UEFI - okokuba USB inokuqalwa drive Uefi ?. Uefi ukufaka

Abaninzi namhlanje brand-umenzi yeekhomponenti zekhompyutha ngenxa PC, kwakunye "software" zifuna ukuba banike inkxaso yabo interface iimveliso UEFI. Esi sisombululo software yenzelwe ukuba enye ukuya eziqhelekileyo kubalandeli ezininzi inkqubo igalelo-output izixhobo kwikhompyutha - BIOS. Yintoni ingakumbi kwale software? Zeziphi bokuqonda uphawu ikhono lakhe lokusebenzisa?

Yintoni UEFI

Cinga ulwazi olusisiseko malunga UEFI. Luhlobo luni uphuhliso? UEFI - oku ujongano eyodwa lusekiwe phakathi OS efakwe kwi khompyutha kunye software uxanduva imisebenzi ekwinqanaba eliphantsi kumacandelo iintsimbi PC.

Maxa wambi ibizwa ngokuba BIOS UEFI. Kulo itayitile, kwelinye icala, kukho isiphoso, kuba BIOS - isisombululo software esebenzela kwimigaqo ezahlukeneyo. UEFI saphuhliswa yi-Intel, BIOS - isoftware olukhoyo iinguqulelo ezininzi zixhaswa yemiyinge ezahlukeneyo.

Kwelinye icala, injongo BIOS kunye UEFI - phantse ngokufanayo. BIOS UEFI - ngokusesikweni, eli binzana ayikho kakhulu ilungile, kodwa noko ingqiqo izixhobo kunye hardware ulawulo computer ubuchule.

Ukwahlukana kusuka UEFI BIOS

Kodwa ke into yokuqala sinikela ingqalelo - kukufumana umahluko phakathi "olunyulu» BIOS and "UEFI zakudala». Isibakala esixubusha isisombululo isoftware ibekwe njenge ndlela phambili ngakumbi BIOS. abenzi abaninzi motherboards zaphambili iikhompyutha ukuzama ukunika inkxaso uhlobo efanelekileyo software Intel. Ngoko, umahluko phakathi UEFI kunye BIOS, sinako ukulandela, ukuhlola, kuqala kwiinto zonke, iintsilelo yenkqubo yesibini.

A ethile yokuqala BIOS - ukuba le nkqubo akanako ukunika ukusetyenziswa ngempumelelo ngakumbi indawo kwi diski kwi "drives hard" likhulu kakhulu - abo kugqithisela imali terabytes-2. Eneneni, kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo bawo okuluphawu amandla nzima disks, kwabonakala ingumnqa, ngenxa yokuba abenzi PC azikho ngokukodwa ezijoliswe kwi ngokungabi BIOS efanelekileyo. Kodwa namhlanje "hard drive" engaphezulu kwe 2TB uya isothuse mntu. abenzi PC waqala ukuziva ukuba lixesha lokuba batshintshele UEFI-ukuba yinto yimfuneko njongo, ngokusekelwe lweentsingiselo zeteknoloji zakutshanje.

Enye inkalo ye-BIOS - kuba ixhasa inani eliqingqiweyo izahlulelo zaseprayimari kwihard diski yakho. Kwelinye icala, UEFI-usebenza nge 128. Xa isakhiwo sezisombululo entsha isoftwe evela Intel laphumeza itafile hlulo omtsha - GPT, leyo okunene ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise ephawulwe inzuzo lobuchwepheshe UEFI.

Ekubeni zonke umehluko iphawulwe yokusingqongileyo entsha software eyenziwe yi-Intel, kunye nenkqubo igalelo-output eqhelekileyo ye-BIOS, imisebenzi esisiseko izigqibo ezifanelekileyo, yonke umdlalo. Ngaphandle algorithm ngokwesiseko esitsha ukhuseleko kwi UEFI, umahluko kanye phakathi iindlela ezininzi kakhulu. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba iqonga software entsha yenza kube lula ukuba ukulayisha yokusebenza, abanye bathi ukuba kuphela ezifanelekileyo for Windows 8 Makhe siqwalasele, enyanisweni, kwinkqubo yokhuseleko kuqaliswa kwi UEFI-, ngakumbi.

New Security Technology

Yintoni ngaphambi entsha inkqubo UEFI BIOS - le izinga lokhuseleko. Into yokuba kukho iintsholongwane ukuba lingaphunyezwa ku-chip, nto leyo nespelete ubuchule BIOS. Emva koko - kuba kunokwenzeka ukulayisha yokusebenza kwenkqubo kunye amalungelo omsebenzisi ophezulu, nto leyo kuvula amathuba ngokubanzi ukuba Uchwepheshe. Ngenxa yoko, umxube entsha esuka Intel laphumeza umxokozelo ekhuselekileyo - UEFI ibonelela algorithm efanelekileyo ekuthiwa Boot Secure.

Oku kusekelwe ukusetyenziswa yezitshixo ezizodwa, ekufuneka zingqinwe iintlobo ezinkulu IT-emarikeni. Noko ke, njengoko iingcali uqaphele, xa kusenziwa, kwezi beenkampani ezininzi kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, malunga ukuxhasa kuba abathengisi ukhetho olufanelekileyo iinkqubo zokusebenza, ixhasa ngokupheleleyo kuphela Microsoft inkqubo zokusebenza kuphela Windows 8 Kukho kwakhona ubungqina obubonisa ukuba zokungahambisani kwinkqubo yokhuseleko omtsha ukusebenza kwezinye kukaMoya Linux.

Iinzuzo UEFI

Kucacile ukuba le ngasentla ezingalunganga BIOS - into ngexesha elinye, iingenelo yesisombululo software entsha. Nangona kunjalo UEFI it waphawulwa ngezinto eziliqela nezinye iingenelo ebalulekileyo. Makhe sihlole kubo.

Okokuqala, kulula ukuyisebenzisa interface functional, enobuchwepheshe kunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba waqonda inkxaso mousedesired - nto leyo aziqhelekanga ukuba BIOS. Kwakhona, iinguqulelo ezininzi UEFI (BIOS, olu khetho kwakhona akukho iyinqaba) ukunika interface Russian.

Ubuchule enikwa isicombululo software entsha ivumela iinkqubo kulayishwa yokusebenza kwiimeko ezininzi, ngokukhawuleza okukhulu xa usebenzisa BIOS. Umzekelo, Windows 8 efakwe kwikhompyutha ngenkxaso UEFI, inokufakwa - ngaphandle komsebenzi CPU eyaneleyo kunye namanye amacandelo hardware iqhosha - ngokoqobo 10 imizuzwana.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo sezisombululo software ingqalelo avelisa abaninzi IT-iingcali - elula ngakumbi, xa kuthelekiswa neendlela BIOS, kuhlaziyo algorithm. Enye indlela olunoluncedo UEFI - ubukho kule nkqubo ngokwakhe umphathi download, onokuwatshintsha usebenzise ukuba nePC yakho ngaphezu kwesinye inkqubo yokusebenza.

Ngenxa yoko, iingenelo uzobe olwenziwe interface entsha ulawulo lwe-PC, nto leyo eyenzelwe i-Intel, siyaqonda. brand ezinkulu macandelo zekhompyutha ngenxa PC olunikezela ngokuhambiselana le "intsimbi" kunye UEFI - Gigabyte, Asus, SONY. Kwinguqu esa kwindlela entsha, lithathwa ngabaninzi IT-iingcali, unakho ukudala ndlela iphambili zeteknoloji ngokuthe ngcembe. Amathuba ezinikezelwa yi-jikelele IT-ekuhlaleni, Intel, yavelisa UEFI-, ukuze kulunge nomtsalane abenzi phambili amacandelo software ne-hardware ngenxa PC. Ingakumbi ukuba efanelekileyo iinketho lobuchwepheshe UEFI zixhaswa yi uphawu inkulu emarikeni kwiinkqubo zokusebenza.

Facts about Boot Secure

Makhe siqwalasele iingenelo ubuchwepheshe Boot Secure inkxaso UEFI. Yintoni na le nto? Le protocol lendlela yokuqalelisa ikhompyutha ekhuselekileyo, nto leyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela inkqubo, njengoko sele sibonile ngentla apha, kwamagciwane. Noko ke, ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwabo ngokupheleleyo izitshixo ezisetyenziswa yi lo protocol kufuneka aqinisekiswe. Okwangoku, esi njengenqobo kwenziwe bambalwa kakhulu yemiyinge-nabathengisi. Phakathi kwabo - inkampani Microsoft, ukuphumeza inkxaso ubuchule afanelekileyo e-Windows 8.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba le nto kwezinye iimeko, kusenokuba nzima ufakelo PC isebenza UEFI-, nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza. Ukuba kufuneka uzifake Windows - UEFI-kungenzeka kubekho ukunyaniseka loo - kodwa komqathango wokuba uguqulelo OS kufutshane kangangoko kule omnye efakiweyo yi umenzi we computer. Unako kwakhona uqaphele ukuba ezinye Linux izinikezelo kwakhona ehambelanayo ne Boot ukhetho Secure.

Kodwa kwanokuba ngokwegunya umsebenzi yokulayisha OS entsha iya aluvumelekanga nangayiphina inkqubo e UEFI ujongano isakhiwo inikeza ikhono ukukhubaza algorithms Boot Secure. Kucacile ukuba uya kuba kule meko ekulayisheni inkqubo oshishina ekhuselekileyo, nangona kunjalo, i olufanelekileyo ukhetho nangaliphi na ixesha ukuphinda-Qalisa kwaye uqala ukusebenza nge-Windows 8.

Zeziphi iinkqubo zokusebenza zezi isebenzisane ngokupheleleyo UEFI?

Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, umntu IT-iingcali ukufumana ufakelo PC kunye Secure Boot ehambelanayo OS. Umzekelo, kuyaziwa ukuba isondlo kunokwenzeka ukuba Windows 7 kwezinye laptops ngenkxaso UEFI BIOS. Asus - kuqukwa abanini zifektri ze iiPC. Kodwa ke kunokuba Kwimeko ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo. Ngokubanzi, amathuba aphantsi lofakelo oluyimpumelelo Windows nokuba nezinye iintlelo 8. Noko ke, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, ezinye izinikezelo Linux kwakhona ehambelana kunye iinketho UEFI.

Amanqaku izilungiselelo UEFI

Cinga eminye bokuqonda izicwangciso ingqalelo izisombululo software Intel. An umdla ukhetho - BIOS UEFI ulinganiselo ithetha. Luhlobo luni ithuba? Eneneni, kwezinye iinguqulelo ze UEFI laphumeza algorithms apho ulawulo khompyutha esicwangciswe ngokungqinelana neendlela esisebenzisa inkqubo igalelo-imveliso, i njengomanduleli Ngokwembali UEFI.

Kuxhomekeka PC, le imo ingabizwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Amaninzi, oku okanye Ilifa Launch CSM. Kulo mzekelo, akukho ubunzima uzifake njani indlela UEFI ukuqalelisa eqhelekileyo.

Bokuqonda ukungena ku UEFI

Enye into umdla kubalulekile ukuphawula - kukho inani elikhulu iinguqulelo ze UEFI. Bayakwazi zinokwahluka kakhulu kwi PC ekhutshwe yemiyinge ezahlukeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ubukho iimpawu ezithile kwiikhompyutha ezahlukeneyo angayitshintsha kakhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi, umzekelo, ukuze xa kwikhompyutha menu ekuvumela ukuba ufake useto UEFI iboniswe. Kodwa ke kule meko kwi Microsoft Windows, njengoko umthetho, enikelweyo enye i ithuba kunye iinketho uzilayishe ezantsi. Kufuneka ube kwi "izilungiselelo" kwaye wenze ukhetho "Special iinketho idrive."

Unako ke uqalise - yaye uya kubona iinketho eziliqela for PC download. Kukho enye indlela ukubonelela ukufikelela afanelekileyo iinketho UEFI. Usebenza PC ezininzi. Kuyimfuneko ekuqaleni ikhompyutha, cinezela Esc download. Emva koko, le menu kwi mbuzo kufuneka avulwe.

Okukodwa umsebenzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo,

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba utshintsho kwimo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kwi UEFI yeLifa, ezinqwenelekayo, kusetyenziswa iinkqubo eziyimfuneko ezifuna Boot off Secure, okanye ukusebenza kunye we AT ulinganiso BIOS, kwakhona xa kuvela ithuba lokuba ziquka UEFI ujongano ngazo zonke iinketho efanelekileyo. Kungenjalo, Windows 8, njengoko kuqatshelwe abanye IT-iingcali ukuze ukuqala. Noko ke, abaninzi PC ngathi akukho ngxaki. Ezinye iibrand labavelisi silandela isakhiwo yolawulo PC ubuchule ukuba imo UEFI ukuba isebenze ngokuzenzekelayo. Kwezinye imifanekiso, i-PC iphunyezwa imo hybrid, apho inkqubo UEFI boot evela nangaziphi na iintlobo zosasazo, kwaye xa kukho imfuneko esebenzisekayo BIOS kwezwi. Umahluko ekwi thengiso lwenguqulelo ye UEFI kwakhona zicinge ukuba angasebenzi imo Boot Secure ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo izisombululo software evela Intel akunakwenzeka. Kuba oku kufuneka kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba umsebenzi BIOS ulinganiselo.

UEFI nasemva stick

Kwezinye iimeko, abasebenzisi kufuneka ukukhuphela indlela yokusebenza evela USB drive. Ubunzima ephambili kukuba unezinye kwe FAT32 ifomati, UEFI flash inokuqalwa drive asibonakali. Kodwa le ngxaki zisonjululwe ngempumelelo. Njani?

Ngoko ke, ngokungagqibekanga USB inokuqalwa flash drive for Windows elifomatiweyo kwi inkqubo kwifayile NTFS, nto leyo elingalihloneliyo UEFI. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi engundoqo - ukuqinisekisa ukuba icandelo iintsimbi ahambelanayo iformatwe kwinkqubo lefayile jikelele - FAT32. Uninzi umdla kukuba abaninzi IT-iingcali kucingwa lixesha. Kodwa umzekelo enye yezisombululo software eziphuhlileyo, yintoni na ngokuqinisekileyo, UEFI-, singakwazi kuxubusha umgangatho ofanelekileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

USB flash drive ukuziqala kwimo UEFI: yeziXhobo

Oko kufunekayo ukuze sibe kuvuzwa UEFI flash inokuqalwa drive ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki? Okokuqala, oko kukuthi, enyanisweni, phezu yayo USB-drive. Kunqweneleka ukuba umthamo wayo akakho ngaphantsi kwe-4 GB. Kwakhona enqwenelekayo iifayile ezibalulekileyo kuwo ayizange beka, kuba ukufomata ngokupheleleyo flash drive. Okulandelayo kufuneka sibe necandelo - nokwabiwa Windows. Makube oku kube uguqulelo bit-64 ka-Windows 7. Enye inkalo ye UEFI, apho kufuneka kuthiwe - ekhethekileyo eziibhithi ezingama-32 yokusebenza evela Microsoft, le nkqubo ayiyixhasi.

nokulungiswa intonga

Ukuba siye ibhalwe amacandelo, unako ukuqala umsebenzi. Okokuqala, faka i USB flash drive kulo USB-izibuko. Emva koko - ukuvula isikhawulezisi somyalelo esinyusiweyo in interface Windows. Kuyimfuneko, kulo mzekelo, ukuba umsebenzisi waba amalungelo umlawuli. Ngokusebenzisa kwilayini yomyalelo kufuneka usebenzise inkqubo DISKPART - nje ngokuchwetheza igama. Emva koko, kufuneka ufake umyalelo uluhlu disk, apho izakubonisa uluhlu lwe drives akhoyo kule nkqubo. Kuyimfuneko ukufumana USB-stick. Ukuba kuluhlu phantsi inombolo 2, ke kufuneka ukuba ufake umyalelo seleck disk 2.

ufomatha intonga

Okulandelayo kufuneka ukufomata eendaba. Ukuze wenze oku, chwetheza umyalelo uhlambulukile. Emva koko kufuneka ukwenza ulwahlulo ephambili kwi didki. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokuchwetheza ukudala isahlulelo zaseprayimari. Emva kweli candelo kufuneka iingenziwa ukwenza esebenzayo. Ukuze wenze oku, Nobaufaka umyalelo esebenzayo. Uyakwazi ngoko ukubonisa uluhlu zokwahlula. Ukuze wenze oku, faka umthamo yoluhlu kwilayini yomyalelo. Sifumana ulwahlulo wadalwa kuthi. Ukuba zidweliswe kule nombolo 3, uze ufake umyalelo khetha umqulu 3. Emva koko kufuneka ukufomata kwindlela FAT32. Ukuze wenze oku, faka ifomati umyalelo Fact = fat32. Base media inokuqalwa oko - uzilungiselele. Kodwa loo nto bonke. Kufuneka unikezele ileta drive kwi-flash drive. Oku kungenziwa umyalelo ayabele. Emva koko, uhlobo Ukuphuma nokuphuma kwilayini yomyalelo.

ukusasazwa Rekhoda kwi USB flash drive

Emva kokuba onke amanyathelo ngasentla, kufuneka bakope ukusasazwa Windows 7 kwi USB flash drive. Oku kwenziwa nge kwilayini yomyalelo. Njani? Ukulungiselela le njongo iqela elilodwa - xcopy. Kufuneka ukuba ufake kuyo, ngoko - ukucacisa drive ukujongana ukwabiwa, ufake uphawu *, cacisa ileta okuhambelana iyafumaneka ukukhuphela kwi UEFI flash drive, uze ufake ngeesimboli umyalelo supplement / s / e. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba sigqithe umgca umyalelo kwi intonga. Akukho mfuneko yokuba bangene weefayili Enterprise \ Microsoft \ idrive. Kufuneka sikhutshelwe Enterprise \ ulawulo idrive. Ke ufuna ukukhuphela kwifayile ebizwa bootmgfw.efi kwi eneenkcukacha Enterprise \ wesiqalo, uze uyinike igama kwakhona - kwifayile bootx64.efi.

Ukusebenza memory stick lugqityiwe. UEFI disk nenkqubo ifayile FAT32, esiye nje efomatiweyo i-flash drive, unganokuqonda ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. Ngako oko, unako ukufaka kwi-PC Windows 7. Kakade ke, ukuba iinketho UEFI off algorithm Boot Secure, othintela ifakiwe yokusebenza ikhompyutha yakho yokusebenza, leyo eyahlukileyo kwi-Windows 8.