Therapy Electroconvulsive in zengqondo. Ziveza, imiphumela

Namhlanje, abantu abaninzi baye beva yale ndlela zonyango njengoko electroshock okanye unyango electroconvulsive. Le nkqubo kungenxa filimu igama elibi. Kodwa izinto ngendlela izinto enyanisweni, ukuba okanye hayi olu hlobo unyango kuyingozi kwaye ezoyikekayo ukuze, njengoko ngaye?

Luhlobo luni inkqubo?

Xa kwenziwe unyango electroconvulsive, ingqondo yomguli ngokusebenzisa ezahlukeneyo amandla yangoku sidlulile - ukusuka milliamps 200 ukuya 1600. ombane yayo volts 70 ukuya 400 ubude sesichengeni ingadluli imizuzwana embalwa, amaqhezu imizuzwana idla kuphela. La mandla ibangela ukugula. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba idosi wazala xi ngamnye, ngokuxhomekeke impendulo yesigulane. Iseshoni kuphumelela ukuba unalo ixesha ekuthatheni imizuzwana 25. Ukuze afeze oku unyango kwiitempile ababebandakanyekile i electrode zifakelwe. Ngamanye amaxesha ziyaxhonywa ngaphambili kunye umva yentloko. Amaza zombane idla kuvunyelwa kuphela elinye icala ebuchotsheni. Electrode indawo iya kuxhomekeka isifo yomntu, ngokuba ukutshintsha umda wobuchopho kwi iSifo ezahlukeneyo.

Phambi kokuba inkqubo, umguli angangena ichiza elo paralyzes yonke inkqubo dystrophy okwexeshana. La manyathelo ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana akukho aphule amathambo abo ngexesha lokudlula umbane ebuchotsheni. Oku kubonisa ukuba ECT ebangela kakhulu shake-up yonke eziphilayo. Ukongeza, intlanganiso ngokuyimfuneko eyenziwa phantsi Ukubulawa jikelele.

Kodwa ukuze ukuba nothuke enjalo, iingcali azikho umbane kuphela. Ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango, igesi inhalants kusetyenziswa (yokuqamba bephefumla ngokusebenzisa imaski) kunye neendlela yemichiza (ezilawulwa kwesikhumba ngenaliti). Isiphumo kula machiza ke ukuxhathisa zombane. Iingcali zithi ukuba unyango kungenxa nematha ngexesha sokuwa, kwaye nokuba yintoni iindlela zibizwa (ngokusebenzisa imaski, inaliti, okanye kukothuka).

Kutheni ukwenza olu unyango?

Ngowe-1938 yena wanikela unyango electroconvulsive njengendlela ndahlukane ngesifo sengqondo. Kwakhona, le nkqubo ijolise ukunceda nezigulane ezehlelwa kwezinye ethile isigulo sengqondo. Kodwa kule minyaka kuye kwacaca ukuba le ndlela Impatho olusebenzayo kwimeko ngesifo sengqondo, kodwa inika iziphumo ezihle jini. Abanye oogqirha bathi le ndlela ndahlukane yezi ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kakhulu, kuba malunga nama-75% ezigulane bafumana bachache luvela iimpawu zokugula yabo.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba unyango wokuziphatha

Zininzi ithi apho isithembiso ukubamba ikhondo unyango. Kodwa kubhaliwe kuzo zonke ezine iintlobo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, apho le nkqubo yabelwa kuthomalaliso electroconvulsive qho ngexesha likaxakeka. Ezi ziquka:

• Depression, apho kutyhilwa wayenxanelwe ukuzibulala umnqweno ukuphumeza ukuzenzakalisa.
• catatonia Febrile.
• Yimeko apho umguli ngenkani uyala ukufumana amanzi okanye ukutya.
• syndrome Neuroleptic amabi.

Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezibonisa apho unyango electroconvulsive ukuze akucetyiswa ukuba ikhethwe, kodwa ezi meko le nkqubo iya kwenziwa ngendlela ocwangcisiweyo. Ngaphezu koko, le ndlela zonyango isetyenziswa kuphela zengqondo, kodwa iziyobisi kunye namasimi luvo (umz, sokuwa, syndromes iintlungu).

unyango ukudangala

Eyona nto idla ngokusetyenziswa unyango electroshock nokudakumba. Kuye kwasekwa ukuba esi sifo sibangelwa yi kweesiginali exchange nomdlandla phakathi kwiindawo ebuchotsheni ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, injongo ugqirha ukuya kufuneka ibe ukuphazamisa ezi ubudlelwane kunye nokubuyisela ukutya yesiqhelo. Bakholelwa ukuba umntu uxhuzula ezibangelwa ngamaza ombane, ukunciphisa inani amakhonkco nomdlandla phakathi kwamalungu obuchopho onoxanduva wesimo, ingqondo kunye nokucinga.

Ukulungiselela unyango

Ukuze ukuqhubeka nale ndlela unyango, kufuneka enze le manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Uphando epheleleyo imeko luvo kunye yesigulana.
2. It is a iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nomchamo eqhelekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, uhlalutyo igazi zengqo- lwenziwa ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.
3. Luvavanya umsebenzi kwengqondo.
4. Kwagqirha inkqubo sentliziyo wafunda electrocardiogram.
5. Uqikelelo umsebenzi weentshukumo malunga nesigulane eso.

Nayo iye yabamba iqela ezinye iziganeko, ezifana ekuyekeni ekudleni, kunye namayeza athile ukwamkela izigulane kunyango.

Kwakhona, koko inkolelo ethandwayo ukuba uthomalaliso electroconvulsive kwi zengqondo inyanzelisa, le nkqubo uqhubeke kuphela ngemvume amaqela abaya. Isigulana ngokobuqu kufuneka lithathe isigqibo kwaye asayine ifomu ukukhululwa. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isimo sengqondo kunzima kakhulu, yaye akazange akwazi ukunika impendulo yam. Kulo mzekelo, i umgcini isizalwane okanye ingaba ndivumelana le nkqubo. Kodwa isigqibo na, ndisiya ibhunga oogqirha abanikela nesiphelo.

Nezihlandlo unyango

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uthomalaliso electroconvulsive kwi zengqondo kudluliselwa izifundo eziza kubandakanya iiseshoni ezininzi. esasidla yabo yahlukile ngokuxhomekeke lizwe kunye ekliniki, apho unyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo iveki isigulane iiseshoni ezimbini okanye ezintathu wenziwe. Ubude khosi nge-avareji iiveki ezine. Kwezinye izigulane, ukuphucuka kwenzeka kakhulu ngaphambili, yaye ngamanye amaxesha Akwanelanga kwiiveki nje ezimbini. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphucuka akuzange kwenzeke wambi emva 20 unyango. Kodwa wabona ukuba iiseshoni zokuqala 12 Uzikhulule karhulumente ngaphandle emhlabeni, unyango ngoko ngakumbi ngale ndlela lwaphela.

imiphumela

Le ndlela unyango ukhadinali, yena, ke, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ukuba phambi kwexesha nasemva kwexesha. Kule ukuphazamiseka Kwimeko yokuqala kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva ekupheleni kweseshoni okanye ngethuba kuyo. Ezi ziquka fit okwathatha engaqhelekanga, nto leyo ifuna uphazamiseko ngokukhawuleza inkqubo nokuqaliswa iziyobisi ezithile. Kwakhona tachycardia zingavela ngexesha leseshoni. Ngaphezu koko, indlela inokuba ku zomzimba okanye ezinye iziyobisi esetyenziselwa unyango. Ubonakala ngokohlobo umoya (ukumisa ukuphefumla).

Ukongeza neziphumo okuqala ziquka intloko emva nkqubo, nto leyo lupheliswe ngoncedo ntlungu ukukhanya. Emva kokuba iwuthimbe lo imincili Inokwenzeka, isicaphucaphu, utshintsho uxinzelelo, umbuso isifo, kwakunye isiphithiphithi, ngokuthe ngcembe kudambe. Kodwa ke ukuba mkhulu kunye kwiseshoni yesiqhelo nganye. Imiphumo esibi kunazo ziquka isifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa.

ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ilanga kuvela emva kwexesha, emva iinkqubo eziliqela. Baza kukhula kuwo wonke lo nyaka, lo gama unyango electroconvulsive yenziwa. Imiphumo, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, okunokubonakaliswa ngokohlobo nokudideka ixesha elide. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kunesifo buso okanye neengxaki yokucinga.

imemori disorder

Ukuze ixesha elide kukho uluvo lokuba le nkqubo ekugqibeleni uya konakalisa ingqondo. Ngoko ke, izifundo ziye lwenziwa ukufumana ukuba yintoni imemori isuswa xa electroconvulsive unyango, yaye nayiphi na ukuphazamiseka kwindawo enye. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukunyhashwa kuqala kuvela emva kweseshoni yesithandathu. Kulo mzekelo, kunesifo ingase ibe uphawu eyahlukileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha isigulane nje akazange ukukhumbula ukuba waphathwa yile ndlela, kwaye kwezinye iimeko isampuli sibonwe bakhohlwe. Ngokomzekelo, umntu akazange akwazi ukukhumbula amagama okanye ezinye iinkcukacha. Ke zonke ezi iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho kwenzeka kuphela ezo izigulane phambi kokuba unyango kwi MRI zarekhodwa kwi subcortical izitshanguba umcimbi emhlophe ngamandla ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kweeveki ezimbalwa emva koko, inkumbulo kwezi zigulane wachacha ngokupheleleyo, nangona abanye basaza iqaphele ukuba njengenxalenye iziganeko abo obomi sele bucinyiwe, ngonaphakade.

Ingaba ikhona Izimo

Lo mbuzo zivele ngenxa eziliqela side effects, kwezinye iimeko, unyango electroconvulsive akwamkelekanga. Isimanga, kodwa Izimo elililo le ndlela yonyango, oogqirha musa ukubiza. Ngeli lixa kwangaxesha nye, oogqirha abaninzi bazama ukuba balumke, kuba kukho imeko yomguli phantsi apho ezi nkqubo kungabangela ukufa umguli. Ezi ziquka:

• Idluliselwe a iposi engabalulekanga (kufuneka kudlule iinyanga ezintathu).
• BP Intracranial.
• Ukopha esiswini.
• Pheochromocytoma.
• Ubukho yamathumba ingqondo (uhlobo ebhalwe ngayo imvelaphi).
• Kwimeko yeengxaki ezinxulumene nobuhlanga ku zomzimba.

Kodwa ke, ngaphandle konke oku, kukho imeko apho ngexesha nkqubo, kufuneka athathe amanyathelo eyongezelelweyo ukunciphisa umngcipheko iingxaki ezinzulu.