili beli phuzu alibalulekanga.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux", OS X.

SketchUp

Iplatifti ye-Google SketchUp ithathwa njengeprogram yezengcali malunga nantoni na iimodeli ezintathu. Iprogram inamathempyutheni amaninzi kunye nezixhobo ezivelisayo ezisetyenziswayo, eziququzelele kakhulu umsebenzi wabaQala, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zengcali. Isicelo sisekela zonke iintlobo zamaplagi kunye nama-macros angaphezulu, ngoko ke ukulungiswa kakuhle kweengxaki akufanele kube.

Izikhundla zononophelo isiqwenga njengesixhobo, apho ukuveliswa kweemodeli ze-3D kulungiselelwe abacwangcisi, abayilimbi, ifenitshala yendawo, leyo yimihlaba "Ukwakha indlu". Kodwa ukuba ufuna kwaye ufake ii-plug-ins ezongezelelweyo, ukusebenza komsebenzi kunokwandiswa kakhulu. Emva kokufakwa kwee-add-ons, kunokwenzeka ukudala imodeli ye-3D kwiifoto, iifoto zokubamba, ukubeka i-geometry eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nokunye okunye - konke kuxhomekeke kuphela kumsebenzi kunye nengcinga yakho.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iqonga lifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi abakhuluma isiRashiya ngenxa yendawo epheleleyo kunye nenani elikhulu lamaxwebhu okuqeqesha kuzo zombini ifomathi kunye neefomathi zevidiyo. Kwaye iimfuno zalo zenkqubo zinyanisekileyo, ngokungafani neempawu ezihloniphekileyo.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: Windows, OS X.

"Compass-3D"

Le nqonga iyona mfuneko kakhulu phakathi kweengcambu ezincinci zengcali: yindlela yokuveliswa kweengxenye zezimoto, uhlobo lweteknoloji, ukubala kwezinto ezintathu zokubumba ukuchonga okufanelekileyo, njl. Ngokubanzi, ukudala imodeli ye-3D kwi-Compass kukukwakhiwa kwemizekelo enxulumene neentlobo, Yaye iphela ngeyunithi yendibano epheleleyo.

Into ephambili yesikhulumi kukuba xa wenziwe i-3D prototype ikuvumela ukuba udale ngokukhawuleza imodeli yeemveliso eziqhelekileyo. Iprogram isekela "izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi" ze-3D-SAT, IGES, XT, VRML, STEP, kwaye iyakwazi ukudlulisela iipakethe zejometri kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-CNC izixhobo, ezenza zingenakwenzeka kwimimandla yokuvelisa.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux".

Studio Daz

Inkqubo ihanjiswa ngaphandle kwentlawulo, kodwa oku akukuthinteli ekubeni yiplani efanelekileyo ngokwaneleyo yokudala imodeli ye-3D. Inkqubo ayikude kulula ukuyisebenzisa esi sixhobo, ngoko-ke abatsha baya kufuneka bafunde izifundo ze-3D kweli qonga ixesha elide kwaye baqhubeke. Kodwa amandla kunye nexesha elichithwe ukufumana ulwazi olunzulu lufanelekile. Umngeniso uya kuvuzwa ngokusebenza ngokubanzi, amathuba amaninzi kunye neeprojekthi ezilungelelanisiweyo.

Ukudala imodeli ye-3D kwi-studio ye-Daz yenza ukuba kube lula ngokwenene ngenxa yomsebenzi wokunyuka kwe-GPU kunye nokunikezelwa okuphambili. Iqonga lixhasa ukudala izigcawu ezibucayi ze-3D kwaye zixhobile ngobuchule obukhulu bokubonisa imizekelo yezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: Windows, OS X.

AutoCAD

Kwezinye iimpawu ezizodwa, eli qonga aliyidingi, kuba liyazi ukuba phantse wonke umntu - ukusuka kwiinjineli ze-novice ukuya kwizakhiwo zobugcisa ezisebenza kwiinkampani ezinkulu.

Ukuba unezakhono ezinezakhono kunye nepakethe encinane yolwazi kwi-arsenal yakho, ukudala imodeli ye-3D kwi-AutoCAD iya kukhawuleza kwaye ilula. Uze uphinde uzalise ulwazi lweli qonga lingaba lixesha elide, ngenxa yokungahambisani nokusebenza. Inzuzo yazo zonke iintlobo zoncwadi, izifundo kunye namanqaku kwi-AutoCAD qeqesho.

Ulwalathiso oluphambili lwesigcawu luyilo lwemidwebo, kodwa iinguqulelo ze-software zakutsha kunye neefowuni-zongezelelweyo ezongezelelweyo zinandisa kakhulu ubuchule beprogram. Ngoko ke, ukudalwa kwemifanekiso ye-3D yemidlalo, i-inside ne-design chips ayiqhelekanga kwi-AutoCAD. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezihloniphekileyo zikholelwa ukuba iqonga lijoliswe kuphela kwi-modeling yezobugcisa kunye nokuphumelela ngokufanelekileyo kule ndawo. Kodwa ukuba ngokukhawuleza ufuna "ukuphucula" ifenitshala kwindlu yakho okanye udlala umdlalo wegeyimu - I-AutoCAD iya kuba luncedo olukhulu kwimigudu yakho.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux", OS X.

Netfabb

Izikhundla zononophelo yesikhulumi njenge-visualizer yeziboniso ze-3D ezibandakanyekayo, kodwa inguqu ephuculweyo ikuvumela ukuba uhlalutye, uhlele kwaye wenze nayiphi na inguqu kwimifanekiso ye-3D eyakhelwe. Enye yezinto eziphambili zeprogram yenkxaso yokushicilela kwe-3D. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba isofthiwe iyahlula ngokulula kwayo ngokukhethekileyo kunye nobuchule bayo obubanzi.

Iqonga lilula kakhulu ukufunda, kulula ukufaka nokuxhasa ezininzi zeifom ze-3D ezaziwayo. Kwi-intanethi, ungayifumana i-amateur (kwaye intle kakhulu) indawo, ngoko iingxaki kubaqalayo akufanele zibe. Abasebenzisi banikela impendulo efudumele kwiinkqubo zengqesho, kodwa ke ziqwalasela luhlobo loncedo ekwenzeni iiprojekthi ezinkulu kwiindawo ezihloniphekileyo.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux", OS X.

Vula i-SCAD

Isicwangciso esithakazelisayo nesikhululekile sokwenza imodeli ye-3D Vula i-SCAD ikuvumela ukuba uthathe ngokungqongqo kwi-design yangaphakathi, umklamo we-prom kunye nobugcisa. Nayiphi na imiba yobuciko abanomdla abanomdla kakhulu, ngoko ke, ngokungafani neenkqubo ezifanayo, esi siqonga asikho isixhobo esisebenzayo.

Ngokubanzi, ukudala imodeli ye-3D kwi-SCAD evulekileyo kukuhlanganiswa kweeprojekthi apho ingqalelo yakho iboniswe iinkcukacha ezincinci kunye neenkcukacha zento kwisithuba sesithathu. Abaninzi basebenzisa isiqonga njengethuluzi eliphakathi (elifana neNetfabb), enikela iinkqubo ezinzulu ukwenza iimpompo zokugqiba.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux", OS X.

AutoDesk 123D

Iqonga lixhotyiswe ngokusebenza ngokucebile kwaye linesiseko esikhulu sezixhobo ze-3D kunye ne-CAD-modeling. I-Soft ikuvumela ukudala, ukuyila nokujonga ngeso nasiphi na iiprojekthi ze-3D, ngaphandle, mhlawumbi, eziyi-geometry eziphambili.

Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba iqonga lixhasa ubugcisa bokushicilela be-3D ngokupheleleyo. Ukuxhaswa kwesicelo esisemthethweni kuya kunika umsebenzisi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinomdla kunye no-3D ongazisebenzisayo iimvavanyo zakho kunye nezinye iinjongo. Ukusetyenziswa kweMultitasking kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kuvumela iqonga ukuba lizimeleyo kwaye lizimeleyo nakwiinkqubo zenkampani yesithathu, oko kukuthi, yonke inkqubo yokumisela ingenziwa kwi-AutoDesk 123D.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: Windows, OS X, iOS

Meshmixer

Iqonga libhekwa njengethuluzi elifanelekileyo lokuhlanganisa nokujonga iiprojekthi eziliqela okanye iimodeli ze-3D. Ngokwamazwi ngokuchofoza amabini unokunqumla inxalenye esuka kumzekelo omnye uze uyifake kwenye.

Kwakhona, iqonga lixhasa ukubunjwa, oko kukuthi, ukudala imifanekiso eqingqiweyo kunye nemifanekiso, nokwenza nokucoca ubuso kunoma yiphina inqanaba lolwakhiwo, njengokungathi imodeli yayibunjwa ebudakeni. Yaye yonke inkqubo inokufakwa "ngexesha langempela" kwaye ilungiswe yinkqubela phambili.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: Windows, OS X.

3D Crafter

Elinye iqonga elikhululekile elikuvumela ukuba usebenze ngemifanekiso emithathu-ntathu ngexesha langempela. Into ebalulekileyo, apho inkqubo eyathandwa ngabaqalayo kunye neengcali, ngumsebenzi "wokudonsa nokuhlahlela" enembile.

Umsebenzi ukuvumela ukuba wakhe imizekelo eninzi okanye iiprojekthi ezisekelwe kwiifom ezilula kunye nemifanekiso. Le nkqubo iphinde isekele ukuyila, imodeli kunye nokunyatheliswa kwe-3D. Abasebenzisi abaninzi bacinga ukuba iqonga libe yinto efanelekileyo yokudala izinto ezilula neziqhelekileyo kwizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Indawo yase-Amateur izakukunceda abaqalayo ukuba bafumane ukhululekile, kwaye ukusebenza okulula kuya kukuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokukhawuleza ekuhambeni komsebenzi.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows".

LeoCAD

Le yiplani ekhethekileyo yokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo ze-LEGO model. I-Soft ingaba yindlela efanelekileyo kwixabiso elibi kwaye kunzima ukuyiqonda inkqubo yeLDD (i-Lego Digital Designer).

Ubuncedo bobunxibelelwano olulula, lunokusebenza kwimodi yefowuni kwaye luxhasa amaqhosha abalulekileyo. Yaye yinkxaso yezinto eziphathekayo ezizahlula imveliso ngokubhekiselele kwimvelaphi yezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo. Ukuba ufuna, unokufumana inkxaso yesiXhosa kunye nenkcazelo eyongezelelweyo kunye nevidiyo ukwenzela ukuba ungeniswe ngokubanzi kwiplatifomu.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo zokusebenza: "Windows", "Linux", OS X.