Senzi izenzi ngolwimi German: ukusetyenziswa bokuqonda

Kwanele ukuba bacinge malunga igama lolu hlobo isenzi - "senzi 'ukuze aqonde iimpawu zentsulungeko zabo. Njengoko waziwa ngayo ubuhlakani esesikweni, kukho amacandelo iingxelo ezimbini: dictum kunye modus apho dictum - oku umxholo Kwandile kokuqamba umyalezo, kunye indlela - oku uvavanyo lobuqu. Ngaloo ndlela, ziintsiza-senzi zisetyenziselwa ukuvakalisa indlela ngokunxulumene isenzo. Ngawo la amazwi "Ndifuna", "na", "Akwaba."

Zonke ziintsiza-senzi in German lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela: Mna, mna, ndifuna. Kwimeko nganye kwezi zenzi mabini. Makhe sihlolisise kuloo myalelo.

Senzi izenzi isiJamani:   "Kunzima '

Dürfen and können - la magama mabini asetyenziswa ukuchaza amathuba inzaliseko nasiphi na isenzo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho bokuqonda kumaxabiso azo.

Dürfen olusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezimbini:

1. Xa kuyimfuneko ngayo ukuvakalisa ukuvalwa okanye imvume. Eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "ukuba", "akunakwenzeka", "esalelweyo", "uyakwazi '(ixabiso" imvume ").

2. Xa ufuna uthini malunga neengcebiso (umz., "Acetyiswayo Ezi pilisi ukuba kusasa").

Können inomnye emthunzini intsingiselo: ukuba abe nako, ukuba akwazi ukufumana ithuba, amandla ngenxa kukwenzeka kwento ethile. Umzekelo: "Mna ungahambisa cabinet" (akamvumelanga ukuba ndenze loo nto, kwaye elo thuba), "unako ukudlala intenetya" (Akakho apha, wayevunyelwa ukuba ukudlala intenetya, yaye uyayazi indlela ukuphatha ibhola kunye emsindweni).

ziintsiza-senzi isiJamani: "Mna kufuneka '

Esi sibini elandelayo of ziintsiza-senzi: sollen - müssen. Bobabini zikufutshane entsingiselo ukuya Russian "kufanele".

Sollen asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezintathu:

1. Ukubambelela imithetho okanye imithetho (awukwazi ukuthatha izinto abanye abantu).

2. Ukubambelela umsebenzi kunye yokuziphatha (ufanele ahlonele izimvo zabanye abantu).

3. Emva imiyalelo zomnye, imiyalelo (Wathi ubawo ukuba bafunde).

Müssen liguqulelwe, njengoko umthetho, ngendlela efanayo - kufuneka. Odnoko upotreblyatesya kwezinye iimeko. Eli gama ngaphantsi ngqongqo kwaye ligxininisa ukuba isithethi kufuneka enze into ngokwentshukumisa yabo ngaphakathi, okanye ukwenza oko phantsi koxinzelelo yeemeko zangaphandle (kulo mzekelo, sidla ukuguqulela müssen ngokuthi "ukuba", "ekunene"). Umzekelo: "Mna kufuneka bafunde ngokuzimisela" (Ndiyenza ngenxa kayise, hayi, kuba ethe kum, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ndiyakholwa ukuba oko kuyimfuneko), "kufuneka ndihambe ekhaya" (kufuneka ndihambe ekhaya kuba imvula) . Ukongeza, kukho ixesha sesithathu ukuba sele kusetyenziswa müssen: ukuba imeko apho, ngokwembono yethu, lokulwa (kwaye kufuneka ziye kuyo).

Senzi izenzi isiJamani: "Ndifuna"

wollen izenzi ezimbini kwaye möchten ekujongwe ukuba ukuvakalisa iminqweno ngezinye iziganeko okanye izenzo. Kokuba siqwalasele izinto awohluke imilinganiselo zabo.

Wollen - le njongo ngokuqinileyo, izicwangciso, akukho ukungaqiniseki, kufanelekile ukuba kuguqulelwa kuphela "ufuna" okanye "ujonge", kodwa 'icebo. "

Möchten lithetha "ukuba nomnqweno." Njengoko umthetho, isenzi eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "Ndingathanda." Ngendlela, ukuba luhlobo lwe ezaziwayo-kakuhle amagama mögen, nto leyo esetyenziselwa kukhuza (ndiyayithanda, Ndiyamthanda).

Kwaye esi senzo ukubonisa umnqweno izizathu ezixhasa ukuba wenze into ethile. Ngokufuthi, ungabona ukuba iguqulelwe ngayo "ukuba" (kufuneka ukufika kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka), kodwa kufuneka mazingabhidaniswa sollen okanye müssen, leyo nako kuthetha ngayo. Möchten - kuba soft, nangona, kunye ukubongoza ngokunyanisekileyo. Iinguqulelo oluchanileyo kakhulu zezi: "ngako oko siyathanda ukuba uyenzileyo ...", "Ndingathanda ukubona kuwe ..." "... ufanele uyenze".

Ngoko ke:

• dürfen: I nga ukudada (oogqirha I ndavunyelwa);
• können: I inokubhabha (I ungenza);
• sollen: Kufuneka ndiye (iqela lonke ubheka phambili kum);
• müssen: I kufuneka ukuqubha (Ndifuna ukusebenza phambi kokuba unikezelo kwemigangatho);
• wollen: Ndiza ukuqubha (Ndiya kuya kufunda);
• möchten: Ndingathanda ukuqubha (ngamhla uthile, mhlawumbi xa ndithe na ixesha, phofu, ukuba andithanga ukuya equleni, ndithanda ukuba uyithandile).

Indlela Ukufunda ziintsiza-senzi?

German, imisebenzi leyo kube lula zifumaneka kule ncwadi, ngenene kubonakale kunzima. Kweli nqaku singakusunduzanga thina iifom ezinokuthatha ezi ziintsiza-senzi, ukanti ukwayama umntu kunye nenombolo. Abo bafundi kwi-asethi sele ubuncinane IsiNgesi esiPhakathi, abapasa isifundo, ungafumana okuninzi eziqhelekileyo. Eneneni, IsiNgesi ifana kakhulu ulwimi waseJamani. Conjugation of ziintsiza-senzi - loo nto kuphela ukuba umahluko omkhulu. German ubonisa iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokumalunga zentsulungeko ziintsiza-senzi, ngokwenene indawo gqiba nge. Ngaphezu koko, isandi yabo basondele (ayikwazi - Plugin fir). Oku akothusi: IsiNgesi German lilungu lelo qela. Fundisa elinye emva kwelinye kuya kuba lula kakhulu. Kuba abo bafundi bafunda isiJamani ukusuka ekuqaleni, oku kuya kuba iqhinga win-win ngenxa elandelayo. Okokuqala, kufuneka ufunde intsingiselo ngasinye yesenzi modal, sifunde ukuqonda, ziziphi iimeko kufuneka azisebenzise. Ngoko, xa ngokuqinileyo ukuqonda ukuba wollen - bafuna ukuba kuthetha-yaye möchten - unqwenela-iphupha, njl, ingathatha ekufundweni iintlobo ziintsiza-senzi ...