Salmonella - ntoni na? Salmonellosis: zimpawu, unyango

Salmonellosis - isifo zohlobo ezasulelayo, nto leyo ebangelwa ziibhaktheriya kwaye luphawulwa ukunxila kunye boyisiwe, ikakhulu isisu kwakunye namathumbu.

izizathu

Bacterium Igram-negative iintsholongwane intonga esonka sodidi Salmonella, intsapho Enterobacteriaceae (Salmonella, Shigella). Leli gciwane iyamelana iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo. Emanzini ukuze sisinde ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu emhlabeni ukuya kwiinyanga elinesibhozo. Inyama kunye nobisi sivame salmonella. Yintoni na - komsebenzi, ukugcinwa kakuhle okanye imveliso - ayibalulekanga. Eyosulelayo ekuqaleni nje ziyekwe; kodwa ukukwazi ukuzala. Taste nenkangeleko imveliso akawatshintshi. Ukutshaya, yityuwa, iimveliso lomkhenkce ingakhokeleli ukufa ngemvelaphi esosulelayo.

Umthombo esi sifo - umntu agule okanye othwala iintsholongwane, kwakunye iinkukhu kunye nezilwanyana. Usulelo kunokwenzeka xa usebenzisa inyama efunyenwe isilwanyana (iigusha, ihagu, iinkomo, amarhanisi, amadada, iinkuku), ubisi ezimdaka kunye namaqanda. Salmonella e amaqanda - zingunobangela oqhelekileyo zosulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha pathogen zinokusasazwa nge izinto zekhaya, ukutya, amanzi amadama, ukuba kukho emehlweni umntu uyagula okanye isilwanyana. Isifo kwenzeka kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo, amakhulu kwiindawo zenqila kuphela. Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana lula ngakumbi kuyo ngenxa yenkcaso ephantsi ngamagciwane.

phambili kwesifo

Xa esiswini kunye emathunjini, iSalmonella bacterium ifikelela emathunjini amancinci, apho iiseli epithelial Urhintyelwe kwaye engena isifo. Apha kukho ukwanda wayo, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho ukudumba kwi uxakaxa neentsholongwane isasazeke kakhulu aba ligazi kunye nkovu iindawo. Njengoko ukufa Salmonella yayo lixesha i ukunxila rhoqo. microcirculation ukuphazamiseka igazi, ukuthuthwa ion, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba kwahlulwe kabukhali amanzi kwaye electrolytes kungena mithambo iiseli.

symptomatology

Ithuba elisuke isusela iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwiintsuku ezisibhozo. Ngeli xesha, i pathogen akazange abonise. Ke esi sifo okungena amalungelo epheleleyo, ezifana salmonella, kuvela ezi mpawu zilandelayo: kabukhali ndivuka ubushushu, isiyezi, ubuthathaka, intloko ebuhlungu, kuthibaza. Nomonde ukuduma esiswini kunye fuku, iintlungu ebhalwe kulo, kunciphise ukutya, ilindle evakalala livela (mhlawumbi yencindi yomlomo kunye enukayo), ukugabha kunye isicaphucaphu.

Doctor umvavanyi nomonde, apho iSalmonella kuhlala, iimpawu ndibatyhilele kulandelayo: ukuncipha uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukwanda izinga intliziyo, emzimbeni (luthambe ulusu lifinyele, isifo lisuke labuna nowomileyo, isixa liyancipha umchamo, kukho unxano, hoarseness, ezinye izihlunu nga convulsive nciphisa) , spleen zikhulisiwe wesibindi, ulusu kunye icteric sclera.

Ngamanye amaxesha sifo athathe uhlobo nokudumba eqatha, xa amalungu ahlukeneyo baqale ubovu lesibini nakujoliso olutsha (kwesibindi, meninges, nkovu node, inyongo isinyi, aorta, imiphunga, endocardium, amalunga, amathambo).

Iingxaki kaninzi kwenzeka kwesi sifo - an esosulelayo-ityhefu athuke, zomzimba ngenxa, etsolo ukusilela kwezintso.

bacteriocarrier

Olu hlobo esi sifo sizibonakalisa yi kukuba akukho mpawu lwezonyango ngayo ebantwini anayenza, kodwa iSalmonella (ifoto) ukubonwa yi serological kunye nezifundo bacteriological. Zonke abathwali iintsholongwane zingahlulwa zigaba: etsolo nqwelwana, ezingapheliyo, idlule.

Acute waphawula phakathi rekonvalistsentov kwaye luphawulwa Ukuqhela eli gciwane ukusuka umzimba isithuthi kwisithuba seentsuku ezilishumi elinesihlanu ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu.

Chronic buyo ukuthini xa iinyanga umzimba ngaphezu ezintathu yabelwa salmonella. Yintoni na, oko uqinisekisa ngamandla yokucupha mandatory iinyanga ezintandathu kwaye kwakhona isifundo imixholo duodenal, umchamo, endleni.

bacteriocarrier Bufutshane kuthetha ukungabikho kweempawu zonyango ngexesha yesaveyi kunye kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo, kwaye iimvavanyo bacteriological baye banikwa zezilungileyo - nakabini, kudluliswe ngosuku olunye, kunye neziphumo ezibi kwixesha elizayo.

ekuxilongweni

Fumanisa ukuba uhlobo lwesifo ngawo, wena, ukuqokelela iinkcukacha epidemiological (salmonella in amaqanda kunye nezinye ukutya, uhlobo iqela sifo). Elabhoratri bafumana isiqinisekiso Asebenzisa iindlela ezithile uphando.

iimviwo bacteriological. Of lavage esiswini, umchamo, igazi, inyongo, vomitus, endleni eyabelwe Salmonella. Yintoni na - yaye kuqinisekiswa yi isifundo.

Indlela hemagglutination ngqo, uvavanyo agglutination, zincedisa uvavanyo nitrogen - umiselwa titer omzimba ukuya pathogen kwi serum egazini.

Of iindlela non-elithile kuxilongo zelebhu isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo wegazi.

diagnosis umehluko

Ukwahlula oku ukususela ekusulelekeni babe ehsherihioza segazi, icesina kunye ikholera, ityhefu ukutya Ityhefu isilwanyana okanye imvelaphi yemifuno, nezinto ezingaphiliyo organic, appendicitis, kunye iposi engabalulekanga.

therapy

Xa ekwanti Salmonella, unyango kufuneka ibandakanye isisu kwesifo kunye neelitha ezimbini, ezintathu amanzi okanye isisombululo ekhulwini ezimbini sodium hydrogencarbonate. Isigulane wabelwa ukuba ukudla kuquka ukutya, zingawucongi iphecana zesisu, zombini bomatshini kunye afana. Xa iSalmonella wabonakala, unyango lubandakanya ukumimitheka okugunyazisiweyo kwinqanaba ulwelo lomzimba mali electrolytes.

Xa sibi esi sifo emzimbeni regidrotatsiya olwenziwa ngomlomo (ngomlomo) iziyobisi "wayehamba", "Regidron", "Tsitroglyukosalan" kunye nezinye izisombululo electrolyte. Kuyenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa isisombululo iswekile-ityuwa, ekwakusetyenzwa ngokudibanisa kwilitha enye emanzini abilayo iitispuni ezisibhozo zeswekile kunye iitispuni ezimbini yetyuwa. Ngumthamo opheleleyo kolwelo ukugcwalisa ivolyum kufuneka zilingane kulwelo elichithwe isitulo kunye namanzi.

Ukuba isifo kunye / okanye emzimbeni kakhulu ukwamkela, ngoko kubhenela izisombululo efakwa of polyionic ( "Ringerlaktat", "Chlosol", "Acesol", "Trisol", "Kvartasol"). Isisombululo yaziswa kwi ngesantya ethile umqulu ethile, leyo zixhomekeke iqondo yokulahlekelwa fluid kunye nomgangatho emzimbeni.

Kuba ekutshatyalalisweni pathogen baye babhenela omnye eziliqela antimicrobials "Ofloxacin", "norfloxacin", "ciprofloxacin" "Ceftriaxone".

Ukunciphisa iqondo ukunxila, kufuneka abanaluncedo enterosorbents "Polisorb", "Polyphepan", "Enterosorb", "Enterodez".

Buyisela balance electrolyte, isifo kakuhle, ukunceda "Bismuth subsalicylate" iziyobisi "Sandostatin" "Imodium", "aspirin", "Indomethacin"

Kwakhona, isigulane kufuneka uthathe iziyobisi ziyenza non-ezithile eziphilayo kwaye kubuyisela kwakhona microflora eziqhelekileyo amathumbu (eubioticheskie ziibhakteriya, iivithamini, Antioxidants). Ukumisela isigulana kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuqala ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo zonyango kunye nezifundo bacteriological ukuqinisekisa ukungabikho endleni yomenzeli causative.

ukuvimbela

Uthintelo sifo lwezilwanyana mandatory kunye nolawulo ucoceko ukuxhelwa iinkukhu kunye nemfuyo, ngokuxhomekeke yonke imithetho kunye nobuchwepheshe ukusebenza izidumbu, ukuthuthwa echanekileyo, ukugcinwa kunye ukuthengiswa kokutya. Kukho isitofu sokugonya, apho ziquka inactivated Salmonella. Ukuba kuthintela isifo iintaka kunye nezilwanyana, yaziwa bonke. Uhlolisiso abasebenzi kumaziko kunye neenkampani zokutya kunceda nokuthintela izifo.