Stary Krym. Stary Krym. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo eCrimea Old

Old eCrimea - yayisisixeko kummandla wasempumalanga losingasiqithi iCrimea, ibekwe phezu komlambo Tchuruk-Su. Yasungulwa kwinkulungwane XIII, emva kokuba onke emathafeni eCrimea yaba yinxalenye ye-Golden mkhosi.

Ntlandlolo mzi kwathiwa Kyrym, yaye ngoko, ngokuthanda ngamaRoma, kwabemi Italian, oko kwazeka ngokuba Solkhat. Kamva yahlulwe kabini: lamaKristu, apho abavela niphile, amaSilamsi, nto leyo kwakuhlala khona loo Emir. Ngoko kukho isixeko kabini Kyrym-Solkhat.

indaba

Ngenxa Abarhwebi Italian abakhuthele urhwebo usingasiqithi, kungekudala Kyrym-Solkhat waba isixeko aqhuba kakuhle kwaye ibe liziko korhwebo kwi kwaqashwa Silk Road yokudibanisa Asia naseYurophu. Xa kwakukho Krymskoe Hanstvo, kwathiwa igama Eski Kyrym, gama elo elithetha "Endala Kyrym", yiyo loo igama ngoku kwakukho Old eCrimea.

geography

Uqhekekile umzi omi ecaleni entabeni Agarmysh, leyo kwi kwinxalenye esempuma iCrimea zentaba, kummango caba zeentaba iCrimea. Ukususela ngo-1975, oko wathi ngokusemthethweni yamagugu yendalo. Ukuya ngasempumalanga kuluhlu ntaba sinciphile kwaye lube mmandla. Ukusuka apha ngaselwandle yolula nomxokelelwane nasentshonalanga ezincinane, amalungiselelo ngathi fan, Zinokuxutywa iintlambo. Le uluhlu limele Feodosiyske melkogore ezininzi lwamawa aphezulu Biyuk-Yanyshar, Tepe OBA kunye Uzun Syrt.

indawo

Phambi kokubhiyozela wokungenela Russian uBukhosi Old eCrimea, ikhadi evumela ukuba ubone oku, saba kwisiza ngeendlela eziliqela kokuxhuma. Indlela Simferopol-Feodosia wadlula kumbindi wesixeko, ngomhla uCatherine Street. Ukususela ekupheleni lwempuma yeso sixeko, eSt George kaThixo Valley, indlela lweNkunkuma e Tsyurihtal koloni, ibe fiefdom isiJamani, kwaye ngaphaya kwentaba Agarmysh yindlela e Karasubazar, isixeko yorhwebo emikhulu. Enye indlela waqala ukusuka esitalatweni Bakatashskoy waza wathumela kwidolophu yaseBulgaria ka Koktebel needolophana Bakatash, Armatluk, Barakol kunye Imaret. Ke ekugqibeleni, wokugqibela, sesihlanu, izihlanganisi Old eCrimea Armenian monastery.

bokwakha

Ngenkulungwane ye-19, le dolophu kwakhiwa izindlu Russian, elihloniphekileyo zindlu ibali elinye-. Izakhiwo zazakhiwe Ak-Monayskogo lekalika, nto leyo ngokugqithiseleyo geni iikwari. Xa Kwazeka malunga uhambo olulandelayo eCrimea Russian uKumkanikazi uCatherine II, kwinxalenye yimbali ye Old eCrimea ukwakha ibhotwe litshe ithende, ukuba uwuthabathe lunozuko. Kukho kwakhona wakha Orthodox Cathedral.

Stary Krym iqulathe iindawo eziliqela ezineempawu ngenkcazo. iziko layo lalisele likho kumaxesha amandulo, ukuya kwixesha phambi ayehlasela AmaTatar aba ibandla kumaxesha, ukususela ngoku kumabhodlo kuphela. Ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi apha zamaSilamsi, imithombo, kunye caravanserai. ngoku Zonke izakhiwo amabhodlo.

Zonke ummandla kumntla-mpuma isixeko kuthatha Tatar. Main Street - Mechetnaya - ibandakanya enamagumbi amabini izindlu ezincinane zodaka nezinemigangatho ngodongwe. Eluphahleni izakhiwo ezinjalo ayikho top - zophahla tile lophahla. Kwicala mpuma we-Old iCrimea kwanamaGrike ubomi, indlu apho-eyakhiwe ngamatye enkulu ngakumbi, kuba inkoliso inxalenye ezinemigangatho emibini. Yaye phakathi kwe isiGrike ukubola izithili ahlala uluntu Armenian zendlu, ibandla aphakathi ezidilikileyo phakathi kwabo.

labantu

Eyona mihla sabulawa isahlulo yasentshona Old eCrimea, apho kweyisa zokwakha ipoma. izindlu Ukucoceka eyakhiwa isimbo lwamandulo bokwakha, zithathwa ukuba nezidanga umzi. Akumangalisi, amagcisa ezininzi Russian, iimbongi, ababhali wanikela igadi yabo ukusetyenziswa ngabo basweleyo. Ngokomzekelo, imbongi K. Cottage neendawo zokwakha waba ibhodi kwizigulane isifo sephepha. Abaninzi Abahlali azizityebi eMoscow St Petersburg bafudukela Old eCrimea, kwakha izindlu baze bahlale uxakeke umsebenzi wokunceda.

Russian ekhaya dacha swi esitratweni Bulgarian. ezakhiwe esibonakala neyantlukwano. Kwakukho into ukusuka pseudo-Moorish isimbo kunye classicism yephondo mihla. Njengoko nokuqhubeka kubumelwane Russian lizwe izindlu zokuhlala zakhiwa okwetyeli, lowo besilungiselelwe kubantu abadinga unyango lwezifo zangaphakathi. Ngasentshonalanga kubumelwane Russian ipoma iyikoloni yonke kwabemi Bulgarian, nto leyo ebizwa - Bolgarschina. Bekukho ekhaya isimbo yesizwe Bulgarian, icawa kunye nesikolo. Kule ndawo utyando ngokuqhubekayo imithombo ezintlanu ukusuka apho abahlali wathabatha amanzi kwiimfuno zekhaya.

yokuhlala Bulgarian

ikoloni Bulgarian baphila ubomi babo ngendlela ngaphandle, abantu bazama yonke into eziyimfuneko ukubonelela ngokwabo. Indlu nganye kwakhiwa barn iinkomo, efihlakeleyo, kunye njengeshedi encinane. Noko ke, abantu ukuphepha ukudibana nabanye abantu. Kwi mboniso Bulgarian, amalungiselelo kwindawo encinane kufuphi ibandla, ngeeCawa, ehamba zonke Stary Krym. Trade umsengi, ukwenza abahlobo abatsha, ukwakha nobudlelwane kwezoshishino. Yaba kungekho ngaphandle kwaye nobomi zobuqu ngabemi - umtshato mixed kwenzeka kaninzi.

Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo eCrimea Old

Esi sixeko ezinika ezininzi, eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kuzo ubume XIII-XIV iinkulungwane, xa owayesakuba Kyrym waye bamaziko iCrimea Yurt, imeko iCrimea AmaTatar akhulayo. Asasebenza Khan Uzbek Mosque. A kangako icala kukho omnye lokukhonzela Sultan zitha, nto leyo izakhiwo zonqulo indala ekusingasiqithi iCrimea. Ukuya ngasempumalanga kumbindi wesixeko kwakanye ibekwe zetyeleba kunye caravanserai omkhulu, ngaxesha lithile kwakukho elinamanci neenkamela. Kukwakho emanxuweni lokukhonzela Jami Kurshum.

Emzantsi-ntshona, iikhilomitha ezintlanu ukusuka kwidolophu Stary Krym, iifoto ezo thaca kwiphepha sifanele weemonki Armenian. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Holy Cross, Oko kuthetha "Cross Holy". isigodlo Ibambela bobabo Apostolic Armenian Church. Kukwakho amabhodlo kwenye eMonastri Armenian - St Stefanos.

Enye ezinika eziphambili kugqatso Old eCrimea n xa kuthathwa, nto leyo umbukiso weSixeko Museum of Literature. Le kholam ilitye isiseko isikwere kunye pommel libe ezilungiselelwe landscape indlela reference point. Ukongeza kule umboniso, kukho neentsika ezine kunye namagama afanayo, ukuba bonke eCrimea.

Kufuphi nedolophu Old eCrimea, ngasezantsi, lo ngowona mthombo St. Panteleimon i Martyr Omkhulu. Wakha ndlwana, leyo yakhiwa ngo-2001 ukuya ukubuyisela atshiswayo umlilo 1949.

"Green Road"

Ezinomtsalane kakhulu watyelela le Old eCrimea - i "Green Road". Umbhali Alexander wagqabhuka wayesoloko ehamba kule ndlela ngeenyawo waya Koktebel, apho ngelo xesha wayephila umhlobo osenyongweni Maximilian Voloshin. Le ndlela waqhubeka yena Voloshin, kwakunye oodade wakhe ukuhlangana Tsvetaeva, Sergei Efron, umfazi Zabolotskaya Mary Voloshin kaThixo, owandithandayo ukuhamba yedwa.

Old eCrimea, ukuphumla apho ingqalelo phecelezi engcono ngokukhawuleza waba ngomnye imizi enomtsalane kwi usingasiqithi iCrimea, oko waqala ukuqokelela abadumileyo, ababhali, abadlali, amagcisa.