UJohn Galsworthy: I-Short Biography

UJohn Galsworthy, ochazwe ngaye kwinqaku, ungumdlali ongumdlali wesiNgesi kunye nomlobi weprose wenkulungwane ye-19. Wanikwa umvuzo weNobel yoLwazi.

Biography

UJohn wazalelwa eSurrey ngo-1867. Intsapho yakhe yayingenabuthathaka kuba uyise wayenenkampani enkulu, naye wayengummeli onelayisensi, kwaye unina wayeyintombi yoshishino olunzulu.

UJohn Galsworthy wayeza kulandela ezinyathelweni zikayise. Wafunda kwiSikolo seHarrow esaziwayo, waya kwiYunivesithi yaseOxford. Phakathi kwezinto zakhe zokuzilibazisa kwakuyimidlalo nokufunda. UGalsworthy wade waba yinkosi ekwenzeni ibhola kunye nekhenkethi. Phakathi kwezinto ezifundwayo zincwadi ziThackeray, uDickens.

Emva kokugqwesa kwiyunivesithi, akazange aqalise ukusetyenziswa komthetho, kodwa wahamba. Ngokwesiqhelo, olu hambo lwaloo shishini (ishishini losapho), kodwa ngo kwenene uJohn Galsworthy wayezenza nje ukuba unomdla.

Ngomnyaka we-1904, uyise wafa, kwaye uJohn ufumene inkululeko epheleleyo yezenzo.

Ngowe-1921 wasungula waza waba ngumongameli weqela le-PEN.

Kungekudala uGalsworthy waqala ukuva ubunzima beentloko. Oogqirha bafumana ingxaki yesifo sengqondo. UJohn akakwazanga ukuya kwiNkundla yeNobel Prize ngenxa yokugula kwakhe.

Wafa ngo-1933 eLondon. UGalsworthy wayefuna ukutshiswa. Umlotha wakhe waphunyezwa kwinqwelo phezu kweBury Hill.

Ubomi bomntu

UJohn Galsworthy wayetshatile, kodwa lo mtshato wawungelula kuye. UAda Pearson, okhethiweyo wakhe, wayengumfazi womzala wakhe u-Arthur Galsworthy.

UJohn wadibana no-Ada onomdla kumtshato wakhe. Kwaye emva kokuba ekholelwa kwi talente yakhe yombhalo - wathandana ngokungathandabuzekiyo!

Umtshato ka-Ada noArthur babengenelisekile. Uvelwano lukaYohane kunye nentombazana yakhula. Abathandi bafihlakele ngokufihlakeleyo malunga neminyaka elishumi, kwaye ngo-1905 ekugqibeleni batshata.

U-Ada wayekhathalela umyeni wakhe, engamvumeli ukuba angaboni kwimboni yesibini. Mhlawumbi yimiba eneminyaka engama-44 ubudala, uJohn Galsworthy wadibana noDanret osemncinci oselula. Wathandana ngokukhawuleza, umbhali wathwala nje, kodwa ebona intlungu yomfazi wakhe, owathi uvaleleka ecaleni lakhe, waphula noMargaret.

Phakathi kwabafazi abazange baphinde babonakale iimvakalelo zokuthuthumela ezazingaphambili. UAda wacinga ukuba umyeni wakhe ungumrhwebi. Kodwa ukufa kwakhe kwambetha nje umfazi ohluphekileyo.

Kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe, ufundela imibongo ebhaliweyo ebhalwe nguYohane, aze amkhumbule uthando lwakhe.

Umsebenzi weencwadi

Ngowe-1987, ukuqokelela amabali amfutshane nguJohn Galsworthy washicilelwa. Incwadi yesibini yincwadi "Joslin." Emva koko umlobi wadala phantsi kwegama lomntu, kodwa wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba nguJohn Galsworthy. Ukuphononongwa ngemisebenzi yakhe kwakungqubuzana noko, kodwa kungekhona into embi, eyayikukholisa.

Ngomnyaka we-1906, umdlalo "I-Bhokisi yeSiliva" yakhululwa, eyaba yimpumelelo. Iingqungquthela ezibhalwa ngumlobi kwimisebenzi yakhe zibandakanya ubudlelwane beklasi, ukungalingani koluntu. Iidrama zakhe zaqala ukufakwa kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa zaseLondon.

Kwi-akhawunti yeGalsworthy yamanoveli angamashumi amabini, iimidlalo ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe, iingqokelela ezintathu zeenkondlo, amabali amaninzi kunye neengcoko. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo ebomini bakhe yayingu-Forsyte Saga.

I-Forsyte Saga

Imbali yentsapho yeForsyth yenziwe kusukela ngo-1906 ukuya ku-1921. Umxholo oyintloko weenveli zinobubomi beeklasi zentlalo. Umbhali uzwelana nabalinganiswa bakhe, kodwa abanakunceda ukuthetha nge-snobbery, ukuhaha kunye nokuziphatha kakubi. Ininzi yale mpawu yayiyimpawu yecandelo eliphezulu lalo xesha.

UJohn Galsworthy, oye wapapashwa kuzo zonke iimaphephandaba zaseLondon emva kokushicilelwa kweenveli, wayengowokuqala ukubuza iimfuno zoluntu lwangoku.

UJohn ubhala malunga nezizukulwana ezintathu zentsapho ye-Forsyte, ithatha ubuninzi ebomini bomntu kunye nokuphela kwabantu abakujikelezile.

Lo msebenzi obalulekileyo uquka incwadana ethi "Insindiso ye-Forsytes," epapashwe ngo-1901.

Emva koko landela uchungechunge lweenveli, ehlangene phantsi kwegama eliqhelekileyo "I-Saga ye-Forsytes":

1. Umnini (1906)
2. Kwi-loop (1920)
3. Irente (1921).

Phakathi kwabo u-1918 "Ihlobo lokugqibela lase-Forsythe" kunye no-1920 "Ukuvuswa" kwakumkhathaza.

Ngo-1929-1930, u-Galsworthy upapasha iifowuni ezimfutshane "Kwi-Forsyth Exchange," kwaye kwi-foreword ibonisa ukuba ngaphandle kokufunda i "saga" intsingiselo ayiyi kucaca.

Amaxesha amaninzi amarekhodi aqoshwa. Omnye wemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yi-film ye-Air Force (1967), emva koko igama likaJohn Galsworthy laphinde laba yintetho.

I-Hollywood ingu-1949 yenziwe nguMetro Goldwyn Meyer.