Temple of Artemis e-Efese - enye ebalulekileyo yehlabathi

Temple of Artemis e-Efese libhekisela omnye ezisixhenxe ezimangalisayo ehlabathini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, oko kubekwe phezu kummandla Turkey mihla, kufuphi nesixeko Kusadasi. ekwakhiweni kwayo lalisele likho 560 BC, xa umlawuli yokugqibela Lidii Krez wagqiba ukwakha itempile engayiwayo unqulo-Artemis, isithixokazi inyanga, patroness amantombazana aselula kunye nezilwanyana.

A indawo ukwakhiwa umlawuli wengcwele andinyulanga ngengozi, kuba ukususela kumaxesha amandulo kuso izithethe ezahlukeneyo izithethe zonqulo. Umhlaba Soft boggy yaba ukukhusela indlu ka-Artemis ukusuka rhoqo kummandla umothuko wamva.

The basic eziphathekayo ukuze kwakhiwe itempile wakhonza lekalika naziiperile into geni ezintabeni yasekuhlaleni. Kwakukho eyakhelwe umthwalo-sithwele imihlathi malunga 120 nezemarmore, oya kufikelela eziphakamileyo ayi-20. Bona izilingo iibhloko enkulu ukuba ebotshwe ndawonye ngeentonga yesinyithi.

Izinto kuba Uphahla imiqadi yomsedare kunye iingcango eyenziwe ngomthi, ngokukodwa sihlangulwe eSipro. Uphahla wetempile-Artemis zange wambu nodongwe naziiperile iithayile.

Ngaphakathi iindonga ibandla zagutyungelwa nemàbhula. Kugqityiwe look zokuhombisa babanika Amagcisa wazoba iindonga izihombo ezahlukeneyo. Imifanekiso ezenziwe ngobhedu zadalwa nomkroli odumileyo Phidias, kunye Kresilusom Polikletisom. Xa iziko yetempile oyintsobi omkhulu uArtemis. Legend yokuba oko ukuphakama malunga-18 eemitha, kwaye mfanekiso ngokwayo wenziwa ngokupheleleyo zeendlovu, futhi ngaphakathi ngegolide.

Temple of Artemis e-Efese wayengomnye izakhiwo ezininzi ngexesha layo, yaye amaxesha amaninzi ezinkulu kuno ubungakanani yesiGrike iParthenon eAthene. itempile Platform Artemis ifikelele kubude eemitha 131 nobubanzi obuziimitha 79. Around zayo imikrozo emibini columns namhlophe.

Kwetempile egqalwa njengeziko lizimele, abagxotha ukukhwela ababingeleli kuye. Nabani na wazifumana engaxhobanga waya kummandla engcwele ka-Artemis, bafumana nezifo. Itempile nabo bakhonza ngabemi ebhankini kunye ubuncwane. imali yabo bagcinwa abantu labucala kunye norhulumente, namaPersi kwanamaGrike.

kwiminyaka engama-200 kamva, endlwini ka-Artemis e-Efese yatshatyalaliswa (ngowama-356 BC). Lakhe Gerostat wayitshisa ababefuna nje bonke kuthetha ukuba odumileyo. Abasemagunyeni sixeko ziye zavalwa ukubiza igama umhlaseli, kungekhona ukuze afeze iphupha lakhe. Kodwa Herostrat bezisa ebomini icebo bakhe, ekubeni amawaka eminyaka kamva igama lakhe usakhunjulwa.

Emva kweminyaka embalwa uAleksandr Makedonsky watyelela Efese Bay waza wayalela ukubuyisela emanxuweni etempileni. Heyrokrat Ukwakha wenziwe, womzobi Greek. Ngexesha imisebenzi uye wenza utshintsho kuyilo yabo: wamvusa Isigaba endlwini ka-Artemis e-Efese Exanda kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukeneyo abunjwe malunga kuye kwiinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo. Ukusungulwa kumabhodlo engcwele kuye kwayinto ezintle mkhulu ngakumbi amela ngaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu.

Ngoko ke, wabakho ngaphambi kokuba BC kwekhulu III Ngokuthe ngcembe udaka bay skid Efese yaye kamva limisiwe yi ngamaGoth.

Xa uTheodosius I endlwini ka-Artemis e-Efese zivaliwe ngokupheleleyo phantsi utyelelo kuba umlawuli wawukwalela inkcubeko yobuhedeni. Inxalenye ngamasuntswana okuyilwa ngentsimbi ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha nezinye izakhiwo. Xa ibandla Hagia Sophia, ibekwe kwisixeko eConstantinople, ezinye imiqolo porfirovanye zafakelwa.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, engcweleni kuhlala unyamalale ngokupheleleyo kwi Umgxobhozo, yaye indawo yazo kumi omnye umhlathi ngokutsha, yaye ezinye iziqwenga wenqwelwana. Abembi bezinto zakudala wathatha engaphezu kweshumi, lokuphinda imbonakalo wokuqala kanye zobungangamela, isakhiwo.