Svyaschennoispovednik Afanasiy Saharov nemisebenzi yakhe

esengumntwana nolutsha, St Afanasiy Saharov, ubhishophu elizayo yeCawa Orthodox kunye mangcwaba iintshukumo itshantliziyo Russian, kwaye ehlabathini - Sergey G., kuqhutyelwa kwisixeko engcwele Vladimir. Iimvavanyo neembandezelo ukusuka ebuntwaneni walinisela isichotho phezu kwakhe. Kodwa ke bume ezinjalo eziphilayo a anzima, ngokuthe ngcembe ekhula, kwaye wafumana amandla akhe ubabalo ukuba ukushumayela kwixesha elizayo.

ekuqaleni kakhulu uyise lwentsapho wabhubha, kunye Afanasiy Saharov wafumana konke ukuba luncedo ukuba entry ofanelekileyo phakathi kwakhe umphefumlo yamaOthodoki unina wakhe. Ngapha koko, yena wayefuna ukubona unyana ka yimonki, ngokuba yena uSergiyo ubomi sonke nombulelo gqitha kuye.

Wayekuthanda kufunda isonto kwaye umthwalo inkonzo elide yindinisa. Umlawuli elizayo iinkonzo wabona iqondo eliphezulu ukuthandaza kuYehova, leyo yena wayemthanda ngentliziyo yakhe yonke, nangomphefumlo wakho wonke. Nangona Ndandisemncinci kakhulu, wayevakalelwa kukuba bekuya kuba umlungiseleli webandla kunye noontanga babo, ngesibindi boyish isifuba ukuba iba ngubhishophu.

Afanasiy Saharov: Life

Sergey wazalwa ngoJulayi 2, (style endala) ngo-1887 kwilali kwiphondo Parevka Tambov. Igama likatata wakhe yaba Gregory, waba oyinzalelwane Suzdal kwaye wasebenza njengomcebisi wenkundla, kunye nomama wakhe - Matron - weza evela abalimi. Bahlala ke kwisixeko Vladimir.

usapho lwabo yayihlonelwa ngenxa yenceba yakhe namasiko abangcwele. Kwi oku, umhlaba ochumileyo kungenelwe kubo isipho onge yokomoya, unyana wakhe okuphela kwamzeleyo, lowo ogama lakhe behlonipha abadala St. Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Sergei, ezifana saint wakhe umxhasi, sympathizer yelizwe Russian, zizakubalulwa uthando lokuzincama yeCawa kwaye nangenxa iLizwe loobawo.

Yaye ngoxa ubomi Waqhubeka. Lo mfana wafunda oyimfakamfele womluki, waze waqala ukuthunga kwaye uyiluke izambatho yabafundisi. Ezi italente nabalulamileyo kamva weza sibe luncedo ngexesha kwiinkampu amakhonkco xa yenziwe izambatho icon. Ngenye imini, wade kwafuneka ukulungiselela intlawulo ezikhethekileyo ngokubetha ngenxa yenkonzo ezinkonzweni ukuba amabanjwa entolongweni.

ekufundeni

Funda umfana uSergiyo Pawulos kwakungelula, kodwa yena akazange lithemba, waza wasebenza nzima. Kungekudala emva koko, balinde Vladimir Seminary, ngoko eMoscow Theological Academy, apho wagqiba kakhulu ngempumelelo. Noko ke, lo mfana osindayo, ekubeni ngemvelo wokuthobeka, njengoko befitted kuba incwadi seal ngokwenene yokuthandaza ezizweni zonke. Ngowe-1912 waba tonsured ngegama Athanasius, yaye kungekudala waba ngumbingeleli.

Ngakumbi ngenyameko inkosi Afanasiy Saharov bafunda kunye nemibuzo zonqulo hagiology. Yena uyayiphulaphula kakhulu imibhalo iincwadi zonqulo yaye basoloko bezama ukuqonda intsingiselo yamagama ezinzima, ephawula phezu kwabo bangenazimvo zeencwadi ingcaciso.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Ukanti umfundi wesikolo Shumsky, wabhala svyatochtimoy tropar Shuya-ESmolensk icon ye sidumisa. Ku kuqala ukuba waqamba ingoma zonqulo. A isincoko lolwazi yena wabhala othi "Le meko yomphefumlo okholwayo le leNzila Triodion", sele uthetha yokuba umbhali waba ulwazi enkulu kwimiba ecaweni Hymnology.

umthantamisi wakhe wokuqala zokomoya utitshala waba uBhishophu Vladimirskiy uNikolay (Nalimov), apho ngonaphakade uya kuhlala memory mabaziphathe. Ke Afanasiy Saharov wathabatha phezu amava yokomoya Umphathi le Moscow Theological Academy - a wayengazibandezi engqongqo neyaziwa-kakuhle wezakwalizwi, uBhishophu Theodore (Pozdeevsky), apho kamva tonsured yimonki kunye ierodiakonom esingelwe phantsi kwaye ulandele umbingeleli celibate.

revolution

ukuthobela ibandla lakhe inkosi Afanasiy Saharov waqalisa kunye Poltava Theological Seminary, apho wazibonakalisa ungumfundisi abanetalente. Kodwa ke amandla osiyazi ke ezifunyenwe ngexesha Seminary Vladimir, apho wazibonakalisa njengegama akholwa likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo, umshumayeli weendaba ezilungileyo. Kwaye ngoko Diocesan Board of ngokubeka uxanduva urhulumente ukushumayela kule mabandla.

Xa Russian Revolution waduma, Hieromonk Athanasius wayeneminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Kwi babizwa ngokuba "ngeenkongolo Diocesan" buqala ukuba niphakamise iintloko zabo abantu abamelene kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya.

Ngo-1917 kule isigodlo St. uSergiyo wahlanganisa abameli eziphambili zonke nezigodlo. Kule iBhunga weNgingqi we-Russian Church (1917-18.) Wayesiya indela Athanasius, abakhetha ukuba basebenze kwisebe imiba zonqulo. Malunga nelo xesha, eSt Afanasiy Saharov wayesebenza phezu "Inkonzo wakhe odumileyo All Saints apha aqaqambileyo Land Russian.

Inzondo uhlekisa

Revolution zinjengesaqhwithi eyoyikekayo, baphalaze neelwandle egazini zamaKristu. urhulumente wesizwe Souped baqalisa ayiphange iitempile, atshabalalise abefundisi kunye bamsinekela izinto ezingcwele abangcwele. iziprofeto usongo St. Ioanna Kronshtadtskogo kuzaliseka, yaye ukufa yobukumkani Russian kuza. Ukususela ngoku, yajika yaba igquba of amaRoma, intiyo, yaye babulalana kwabodwa.

Ngowe-1919, Vladimir, njengoko kwizixeko ezininzi Russian, waqala ukuvulwa zokwalatha na izinto ezingcwele ukuba abantu bengena nesicukucezo. Ukumisa ezi ezingaphucukanga kakubi seal Athanasius, intloko noVladimir abefundisi, wafumana ukhuselo Kwingcingane Cathedral.

Itempile phezu iitafile izinto ezingcwele seal Athanasius kunye acolyte Potapov Alexander, xa athe wavula umnyango phambi yendimbane, wathi: "Makabongwe uThixo wethu, 'yaye impendulo yaba:". Amen " Waqalisa inkonzo umthandazo kwabangcwele ezingcwele Vladimir. Leyo ke yindlela yenu efanelekileyo abe umbhiyozo esinyanisekileyo kwisihlwele ihlekisa oyifunayo. Abantu wangena etempileni waza waqalisa ukuthandaza ngentlonipho, wabeka amakhandlela kufutshane izinto ze anike abazibiza.

vicegerent

Kungekudala yiSakharov sele elikwinqanaba Archimandrite wanikela ibamba Bogolyubsky yoonongendi yamandulo kunye Vladimir wokuzalwa of ungowokubongwa Virgin. Elinye lamanqaku kugqiba kubomi Bishop ke waba ukuqeshwa kwakhe Bishop UmMeli Kovrov Vladimir eso sithili. Yena abanikezele yokumisela elizayo uMphathi All Russia , Metropolitan Vladimirskiy Sergy (Starogorodskiy).

Kodwa ke kukho enye ingxaki eyoyikekayo kwaye intlungu gqitha saint feat Bishop Athanasius, nto leyo ukulwa eyoyikekayo nabasemagunyeni nenkcaso abangakholwayo kunye intshabalalo yabo ekujoliswe kunye nokuvalwa amabandla - kuba uqhekeko "Renovationism", nto leyo ebizwa ngokuba kuphuculo yeCawa Orthodox Russian.

Le mbewu bahlwayelweyo phambi revolution. Nalapho ke beqhuba umsebenzi ngokucokisekileyo wolungiselelo phakathi kweendonga zezikolo zonqulo kunye nezenkolo kunye bulumko, eziye kuhlawulwa kwinkcazelo abefundisi, eyapapashwa phakathi nezazi. Kodwa iinkokeli Renovationists wathembela ikakhulu conformists kunye abagxeki.

St. Afanasiy Saharov ngenzondelelo balwa Renovators kwaye hayi kangako ngenxa yeenkolelo zabo heretical njengoko ukuwexuka iBandla likaKristu, ngenxa yesono kaYuda - ukungcatshwa ezandleni wabasiki Kwafika, abefundisi namarhamente.

Umshumayeli enkulu kunye nebanjwa

Master wachazela ibandla lakhe ukuba kwanabo bachasa episcopate eziphefumlelweyo, nelikhokelwa ngu uBhishophu Tikhon, ayengavunyelwa ukuba enze amiswa, kunye neetempile apho kukho ubomi, ngaphandle kobabalo.

Svyaschennoispovednik Afanasiy Saharov re icawa eyinqambi mbuka. Eveza abo abazange baguquke ayala ukuba baguquke. Uye Akuvunyelwe umhlambi wakhe ukuba ukunxibelelana Renovators, kodwa musa kubondla ulunya ukuze zifake ooAshera, njengoko umoya oyingcwele uhlala amakholwa Orthodox kuphela.

Lo soqobo msebenzi akanakuhlala kunivuza abasebenzi yorhulumente omtsha, yaye ngoMatshi 30, 1922 bangamajoni umbingeleli wabanjwa okokuqala. imeko lwabo entolongweni, eBishop Afanasiy Saharov akuthathwa kungumthwalo ngokuba "yokwambathisa ka bhubhane Renovationist."

Uninzi bonke kwakhe ukhathazekile malunga abo bahlala kwi inkululeko nokubandezeleka ezingenakubalwa Renovationists intlondi bentshontsho. indlela yakhe yokulwa lwakhiwe ngenxa ilahla entolongweni: Vladimir (Vladimir mmandla.), Taganskaya kunye Butyrskaya (eMoscow), Turukhansk (Krasnoyarsk Territory) neenkampu: Solovki kunye Onega (. kummandla Arkhangelsk), White Sea-Baltic (Karelia), i Mariinsky ( Kemerovo mmandla.), Temnikov (Mordovia), njl

igama lakhe lokugqibela kwaphela November 9, 1951 kuphela, xa wayeneminyaka engamashumi amathandathu anesine. Nokuba ke, uphi bakhe nokwenzeka ziyimfihlo ngokupheleleyo. Emva kokukhululwa kwakhe, sele umntu omdala wagula kakhulu abekwe kwikhaya lokonga kwilali Potma (Mordovia) phantsi kweliso elibukhali, ayahlukanga ukusuka kweminquba.

ephetha

Ekupheleni kwale 30 wabanjwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo yaye agwetyelwe ukufa, kodwa ngokungummangaliso wakwazi ukubaleka ukufa. Ekuqaleni imfazwe amaNazi amthumela kwinkampu Onega. Yaye amabanjwa eqongeni ngeenyawo, ngokwabo amrholela izinto, indlela nzima kwaye belambile. Saint ndandibuthathaka kakhulu ukuba phantse wafa, kodwa uThixo wamsindisa kwakhona.

Emva kwiinkampu Onega saint uthunyelwe ekuthinjweni elingenammiselo kummandla Tyumen. Ngo kwenye yeefama kufuphi yokusebenza Golyshmanovo kwilali wayesebenza emiyezweni abe ngumlindi ebusuku, yaye emva koko wathunyelwa kwisixeko Ishim, apho ke sasinda, enkosi kwiindlela nabahlobo babo nabantwana bokomoya.

Ebusika 1942 ubhishophu kwi izimemezelo lobuxoki indulumbane eMoscow, apho wancinwa iinyanga ezintandathu (njengesiqhelo, ebusuku). Le imibuzo emide kunye imini, imini, ubukho iiyure ezisithoba. Kodwa ubhishophu akazange anikezele nawaphi na amagama yaye abazange basayine uvumo lobuxoki. Wanikwa ithuba leminyaka esi-8 iminquba Mariinsky (kummandla Kemerovo.). Kwiindawo kakubi kakhulu ngayo iintshaba ezizinzululwazi ngamandla eSoviet. Ngoko ke abantu wamisela umsebenzi dirtiest kunye nzima.

Ngehlobo lowe-1946 kwi-Priste kwakhona wabalahla, kwaye kwakhona sakhutshelwa eMoscow, kodwa kungekudala yatshintsha umcebi wakhe, ubhishophu wathunyelwa kwinkampu Temnikov (Mordovia). Apho wakhonza de kube sekupheleni. impilo yakhe kuphe- akukho msebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni, akaba nako ukuyenza; Noko ke, ngobuchule imicu iimbadada. Emva konyaka koko wathunyelwa Dubrovlag (Mordovia efanayo), apho St. Athanasius akazange ukusebenza ubudala kwakunye nemeko yempilo yakhe.

ukholo Igcina

St. Afanasiy Saharov akazange nokholo eNkosini Ndisoloko ndimbulela ngobubele bakhe enkulu ubunzima kancinane ukuba kuye. Umsebenzi kule nkampu babesoloko amandla futhi oyingozi ngenxa-mthetho nobundlobongela kunye ulisela. Ngenye imini, xa wakhonza umqokeleli, yena iqhekeziwe, kunye nabasemagunyeni ziye isohlwayo esiqatha phezu kwakhe, waza wongezelela unyaka ukuya kumhla.

Solovki Afanasiy Saharov, ubhishophu Kovrov, waphathwa yesifo, kwaye kwakhona wayelindelwe lokufa kwakhe, kodwa inceba enkulu kaThixo, kwaza kwakhona ukuze baphile.

Ezintolongweni nakwiinkampu, wayesoloko wayigcina yedolophu ibandla. Wada ikwazile ukugcina ngokuzila engqongqo, wafumana abathile ithuba ukupheka ukutya leNzila yakhe.

Kwabanye waba confessor, nje nangokunyanisekileyo konwatyiswa bona abo babuyela kuye uncedo kunye nenkxaso. E idle kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ukubamba, asoloko basebenza amanqaku zonqulo, ezihonjiswe amaso kunye icons iphepha wakhangela emva abagulayo.

ngeke

Matshi 7, 1955 St. Athanasius ekugqibeleni wakhululwa amazinyo-Polyansky isitulo ekhaya. Waya kuqala kwisixeko Tutaev (kummandla Yaroslavl), yaye emva koko waya kwidolophana Petushki kummandla Vladimir.

Kwakubonakala ukuba ngokusesikweni ezamahala, kodwa abasemagunyeni rhoqo amanqina izenzo zakhe. Elalini wayevunyelwa ukuba ukukhonza etempileni kuphela emva iingcango ezivaliweyo ngaphandle zivatho ubhishophu ngayo. Kodwa akukho nto bayazoyika Afanasiy Saharov. Imithandazo eNkosini wamnika intuthuzelo, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - ithemba losindiso.

Ngowe-1957, umtshutshisi le Vladimir kummandla rassledovnie kwakhona uqale ishishini lakhe ngowe-1936. Mfundisi kwakhona walinda ukuba ancinwe. izizathu zalo zokhuseleko akazange nemiphumo ngokwalo yayingaphelele kunye abaphandi, ngoko akazange aguquke.

intshutshiso wobuNgcwele kunye ezintsha

Le minyaka yokugqibela inkosi yakhe bafumana uvuyo olukhulu kunqulo kwi Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra, apho kanye makaselenquthulwa nokunquthulwa. Izihlandlo ezininzi concelebrated kunye uBhishophu Alexy (Simanska). Xa ngomhla ngenye yeenkonzo nebandla lonke abanquli waphawula ukuba ngexesha UNYAKA ncwadi umdala ngokungathi inxitywa kakuhle amandla ethile - iinyawo zakhe abachukumisa emgangathweni.

Kwafika iminyaka ekuthiwa-Khrushchev obuhle, Noko ke, baqalisa kwisigaba olutsha intshutshiso silinene yeCawa Orthodox.

Nkosi ngeli xesha ndayandisa imithandazo yabo phezu saint umxhasi Russian kunye Russia Makabongwe Virgin Mary. Akazange afune ukuba ziphambuke kumzabalazo wokulwa ububi izayo, yaye ngoko nangoko wazama ukubuza, wamiselwa ngubhishophu abangabancedani. Noko ke, ngenxa yempilo kakhulu akazange avumele ukuba aqhubeke ubulungiseleli bakhe esidlangalaleni. Kodwa akazange amandla. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwiinkampu nasezintolongweni, yena wazaliswa ngobabalo lukaThixo ndiyinto ugcino namandla, kwaye njalo isifundo esibuhlungu umphefumlo.

Yaba amagumbi engwevu ukungcungcuthekiswa mnyama, wadala ebalaseleyo ngengqiqo zonqulo inkonzo kubo bonke abangcwele Russian. ukuphelela kwalo yazuza emva kwengxoxo kunye namabanjwa zabefundisi, abo babehleli ndawonye naye kwizisele. Enye yezi koobhishophu bakhe uBhishophu Abakwenzayo Faddey, lowo lamiselwa yiCawa nje ngegorha.

Afanasiy Saharov: ukundikhumbula imibhalo kwabafileyo kunye nezinye

Emva kokufa unina seNkosi, yena kuyalelwa ukuba babhale imithandazo yakhe emininzi, yaye ke wazalwa umsebenzi wakhe angundoqo "On Yonke Imiphefumlo 'kwi Charter of Centre Human Rights". Lo msebenzi kakhulu ngu Metropolitan KIRILL (Smirnov).

Ngo-Agasti 1941, eSt Athanasius waye "moleben le looBawo", nto leyo yazaliswa ngamandla akhethekileyo ukuthandaza nguquko enzulu.

Ebudeni bexesha elide lokuvalelwa, wasebenza ezinjalo peniyami inkonzo ngomthandazo "Malunga ngubani basebubini, yaye ezahlukeneyo obstoyaniyah", "Malunga iintshaba abakuthiyayo nathi ephosakeleyo," "Malunga abo ezintolongweni kunye entolongweni", "ukuphelisa imfazwe kunye uxolo emhlabeni wonke "" Enkosi amalizo ukwenza. " Zizo ezo engundoqo imisebenzi Afanasiya Saharova. Saint wacula imithandazo yabo kuThixo kwanaxa emasangweni okufa, waza uNdikhoyo walondoloza ubomi ngumlungiseleli ukuba iCawa Lezwe.

Iminyaka ukwaphulwa kwetyala akazange ukholo, kodwa kuphela ngakumbi wayithenga. Ukuvuma imini nobusuku kaKristu, engcwele Ndandithandana umphefumlo wakhe abathobekileyo ukukhanya ngumoya kaThixo, nto leyo ke lungekho ehlabathini. Xa oku kukhanya, waza watsala abantu bevela macala onke.

Ngamnye Wazithuthuzela nokuthula kumphefumlo. Badibana indoda ezele ngomthandazo enkulu engapheliyo, ukuze umntu ngamnye. Akazange isikhalazo elidlulileyo entolongweni kwaye nganye ukufumana amazwi intuthuzelo, uthando nobubele. Master kwabelwane ngamava abo, ebonisa intsingiselo zeVangeli kunye nobomi abangcwele. Iincwadi Afanasiya Saharova baba iincwadi esalathisi abefundisi kunye nabantu Orthodox.

Emva kokuqukunjelwa, njengoko yagcinwa khona abangama-22, lo saint zafumana iincwadi amakhulu aliqela ngonyaka. Kuba isidlo esikhulu iKrismesi neIsta wathumela iipasile ileta abasweleyo nokuthuthuzela. abantwana yokomoya uYehova wathi ngaye ukuba ilula kakhulu nangenyameko kakhulu ukunxibelelana, ngazo naziphi na, nkqu inkonzo elincinane, wazama kangangoko wayenako kubuyekeza.

Wayephila ngokuthozama, kwaye imbonakalo ungumntu na le nto iphambili kuye. Uzuko nembeko nayo ibalulekile ngaye, wafundiswa ukuba baphile ivangeli kwaye ukwenza okulungileyo, ukuze ufumane iziqhamo umvuzo ezulwini.

Ukufa Ukumiselwa

Ngo-Agasti 1962, Mfundisi waqala ukulungiselela ekufeni. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ukuba baphume Malibongwe Laura ngale mihla kuphawula isikhumbuzo amahlanu yezifungo emishini UmMeli Archimandrite Pimen, umphathi Archimandrite Theodoret, umphathi kunye confessor uCyril. Ngale mini, njengoko kwakunjalo ngoLwesine, saint yaba kwimo nolonwabo wamsikelela abo babekho. ukufa ngoLwezihlanu wasondela kuye, yaye akaba saba ukuthetha, wathandaza kuphela yena. Xa kwahlwa, yena cwaka wathetha la mazwi: "Umthandazo kunisindisa nonke!", Ke isandla sakhe babhala phezu kwengubo: "Ndisindise, Nkosi".

Ngowe-1962, ngo-Oktobha 28 eluvukweni ngemini yomthendeleko St. Ioanna Suzdalskogo indoda endala bahanahanisi ngoxolo kuYehova. Ngeyure kunye imini yakhe wafa, wayesazi kwangaphambili. umbono wakhe Bishop Afanasiy Saharov hide uhlangabezana kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, yaye emva koko kuphela ukwenzela ukunceda abanye.

Ngo-2000, igama lakhe lamiselwa Cathedral Arihiereyskim xa kobuso New Martyrs kunye kwezono Russian. Namhlanje ku Petushki kukho ibandla apho wayethandaza Afanasiy Saharov. Izinto ezingcwele engcwele yaye ukungonakali nayo igcinwe khona, zinceda abantu umthandazo wabo uncedo nokhuselo kuYehova.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga ubomi saint inokufumaneka kwincwadi ethi "Yintoni le intuthuzelo enkulu ukholo lwethu", iqulathe ileta Ngokuphandle ye ngowokuqala enkulu St. Athanasius.