UJack London, "Uthando ngobomi": isishwankathelo esifutshane, abalinganiswa abakhulu

UJohn Griffith Cheney (owaziwa kakhulu kwihlabathi njengeJack London) wabhala kakhulu ngenxa yobomi bakhe obude. Imixholo yazo yonke imisebenzi yakhe ifana kakhulu: wabhala ngobomi kunye nangothando lwakhe.

Kule nqaku siza kuthetha ngebali elidumileyo lombhali omkhulu uJack London- "Uthando lobomi." Isishwankathelo somsebenzi, ulwazi malunga nembali yokubhala kwayo, kunye nezihloko ezichazwe kuyo, ungayifumana kwinqaku.

Biography yomlobi

Wazalwa ngoJohn Griffith kwisixeko saseSan Francisco, ngowe-1876. Ifani, ngoku eyaziwayo kwihlabathi lonke, wamkela kumama, owatshata nomlimi uJohn London, xa uYohn omncinci wayengeneminyaka engama ubudala.

Ubomi bentsha uJohn kwakungekho lula: waqala ukusebenza esikolweni iminyaka, esasaza amaphepha amasa. Kwaye eneminyaka engama-14 ndafumana umsebenzi kwifowuni yokutya. Emva kokusebenza kancinci khona, uJack London uhamba ngokukhawuleza wangena elwandle waza waba ngu-oyster catcher. Kuyaziwa ukuba ngeli xesha umbhali wayetywala kakhulu, kwaye abasebenzi bakhe bakholelwa ukuba ngale ndlela yobomi akayi kuhlala ixesha elide.

Kubhukuda

Ngowe-1893, ubomi bukaCheney bubona isiganeko esibalulekileyo, ngenxa yokuba ihlabathi lonke ngoku liyazi malunga nombhali onjengoJack London. Uthando lobomi kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zeentando zothando zamshukumisela kuye kwi-schooner, eyayiza kuLwandle lwaseBering ukuze ibambe izibilini zobunzima. Olu hambo lwaluhlaba umxhwele eLondon kwaye, enyanisweni, lwaluyimpumelelo ekuphuhliseni ubuchule bakhe, obusekelwe kumxholo wemikhosi. Ebhalwa nguye ngoko isicatshulwa esithi "Isiqhwithi esisemgodini waseJapan" asizange sizise eLondon kuphela umvuzo, kodwa saqala ukuba ngumsebenzi wokubhala.

Emva koko kwafika amanye amabali, amabali amfutshane, iireveli kunye neenveli, eziphendulela umkhumbi oqhelekileyo ukuba abe ngumlobi omkhulu weprose. Malunga neveveli ezimbini kunye neenvellas, amabali angaphezu kwama-200 - oku kubangelwa yimibhalo kaJack London.

Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe obutshanje uJack London wahlushwa isifo sesifo. Ngenye imini, ukuze azisindise ekuhlaselweni kwentlungu, uJohn wathabatha ipilisi yokulala kakhulu. Ngoko wafa umlobi omkhulu uJack London, owayethanda ubomi obungenasiphelo. Kwathi ngoNovemba 22, 1916.

UJack London: Ibali elithi "Uthando lobomi"

Lo msebenzi ubhalwe yiLondon ngo-1905. Ibali elincinci, iphepha elilishumi kuphela, kwaye unokulifunda ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yokuhamba kwakhe, uJack London wayazi kakuhle i-geography. Kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe, unokudibana neenkcazo ezicacileyo kunye neenkcukacha ngokubanzi. Ngokukodwa, kweli bali ibonakaliso lombonakalo lwenza uhambo olude ukusuka kwiLwandle i-Great Bear ukuya endaweni apho uMlambo waseCanada eCoppermine ugeleza khona kwi -Arctic Ocean.

Ibali elithi "Uthando lobomi" luthandwa kakhulu ngabagxeki abaninzi kunye nabantu abaziwayo. Ngaloo ndlela, inkokheli yelizwe lehlabathi, uVladimir Lenin, walithanda lo msebenzi, wabiza ngokuthi "into enamandla kakhulu." Kuyaziwa ukuba uNadezhda Krupskaya ufunde uLenin ngqo eli bali ibini iintsuku ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.

"Uthando lobomi": isishwankathelo

Kufuneka ukhunjulwe kwakhona ukuba ibali ngokwalo liyingcinci, ngoko ke lingafaneleka ngakumbi ukulifunda ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ungachithanga ixesha ukufunda umxholo omfutshane. Nangona kunjalo, sicebisa ukuba uzifunde ngokuphindaphinda komsebenzi othi "Uthando lobomi."

Umxholo omfutshane kweli bali lilandelayo: Abaqabane abambini bavela ukukhangela igolide ngaphandle kokubala ukutya nokutya. Baqala ukulambela indlala baze balahlekelwa ngamandla amaninzi. Kwaye ngolunye usuku omnye wabo ujika unyawo lwakhe, ewela umlambo. Uqala ukulala emva komlingane wakhe, kwaye yena, xa enqume ukuba angamncedisi umhlobo wakhe, ushiya eyedwa.

Ukungcatsha komhlobo kunye nokulwa nendlala

Umntu oyintloko uhlala yodwa kwaye uyaqhubeka. Ngayo yonke ikhilomitha yendlela ayehamba kuyo, wayelokhu ecinga ngokutya. Ngendlela eyadibana nayo, kodwa wayenalo iikharriji zokubulala ubuncinane omnye wabo. Ngelinye ilanga wayephantse athabathe i-partridge, kodwa waqhekeka ezandleni zakhe ngomzuzu wokugqibela. Kwakubonakala ngathi wayenalo ithuba lokuphila, kodwa into ethile yamshukumisela ukuba aqhubeke. Oku kwakukunjalo uthando olufanayo lobomi. Ukutshatyalaliswa kancinci kwengqondo kwakhona kwatshatyalaliswa ngumnqweno ovuthayo wokuphila, kwaye kwakukho nemibutho emitsha.

Iqhawe lebali lidla yonke into efika kuyo endleleni: amajikijolo, ama-bulbs zezityalo ... Kungekudala wayenomnqweno owodwa - kukho! Kwaye kwacima zonke ezinye iingcinga entloko.

Ngenye imini wadibana nebhere endleleni. Ukuqokelela amandla akhe okugqibela, wavuka ezinyaweni zakhe, wasusa ummese wakhe wajonga ngqo kwibhere. Okumangalisileyo, isilwanyana asizange kumthinte umntu.

Ukulwa neengcuka

Amaphepha atshabalalayo ebali liqala ukususela kumzuzu xa umlingisi oqaqambileyo ehlangene nengcuka - njengobuthakathaka kwaye edinwa njengokuba. Inkcaso phakathi komntu neengcuka ihlala ixesha elide. Akukho namnye kubo owayenamandla okulwa notshaba. Yaye ingcuka yayiqhuba ngasecaleni, ilinde ukuba umhambi ahambe, kwaye uyayidla. Kodwa i-protagonist ayiyeki, ngaphandle koko, wayencibilikiswe ukuba acinge ukuba umzimba wakhe ungadla oku kuhlambalaza, malunga nesilwanyana esifileyo.

Ngenxa yoko, i-protagonist yayizenza ngathi ifile kwaye ilinda de isilwanyana sifike kuye. Xa kwenzeka le nto, waqhawula ingcuka ngokulinganisa umzimba wakhe. Wayengenamandla okugubha ingcuka, waza wacindezela amazinyo entanyeni yakhe. Isiqendu esininzi nesingenakucinga ukuba ibali linye xa umntu ebulala ingcuka ngamazinyo akhe, ephuza igazi lakhe ukuze aphile.

Ekugqibeleni, iqhawe liya elwandle, apho ephawulwa ngabanqwelisi kwinqanawa. Kwaye abaqinisekanga ukuba lo mntu. Uninzi kakhulu wabanjwa kwaye waphelelwa ngumzabalazo wobomi.

Abalinganiswa abakhulu bebali

Umzabalazo wokusinda, ukusinda - le isiseko sebali elithi "Uthando lobomi," amaqhawe akhe alwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwaloo nobomi. Ewe, ngaba ngamaqhawe. Emva koko, impisi ngendlela efanayo yalwa nale nto, njengendoda.

Ngomsebenzi sibona abantu babini: lo ngumntu oyintloko (igama lakhe lingakhankanywa ngumlobi) kwaye uBill ungumlingani wakhe. Lo mva wagqiba ekubeni ashiye umhlobo wakhe enkingeni, kodwa akazange athi ukukhwela kwibhegi yakhe yegolide. I-future fate yeBill ayikwazanga. Kodwa i-protagonist, ngokuchaseneyo, ngokukhawuleza iyaqonda ukuba igolide ayiyi kumlondoloza kwaye ilula kunye naye.

Kubonakala ngathi, kungekhona ngengozi ukuba uJack London ushiye i-protagonist yakhe ngaphandle kwegama, kuba ayinandaba nakweli qongo. Uhlala yedwa kunye nendlala kunye nokufa okufutshane, ukulwa nobomi.

Ingcamango ephambili yomsebenzi

Enyanisweni, imbono ephambili yomsebenzi ilele egameni layo-lo luyothando lobomi. Umxholo webali usinceda siqonde le ngcaciso ngokungakumbi.

Ngokukodwa, ingcamango ephambili yale bali ngumzabalazo womntu onobugcisa ukuze aphile. Kwaye, ngenxa yenkalipho yakhe nokunyamezela (kwaye, mhlawumbi, ngenxa yokuba uyindoda), uyakwazi ukuphumelela kulo mzabalazo. Ngaloo ndlela, kungamandla kunye nokuphakama komntu phezu kweNdalo uJack London uzama ukubonisa apha.

Yaye ukuba uyigcina nangakumbi, unokucinga ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umbhali emsebenzini wakhe olandelayo ufuna impendulo kumbuzo omdala: "Yaye yintoni intsingiselo yobomi?" Ingxaki yefilosofi ibomvu obomvu kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe.

I-protagonist yebali, ukunqoba ukwesaba nokulamba, ukulibala ngokulimala, ukungena ngokuzithemba ekulweni ubomi bakhe ngobunzima nobunzima. Wayeyisa. Oku akunako kodwa kubangele ukuhlonipha iqhawe lomsebenzi kunye nomntu wonke. Nangona kunjalo, wakwazi ukuphila. Ngaloo ndlela, uJack London wazama ukubonisa umfundi ukuba umntu uyakwazi ukunqoba iimvavanyo ezinzima kakhulu ukuze aphile, kwaye ukuba ubomi bufanelekile ukulwa nalo.

Enye yemisebenzi edumileyo kwiincwadi zehlabathi lekhulu lama-20 ibali likaJohn Griffith waseLondon "Uthando lobomi." Isishwankathelo, ngokuqinisekileyo, siya kukuvumela ukuba wenze ingcamango jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba uzive kakuhle, ukuqonda eli bali, kungcono ufunde umsebenzi kwi-original.