UAntonio Canova - u-Phidiya omtsha

Canova Antonio (1757-1822) - umculi waseTaliyane kunye nomdwebi, ummeli obalaseleyo we-neoclassicism, umculi onobuhle obuhle. Umsebenzi wakhe kunye nobuchule bakhe benza enye inguqulelo kwezobugcisa. Ngethuba lokuqala lomsebenzi wakhe, wonke umntu wathonywa nguBaroque genius uLenzozo Bernini, kodwa u-Antonio oselula wayifumana indlela yakhe.

Ubuntwaneni kunye nolutsha

UAntonio Antonio wazalelwa ePoslando, edolophini eliseTrviso, eentabeni zeGrappa. Kwiminyaka emine walahlekelwa ngabazali bobabini waza wakhuliswa ngumkhulu wakhe, owayenobunzima. Utatomkhulu wayengumkhonto. Wayeqonda ukubizwa komzukulu wakhe waza wamzisa kuSenator Giovanni Faliero. Ngaphantsi kolawulo lwakhe ngo-1768 eVenice, uCanova uAntonio waqala ukuguqula imifanekiso yakhe yokuqala. Ngaloo ndlela, utatomkhulu wathengisa iplasi encinane, kwaye leyo nto yahamba yayiqinisekisa ukuba uAntonio wayenethuba lokufunda ubugcisa bamandulo. Ngo-Oktobha ngo-1773, eyathunywe nguFaliero, uCanova waqala ukusebenza kwi-"Orpheus no-Eurydice" eqingqiweyo, eyagqitywa kwiminyaka emibini kwaye yamkelwa ngempumelelo enkulu. Waphefumulelwa ubugcisa be-Greek yamandulo kwaye akazange aphethwe yimpembelelo yobugcisa bekhulu le-XVIII. U-Antonio oselula wenza i-workshop yakhe eVenice. Ngomnyaka we-1779, wafaka esinye isifanekiso-uDaedalus no-Icarus-kwaye bayibonakalisa kwiSt. Mark's Square. Kwaye kwaziwa ngokubanzi.

UDaedalus noIcarus

Enye yezinto zokuqala zeCanova, ezibonisa amanani amabini. U-Icarus osemncinci, omhle kakhulu kunye nomdala ubudala, onomzimba omdala owenziwe nguDaedalus. Ukwamkelwa kohlu lobudala kunye nolutsha luphucula umzobo apho umdwebi efumana ukuwamkelwa okusha. Uya kuwusebenzisa kwixesha elizayo: i- axis yokulinganisa iphakathi, kodwa u-Icarus uphindele emuva, kwaye kunye noDaedalus benza umgca we-X. Ngoko ufumana ibhalansi efunekayo. Umdlalo wokukhanya kunye nethunzi kubalulekile kumphathi.

Ukufudukela eRoma

Kwiminyaka engama-22, ngo-1799, u-Antonio wahamba waya eRoma waza waqala ukufunda ngokujulile umsebenzi wama-Greek master. Uye uye esikolweni "isiqhelo" sesiFulentshi saseFransi kunye neCapeitoline Museum. Ufunda abalingani abakhulu bezobugcisa kunye neengcamango zakhe zobugcisa, eziza kusekelwe ekulula. Oku kuya kuthintela uphuhliso lwakhe njengomculi. Ukuphuhlisa isicatshulwa sokuqala, u-Antonio Canova imifanekiso eyenza abantu bakhe bahlala bekholelwa ukuba umileyo kunye ne-antique abaqingqi beemifanekiso. Kodwa kuya kuba yincinci kamva, kodwa ngoku ihambelana kakuhle nemoya yenkcubeko yaseRoma. Kulapho uya kudala imisebenzi yakhe engcono - "Cupid neSyng", "Iintsika ezintathu" kunye "noMaddalene othe tye", owamenza waphumelela kunye nodumo lwehlabathi lonke.

"I-cupid kunye ne-Psyche"

"I-Cupid ne-Psyche" yiqela lamanani amabini. Ziya kwenziwa ngo-1800-1803. UThixo onothando ukhangele ngamehlo ebantwini bakhe abathandayo i-Psyche, abayiphendula ngokungathandanga. Amanani adibanisa kwithuba ngendlela eyenzeka ngayo i-X-line, ebonisa ukuba bahamba kwindawo.

Le yi-arabesque enhle kakhulu, apho i-Psyche ne-Cupid isasazeka khona. Sasaza amaphiko kaThixo woLuthando, ulinganise isikhundla semibutho. Izandla zengqondo, ukumbamba intloko ye-Amur, ukudala isikhungo apho yonke ingqwalasela igxininiswe. Iintlobo zeentlobo ezintle, ezihambayo zithandwayo zivakalisa ingcamango ka-Antonio. Umsebenzi wangaphambili ugcinwa kwiLouvre.

Impembelelo yobugcisa beGrike

Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi waseAntonio wawungafani kakhulu nemisebenzi yabanye abadwebi. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunda izifanekiso zamaGrisi, uCanova Antonio waya kwisigqibo sokuba kuyimfuneko ukuphepha imifanekiso yokunyaniseka yeminqweno kunye nempawu. Kuphela ngokuzilawula, ukukholelwa ngokuvumelana ne-algebra, ukuthetha ngomzekeliso, umntu unokubonisa ukuba unomdla kwizinto ezifanelekileyo. Akuyi kufana nobugcisa be-rococo. UAntonio wenza imisebenzi yakhe. Okokuqala kwi-wax, ngoko kubumba, ngoko kwi-gypsum. Kwaye emva koko kwaya kwi marble. Wayengumqhubi ongenakunyaniseki ongakhange ahambe kwi-workshop ngamahora angama-12-14.

Izifundo zamathambo

"Iintsika ezintathu" zenziwe phakathi kuka-1813 no-1816 ngokucela kukaJosephine Beauharnais. Kusenokwenzeka ukuthi uKanova wayefuna ukuchaza umfanekiso wesintu waseHarit, owawukhona kwiintetho zamaGrike namaRoma. Iintombi ezintathu zikaZeus - uAglaya, uEuphrosyne noThalia - ngokuqhelekileyo zihamba neAphrodite.

Ubuhle, uvuyo, ukuchuma kwazo iimpawu zabo. Amantombazana amabini agxininisa umgangatho ophakathi, ahlangene kunye nekhredithi, eqinisa ubunye balo manani. Kuyafaneleka ukuphawula ubukho be-column support-type, uhlobo lwesibingelelo, apho kufakwa khona i-wreath. Njengamanye emisebenzi yaseCanova, imizila evulekileyo yamalungu amabhinqa aphelileyo, ukugqitywa kwe-marble processing kubangela umdlalo wokukhanya nesithunzi. Ezi zintathu zoNcedo zimelela ubabalo, oluqondwa njengokuvumelanisa kwefom, ukulungiswa kunye nobabalo bezinto. Imvelaphi yiseHermitage.

Isitayela esingenakulinganiswa

Umdwebi wasebenzisa i-marble emhlophe, eboniswa ngeplastiki kunye nobabalo, ukucocwa nokulula. Imifanekiso yakhe ehambelanayo, ehlala ekuphumleni, kubonakala ngathi ivuselela ekuhambeni. Enye into ebonakalayo yetalente yakhe kukuba wayephosa yonke umsebenzi wokupholisa ukuya phezulu. Ngenxa yoko, banokukhanya okukhethekileyo, okugxininisa ekuqwalaseleni ubuhle bemvelo.

"Magdalene osukeleyo"

Imihla yokudweba ukusuka kwithuba eliphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1793 no-1796. Imvelaphi igcinwe eGenoa. Lo ngumsebenzi wokuqala womzekisi, owafika eParis ukuba abe nombukiso kwiSalon ngo-1808. Umntwana omhle noMariya Magdalena wawa ngamadolo phezu kwelitye. Umzimba wakhe uphukile, intloko yakhe ithambile ngakwesobunxele, amehlo akhe agcwele iinyembezi. Esandleni sakhe ubambelela esiphambanweni, apho angenakukukhupha khona amehlo akhe.

Unxibe ihembe leenyawo, elixhaswe yintambo, iinwele zakhe zinyanzelwanga ngamehlo akhe. Umzobo wonke ugcwele usizi. Izambatho kunye nomzimba zineengubo ezincinane eziphuzi. Lo mdwebi wayefuna ukugxininisa umahluko phakathi kwekhono lomntu ovela kumfanekiso, nolwazi olunzulu lwesono. Ngokucela ukuxolelwa nguThixo, ukuguquka, umbhali wayefuna ukuphakamisa indoda.

Ngethuba lokuhlala e-Italy yiNapoleon, imisebenzi eminingi yase-Itali yayithunyelwa eFransi. Emva kokuwa kolawulo, uCanova wathatha umsebenzi wezopolitiko ukuba abuyiselwe ezweni lakubo. Umsebenzi wezobiwe kunye nokungekho mthethweni ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwemithetho ngenxa yeemvavanyo zakhe zabuyiselwa. UPapa uPius VII njengomqondiso wokubulela ukuthanda ubutyebi wamnika isihloko seMarquis saseIschia di Castro. Ngoko ke kwakungalindelekanga kwakha i-biography ka-Antonio Canova.

UKanova wasweleka ngo-Oktobha 13, 1822. Wangcwatyelwa engcwabeni, eyadalwa yedwa kwikhaya lakhe ePos. Intliziyo yakhe ingcwatywe ngokwahlukileyo.

Umfundi unikezwa ngokufutshane umsebenzi kunye ne-biography ka-Antonio Canova.