Ukubuyisela u-RZD isitimela. Yintoni uloliwe?

Ukuthuthwa komoya ngexesha lethu kukufumana ukuthandwa ngokunyuka kuphela xa kushukunyiswa abagibeli, kodwa nangenxa yokuthutha iimpahla ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, umzila wesitimela awulahleki ukubaluleka kwawo ngenxa yeendleko ezincinci. Apha, njengothutho lendlela, kukho imeko yexinzelelo kunye nemiphumo eyahlukileyo. Kwaye kuza iyunithi efana nololiwe. Ngaloo nto, funda ngezantsi.

Ziziphi izitimela zokubuyisela?

Iyunithi yothutho, ebizwa ngokuba yiloliwe yokubuyisela, iyilwa ekhethekileyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukupheliseni iziphumo zengxaki zengxakeko ezenzeke kwiitrato. Oku kungenjalo kwimeko yokwehliswa kwesitokisi esivela kwimizila okanye ukudibanisa kweenqwelo.

Ukongezelela, iqela loqeqesho lokuvuselela, ngaphakathi kwamandla alo obugcisa, lunokunika uncedo lokuqala kwiintlekele zengozi okanye ngenxa yentlekele ethile yendalo.

Indima ebalulekileyo

Umsebenzi oyintloko ojongene nesigxina sokugcina isitoreji ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutyelwa kokukhawuleza kwesithuthi seendlela. Ngokuzibandakanya kwisitimela sokufumana, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ilahleko ezincinci zexabiso lempahla. Kwaye phambi kwexhoba, ukhuseleko lobomi kunye nempilo yabantu lihlala liqala kuqala.

Izixhobo

Ukufezekisa umsebenzi ofunekayo, isitokethi esipheleleyo sinakho izixhobo zokusebenza nezixhobo eziyimfuneko. Ekubeni isitimini kukho i -crane kunye nezixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuphakanyiswa kwemithwalo emikhulu, kukho iifake zamanzi. Kwakhona kufakwe kwiyunithi yokulungisa ii-tractors ezixhotywe ngamashinki, ii-tractors, i-bulldozers.

Ukuze unikeze umbane kwisitimela, kukho izikhululo zamandla. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwenza umsebenzi kumnyama, ukufakela ukufakela okufakiwe kunikezelwa.

Ukongezelela, kuxhomekeke kwimeko ethile, isitimela sokubuyisela esinokubakho kwiimoto ezahlukileyo, izixhobo zokususa kunye nokusika isinyithi. Isitimela singasetyenziselwa ngempumelelo kunye nokucima umlilo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Isitimela sonke sinemoto emininzi, nganye leyo inenjongo yayo. I-Wagon-pantry inikeza ukugcinwa kwezinto ezifunekayo kunye nezixhobo. Ukongeza, ukubunjwa kubandakanya:

• Imoto ngokutya;
• Iinqwelo zeenkunkuma;
• Indawo yokusebenza.

Uloliwe kufuneka luhlale luhlala kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zobugcisa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwi-call yokuqala. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhawuleza, ukubunjwa kunamaziko oqhagamshelwano.

Umbutho wenkqubo yokubuyisela

Umthamo womsebenzi wonke wokubuyiselwa kunye nexesha lokugqitywa kwawo kuxhomekeke kwinani leeyunithi zezakhiwo zothutho xa kwenzeka unxakeka. Xa isitimela sokubuyisela sisetyenziswe kwimeko, umlinganiselo womonakalo ofunyenweyo uphinde uthathelwe ingqalelo, nokuba i-cargo iphakathi, nokuba ingaba ingozi ibe nempembelelo kwimeko yobuchwephesha yomzila weendlela kunye nezinye izinto.

Le meko ingaba nzima ngakumbi xa kwenzeka ingozi kwi-tunnel okanye kwibhulorho, ingakumbi ukuba kukho umonakalo omkhulu. Ingozi yenzeke ngeengozi ezibandakanya iifom ezithwala izithuthi eziyingozi okanye ezinokutsha. Akukho ncitshitshi engaphantsi kwintsika yesitimela kufuphi nelali.

Imeko nganye yongxamiseko iyimvelo yendalo, kwaye kukho, umzekelo, iimeko ezifanayo ngokuchithwa kwezitimela ezisuka kwiilayili, xa kuthethwa uloliwe. Umsebenzi kule meko yenziwa ngokuhambelana nenkqubo eqhelekileyo eqhutywe kwinkqubo yokubuyisela, okubandakanya amanyathelo athile:

• Ukuqokelelwa kolwazi lwesiganeko;
• Ukuhanjiswa kweyunithi yothutho ukuya kwindawo yengozi;
• Ukuphumelela kwimisebenzi yokubuyisela.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba isigaba ngasinye sithatha ixesha elincinane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kumaxhoba.

Ukuqokelela ulwazi

Umsebenzi oyintloko apho isitimela sokuvuselela i-RZD kufuneka sisombulule ukuqokelela ngokukhawuleza yonke inkcazelo ebalulekileyo malunga neengozi, ngexesha lokubaluleka ukucacisa uhlobo lwengozi (ukudibanisa, ukubola). Kwakhona kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba kukho amaxhoba, ubukho bezinto eziyingozi kunye nokubonakala komlilo. Ikwaqwalasela nomhlaba apho kwenzeka khona ingozi, imeko yomzila wezitroliwe kunye neetreni.

Ulwazi olupheleleyo ngakumbi luya kukuvumela ukuba wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo malunga nenani lokubuyisela iiyunithi eziza kuthunyelwa, ukufumaneka kwezixhobo kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko. Ukungaphumeleli kwincinci encinci kwiinkcukacha zokuqala zokujonga kunye nokugwema ukuphazamiseka. Nobomi bomntu bunzima.

Ukuhanjiswa kwesitimela

Xa ulwazi lufunyenwe malunga nesiganeko, kuthathwa inyathelo elikhawulezayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko, ukulungiswa kwakhona kunye nokuqeqeshwa komlilo kungathunyelwa, okanye iimeko ezininzi zingabandakanywa: iiNkonzo zeNgaphakathi, iiNkonzo zoKhuseleko, kunye nezinye iinkonzo eziyimfuneko. Uxanduva lokwenza isigqibo kwinani leetrayi zokuvuselela ukuthunyelwa ubuxoki kunye nenkosi yesebe. Ukuba umlinganiselo omkhulu womsebenzi ubonisiwe, ngoko umthwalo uya kumphathi wendlela.

Ngokumalunga nexesha lokuhamba kwee-formulations, ngeeyure zokusebenza zingaphaya kwemizuzu engama-30, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha - ukuya kwi-40 imizuzu. Kule meko, ukuhamba kwanoma yiyiphi indawo yokuphucula kunye nomlilo kubaluleke ngaphezu kwazo zonke ezinye iintlobo zezithuthi zothutho.

Umsebenzi wokubuyisela

Emva kokuqokelela zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko, isitimela esinye sokulungiswa nokubuyiswa okanye izitimela ezininzi zithunyelwa kwindawo. Ukulungisa imeko ehambelana nokuhluthwa kwesitimela ukusuka kwimilala, isisombululo esona sikhethwe ngokuphakanyiswa kwayo.

Ukuhamba ngokumalunga nokuqulunqwa kwendawo yonke ihlala ihamba kunye nomonakalo kaloliwe. Kule nkalo, inkqubo yokubuyisela inemfuno ephezulu. Ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi komsebenzi, iqela elikhethekileyo labantu liqokelela izinto eziza kunceda ekukhanyiseni imbangela yengozi.

Inkqubo yokubuyisela yonke into eyenziwa ngokwezicwangciso eziqhelekileyo. Okokuqala, ukubunjwa okonakalisiweyo kususwe kwimizila kunye nemithwalo. Ukuphepha ukulahlekelwa kweempahla ezibizayo, umyalelo wokukhusela kunye nokucoca uhlelwe. Kwixesha elizayo, isetyenziso sokuphucula iimeko eziphuthumayo sisetyenziswe xa kuyimfuneko ukulungisa ii-rails. Ngexesha elifanayo, aluvelwanga emva kokucoca ngokupheleleyo kwe-convoy, kodwa njengoko iingoma zikhululiwe kwiinqwelo.

Ukunciphisa okufutshane kwimbali

Abantu abalandela ukulungiswa kwemiphumo yengozi kwimizila yezitroliwe bazinikezelwa kwimihla yobungcali, bhiyozelayo ewela ngoNovemba 11. Kwimbali, ukubonakala kokuqala kwesitimela sokubuyisela ngo-1936 kubhekisiwe. Sonke siyabonga kuLM Kaganovich, osayine ummiselo, obhekiselele ekuguqulweni kwakhona kwendlela yokusebenza yesitimela sokutakula. Ngaloo xesha, kwakungenakwenzeka ukwenza umsebenzi wobugcisa kwiinkonzo zoncedo. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yabo, ukuqeqeshwa izitimela zeJSCo "iRashiya yaseRashiya" zenziwe, okufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba akukho mgangatho ophezulu womsebenzi, kodwa kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.

Ngamanye amazwi, isakhiwo sonke sokunciphisa i-compounds ikhona ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka ekuphuhliseni inethiwekhi yomzila wesitimela kwintsimi yaseRashiya. Izixhobo zazinzima ekuqaleni, kwaye kwakufuneka ukuba zisebenze kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ngokubhekiselele kwifomu yabasebenzi, kwakulula kwaye akulungele ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu bajamelana nomsebenzi wabo.

Okwangoku, iteknoloji yesimanje isetyenziswe, kodwa nangona kunjalo, umgangatho womsebenzi ngokuthe ngqo uxhomekeke kwiziqinisekiso zabasebenzi. Abasebenzi rhoqo bayaqeqeshwa ukuphucula rhoqo izakhono zabo.