Ubume esweni kwabantu

Njengoko lo mzekeliso ezaziwayo-kakuhle Russian, "amehlo -. Njengesipili umphefumlo" On kubo uyakwazi ukufunda umlinganiswa yomntu. Ngokusebenzisa emehlweni abantu babone ihlabathi, bona i intle into eyenzekayo emhlabeni.

Njengoko kakuhle ngaphakathi kulo mzimba emangalisayo? Yintoni na isakhiwo iliso?

Umbindi iliso i lweliso lakho. Elidityaniswe kunye ubuchopho ingakumbi i-luvo optic. Yeso emise ngathi okweqanda. Le ibandakanya ngaphambili nangesemva nezibonda, idityaniswe umgca othe ngqo - esqwini optical. Ubude esqwini woqondo emntwini nempilo-24 mm. Iliso ikhweyitha yahlula lweliso lakho ibe ngamaqela amabini, mafutshane kunokuba esqwini optical. Ubude bayo 23.6 mm. Nkqo yeso bepali yi 23.3 mm. Yeso iye imifinya ezintathu ukukhusela i kernel kwiimpembelelo ezingakhiyo evela ngaphandle. Le iqokobhe ezinezikhondo engaphandle choroid oluphakathi kunye retina embilwini. philisi kwenwebu-scleral has a zikhusela: oko bangavumi ukuba izidumbu amazwe ukuba angene ku lens kanye umzimba vitreous. ubudeki kwenwebu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo iyahluka ukusuka 0.6 mm ukuya 1 mm. Ngabakwenzayo enombala lelona refracting elinamandla. isakhiwo Iliso sidityaniswe ukuze inwebu ayiqulathanga imithambo yegazi. Kodwa babeka inani elikhulu kwalapho. Kungenxa hypersensitivity le sclera umntu idanyaza kwaye squints kwi ingozi incinane ukuya iliso. Le sclera iso ukusuka ngaphandle okusuka ukuya ku-1 mm., Ngoxa kwicala ngaphakathi ibhityile kakhulu. sine yayo setyhula ilawula nencindi ulwelo intraocular.

Ubume iliso sidityaniswe ukuze uxinzelelo iliso eqhelekileyo kugcinwa onke amaxesha. Isithuba emva kwigumbi inwebu ezele ngamanzi, leyo, nokubunjwa kwayo zengqo- efanayo naleyo kolwelo fluid. udonga egumbini ngasemva sobuKristu lisebenza iris, ize igcinwe apho umfundi. Iris iqulethe ngombala unoxanduva umbala yamehlo. A uphawu iliso mbala zemfuza zesini, nemnyama iliso umbala a phawu lubalaseleyo ngokunxulumene ekukhanyeni. Ngokucace kakhulu, uphawu olubalaseleyo bubukho kombala, lo gama angwevu okanye ukukhanya brown kunokwenzeka kwi ezinomthamo elisezantsi kudala. Ukuba lo mbala imibala ayikho kwaphela, loo mntu albino. imithambo yegazi ukunika iliso ube bomvu namhlophe. Iris iye izihlunu ezimbini banoxanduva ubungakanani umfundi. Xa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo umfundi lifinyele yaye ebumnyameni, phezu koko, kuba ngokubanzi. Iqumrhu ciliary inoxanduva imveliso ulwelo intraocular.

Ubume iliso ngokupheleleyo ngokwemigqaliselo physics optical. Kuyamangalisa ukuba indalo udale indlela yokuqonda, ikopi uluntu nangoku phantsi amandla. Retina iye maleko ezilishumi. Kuyinto unoxanduva lokuqulunqa womfanekiso kunye imbono imibala kunye nombala. Kwiretina kangakanani, kuxhomekeke inani shades distinguishable mntu. Ke Rod- of receptors cone luqulathe izahlulo ezine: abangakwaziyo engaphandle constriction, abangakwaziyo yangaphakathi kwaye intsimi zobuchopho. Oloba abaqaphela ngakumbi ekukhanyeni, kubulelwe rhodopsin mbala kunye cone kunye iodopsin capture motion ngcono. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uninzi isilwanyana isakhiwo lehlabathi iliso ivumela kuphela ukuba kukho izinti, kodwa akukho cone.

Ukufunda uhlobo okuphilayo isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi amehlo kufuneka ifundwe kunye nesakhiwo iiseli zemithambo-luvo kunye neziphelo ezithumela ulwazi ukusuka retina abane-ingqondo. Ukusuka kwindawo engundoqo ye disc-luvo iliso ngaphandle eVienna kunye umthambo. Lo mfanekiso sigqithiswe iliso ngasekhohlo senziwa Icala lasekunene ingqondo, kunye nomfanekiso, esisigxina neliso lakhe lasekunene - ekhohlo.

Eli nqaku lichaza isakhiwo iliso, izibakala jikelele kuphela. Ukuba ufuna ukuqonda isakhiwo oluneenkcukacha amalungu yombono nemigaqo yawo, kufuneka ufunde ezi beefayili ezininzi neencwadi zamehlo.