Shanghai: labantu. Inani kwanokuxinana yabemi e Shanghai

Enye imizi emikhulu nje kuphela eTshayina, kodwa ihlabathi liphela Shanghai. Bangaphi abantu kwesi sixeko namhlanje? Yintoni mninzi wayo? Yaye ezinye iingxaki zezibalo abajongene nazo nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni e Shanghai?

Njengoko kuvela megacities?

Kweli hlabathi kukho izixeko ezininzi kunye nabemi abaninzi. Yinto entle kakhulu, xa isixeko kubekwe kwi indawo enkulu, yaye kuso ingxinano encinane yabemi. Kodwa ukuba indawo sixeko ilinganiselwe kakhulu? Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba sixeko singqongwe ulwandle nasemiqhokrweni yeengxondorha, ngoko ukwakhiwa wayo ngqo phezulu. Ngelo xesha ngokubonakalayo ukwandisa inani abemi square kilometre. Yaye ukusuka edolophini elula olele ekubeni exineneyo. Loo enjalo Shanghai.

Inani labemi yale sixeko likhula ngokukhawuleza ngonyaka ngamnye. Yeyona sixeko sikhulu China, ibekwe kwimpuma esemlanjeni iteksti Delta. Kuyinto i zenkcubeko zemali neziko ebalulekileyo, yaye kwizibuko sikhulu Asia. Shanghai yahlulwe kwizithili elinesithandathu zegunya wesixeko kunye ababekulo omnye.

Shanghai: labantu nendawo yayo

Shanghai sesona sixeko ngabantu China kunye enye iidolophu ezinkulu ehlabathini. Kukho ekupheleni kuka-2011, abemi million 23,47 ngabemi abasisigxina, apho 9.35 yezigidi kwakukho iindwendwe ezivela kwezinye iingingqi kunye nezigidi 14.12 waba imvume yokuhlala e Shanghai.

Inani labemi wesixeko Shanghai - ubukhulu becala Han Chinese. Isixeko uhlala 118 amawaka abantu bezizwe ezincinane, apho 7000 Hui. Ukongeza amaTshayina kulo mzi uye waphila malunga 160 amawaka abantu basemzini.

Ulwimi olusemthethweni umzi - ulwimi umgangatho Putonghua, ofundiswa ezikolweni. Noko ke, unxibelelwano kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwenzeka kakhulu kwi Shanghainese Shanhayhua. Kodwa zezi lwimi ngoku liye kuyanqaba ukuyisebenzisa. Shanghai kuxhaphaka ajike abe kwiziko lwezinto ehlabathini, ezitsala abasebenzi abaninzi abavela kwamanye amaphondo, ke ngoko, nalapha ngaphakatyhi kusetyenziswa ngolwimi Chinese Mandarin. Kukho intshukumo lwentlalo ufuna ukugcina Shanghai lwesigodi.

labemi Shanghai kaThixo zikhutshwe kummandla mzi hhayi lonke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, kwiindawo ezininzi ezinabantu abaninzi ingabizwa Pudong, Yangpu, kunye Changning. I-avareji ubuninzi babantu kwalo mzi abantu 3706 square kilometre.

Shanghai: inani labantu kunye nokukhula kwayo

Ngowe-1843, Shanghai kwavuleka yorhwebo langaphandle, emva koko abemi bayo lonyuke ngokukhawuleza ngenxa kwamanye amazwe. Abantu abaninzi beze apha evela amaphondo Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong kunye Jiangsu. Iimbacu abaninzi baye kufika kweso sixeko ngexesha le mvukelo Taiping. I-Cultural Revolution yaba isizathu lokusuka Shanghai kweli phondo. Ngowe-1990 e Shanghai kwakukho abafudukayo abavela eOstreliya, Japan kunye namanye amazwe.

1992 yayilixesha iinguqu kwimarike kwenziwa kamva ngakumbi kumaphondo esemazantsi. De kube lelo xesha, uninzi isixeko ngendlela eyothusayo eya eBeijing. ukuvulwa up nkqubo yotshintsho utsale abantu Shanghai bevela kwamanye amaphondo of China.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Shanghai umthetho ongenelelo kakhulu engqongqo, kunzima ukufumana indawo yokuhlala isixeko, nakuba lula yangoku imithetho. nyaka ngamnye inkqubo yokutsala abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo loo ugunyaziso zingafumaneka abantu malunga namawaka amabini.

Shanghai - esakhiweni esikhulu Asia

Njengoko ezininzi kwezinye iingingqi zeli lizwe, e Shanghai namhlanje babone kukho ulwakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko phakathi sokuyilwa mihla sixeko abakulo ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, imigangatho aphezulu akamaninzi siyenyuka, apho ezi zokutyela, kaninzi ngokohlobo iisosi eziphaphazelayo. Baninzi ngoku ukwakha isakhiwo yexesha - oko zokuhlala, izindlu eziphakamileyo ngezidumbu ezahlukeneyo, uyilo kunye nombala. Namhlanje, le nkampani onoxanduva nokuceba uphuhliso Shanghai, sinikele ingqalelo kuphuhliso iipaki neendawo eziluhlaza kwizakhiwo zokuhlala ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi abemi balo.

Shanghai yanamhlanje kwakhona ngumbindi ophambili wonxibelelwano kwilizwe liphela kunye West. Umzekelo, iziko ulwazi livulekile, apho amaziko ezempilo yaseTshayina kwaye Western nokwabelana ngamava abo. E Pudong bamiswa izakhiwo ezifanayo kakhulu ukuya kwindawo zokuhlala ishishini Melika naseYurophu. International Hotel kufuphi neendawo zokuthenga. Nangona lexinene inani labantu liphezulu kakhulu, Shanghai idume kakhulu nolwaphulo mthetho luphantsi sengqondo ngobubele bonke bolunye uhlanga.

Inkqubo yokuhamba Shanghai

inkqubo yezothutho wesimanje umzi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixeko Chinese, izitrato e Shanghai zigcinwa zicocekile. Kule meko singaphezu umgangatho womoya nezinye izixeko ezikhulu ezininzi in China. Nangona kuthelekiswa neminye imimandla yeedolophu umhlaba, umoya Shanghai bazihlambela kakhulu.

Shanghai aza ekuphuhliseni izithuthi zikawonke: zibe lishumi elinantathu imigca komhlaba ukusebenza esixekweni ngo-2010. De-2020, intshayelelo awayecwangcisiwe imigca ezilishumi ngaphezulu. E Shanghai, kukho kwakhona imigca ibhasi ngaphezu kwewaka.

Apha, koko, inkqubo netroli endala yokusebenza ehlabathini, yasungulwa ngo-1914. Kuninzi megacities iitroli yeli hlabathi, aze onke wabonakala kuphela 60-80s zenkulungwane lokugqibela.

Ingxaki zokwanda e Shanghai nesisombululo yayo

nengxinano yabemi Shanghai kukuba kakhulu kangangokuba le nto emangalisayo sele kusenziwa amavo ezininzi. Kodwa ngowe-2014, kwisixeko apho aluzange ntlekele. In noEva uNyaka oMtsha kwenye yeendawo kwakukho abantu abaninzi (300 amawaka). Kungekudala isikwere baqalisa jostling kwaye zimxinile, yabulala abantu 36.

Ngokwenene, ngokwenene unale ngxaki, isixeko Shanghai. labantu bayo lakhula ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba abasemagunyeni kwanyanzeleka ukuba bazibandakanye kakhulu ngo -nkqubo yezibalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuya ku-2014 Shanghai (kunye nezinye bonke abemi China) bahlala umgaqo "enye intsapho - omnye umntwana". Ngowe-2014, le ulawulo ongqwabalala wahlaziywa - ezinye iintsapho babevunyelwa ukuba azale umntwana wesibini.

Ulwazi oluthile olunomdla kakhulu demographic

Shanghai uyakhula nyaka ngamnye. Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba nkqu elikhulu kwiminyaka eyadlulayo endaweni yayo yaba ilali encinane. Namhlanje, amade Shanghai wayedinwe olule esibhakabhakeni, ngokungathi zikhuphisane enye ubukhulu.

Sikunika eziliqela umdla iinyaniso demographic phakathi komzi;

• Shanghai, ogama labantu ngoku beluwe uphawu 24 million ekuqaleni kwale nkulungwane olunonjolweyo abemi million kuphela 16;
• amadoda sixeko kanye-2% ngaphezu abafazi;
• 74% yabemi Shanghai zithathwa baziqeshe ngokwabo;
• kumazinga kakhulu eziphezulu angalindela: Iminyaka 77 kumadoda 81 kwabasetyhini.

isiphelo

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kukho ezininzi kwizixeko ezinkulu enabantu abaninzi. Enye yi Shanghai. Inani labantu kulo mzi Chinese uye malunga 23.5 yezigidi zabantu. Thelekisa, malunga inani elifanayo labantu abahlala kulo lonke eRomania okanye, bathi, eOstreliya.

Ngelo xesha, iminyaka ngeminyaka yonke into likhula emzini Shanghai. Inani labantu sixeko Chinese ekuqaleni kwewaka entsha abemi million kuphela 16. Ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu okukhawulezayo kunye enxulumene yolwakhiwo eya kweso sixeko namhlanje. Noko ke, Shanghai uyakwazi ukuhlala omnye imizi ekhuselekileyo kwaye likhululekile phakathi China.