Saint Sebastian kwi yobuciko yobugcisa yehlabathi

Kwimbali lwezobugcisa na amabali eye amagcisa kangangeenkulungwane. St Sebastian, kwebali nesuka kumaXesha Aphakathi ekuqaleni, kubonisiwe kwi imizobo kunye esekelwe amawaka amagcisa abasuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Yintoni na le mifanekiso? Yintoni na isibheno lo mfanekiso?

Iqhawe ukholo

Events, osixelela ilivo le Sebastian engcwele, wathabatha kwenzeka ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yesithathu, ixesha yokutshutshiswa nzima kumaKristu. Thembeka kwaye nesibindi Sebastian waye umphathi yeqela kukhuselo lobuqu uDiocletian kunye noMlawuli Maximilian. Ukuba umxhasi ofihlakeleyo imfundiso kaKristu, ke atshintshelwe kwelona unqulo olutsha amajoni zabo, inkxaso ukholo abatshutshiswa yi abahedeni.

Xa ukunamathela livulekile, uDiocletian wayalela abatoli ukudubula Sebastian. Yena ebotshelelwe ngesihlahla wadubula iintolo kuye. Ecinga kwakhe kwabafileyo, amajoni yabahlawulisiweyo ehlathini. Saint Sebastian wafunyanwa owayeze kumngcwaba ephila, kwanonina umhlobo ka St. Irene, uphume kuyo. Sebastian wayengafuni ukushiya eRoma ngokufihlakeleyo ngenkalipho wathetha nxamnye uDiocletian, kokumphosela ebusweni ngezityholo zenkohlakalo. Ngokomyalelo ngegorha umlawuli kokuba ebethwe ekufeni kunye aphoswe emlanjeni kunye nogutyulo. Umzimba wakhe ofileyo wachacha ukusuka apho Saint Lucia, nto leyo Sebastian ephupheni. Wazigquma kwabonakala umzimba kufuphi-Apiyo kunye nendawo yokungcwaba kamva Cathedral of St. Sebastian.

Ngexesha isibetho ubhubhane ezinzima ezichaphazelekayo eYurophu ngamaXesha Aphakathi, uqiniseka namandla ukuba esi sifo sisasazwa emoyeni. iintolo flying wabetha saint, waba uphawu ngenxa yesifo okhohlakeleyo, kunye Sebastian waye nofifi lwendlela nokukhuseleka intlekele ayinakutshintshwa. Ngenkulungwane yesixhenxe yaba ityala eyaziwa apho umqondiso ummi ngaphezu kwesinye wakha indawo isibetho indlwana ozinikezele Sebastian, nendyikitya yokufa ahlala phantsi. Ukususela ngoko, ukunqulwa saint saka. Church ngemifanekiso ngegorha yabonakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu.

iconography enkulu

Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga 6000 wadala umfanekiso St. Sebastian. igcisa nganye ibonisa umbono wakhe umfanekiso, usebenzisa iindlela zobugcisa ngexesha lakhe.

Enye yomfanekiso eziphefumlelweyo zipeyintwe yi kweenkosi ekuqaleni Renaissance Antonello Da Messina (c. 1429 / 1431-1479). Kulo mfanekiso yakhe, sibona umfana zibotshelelwe esibondeni, wabetha ngeentolo, phakathi amathuba indlu idolophu nice Iingqameko eliphezulu, apho isibhakabhaka ongenasiphelo blue. Abemi izambatho abazizityebi ngokuzola yimicimbi yaso. Lo mzobo hero iyafana oqingqiweyo zamandulo, umntu ubonisa alahle zonke izinto ezisemhlabeni, akazi isaziso na intlungu kuloo manxeba, okanye ubuhle landscape. Inkolelo elukholweni lokwenene ngeminqweno uThixo unika umntu ubuhle msulwa ngokomoya - oku kakuhle eli mfanekiso.

Ubuhle ukholo lokwenyaniso eboniswe kwezinye Imizobo emininzi, iqhawe kwawo St. Sebastian. Babhala iinkosi Renaissance ezifana re Bottichelli (1445-1510), Rafael Santi (1483-1520), Petro Perudzhino (1446-1523), Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio (1466-1516).

Tiziano Vecellio (1488/1490 - 1576)

Kakhulu omnye umlinganiswa kuboniswe titanium yakhe painting Renaissance - titian. Saint Sebastian - le enamandla, kunye uzole nentembelo sixhathise ububi. Weqonga ukuphela esondelayo ubethelela umbala mnyama, okusingqongileyo azalwa. Kodwa hayi intsebenziswano entle udakumbile, ukuba zizityebi ezahlukeneyo nemibala umlilo, nomsi, olenyayo sunset esibhakabhakeni.

Titian - artist yokwenene le Renaissance. isimo lakhe ukuvisisana umzimba womntu kuphuma izithethe zamandulo, iinkosi ebuyiselweyo ngexesha. Kunye nesibindi kunye nenkululeko kwezibonelelo ezintle kuvula ngabapeyinti indlela kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.

ibali Old, nokupeyinta entsha

Ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe kuza indlela eyahlukileyo yokudweba. iinkosi yobuciko bayaqhubeka ngokwesithethe wabeka UMichelangelo, uLeonardo da Vinci, titian. Saint Sebastian uchazwa njengomntu oselula ezintle, iqhawe yamandulo. Kodwa ngoku kakhulu ngakumbi unzima composition, uhlobo kunye palette kufanekisela. Ejongene nayo kule mifanekiso - elijongene nayo ebomini. Bavakalelwa kwaye Mthetho njengamaqhawe yeentsomi namabali, ukuba ingathathwa wegcisa ukusuka kokusingqongileyo, ukususela leyinene.

Genius eyakhokela abanye baba UMichelangelo Merisi de Caravaggio (1573 - 1610). Imizobo yakhe isigcawu yezibhalo ixesha elide azinakanwa yicawa esemthethweni. lisusa kwakhe kwaye alawule evinjwa ubomi bakhe elide ukudala. Kodwa washiya ngasemva ewonke ngenxa yokudweba - Karavadzhizm.

ukupeyinta Yakhe "ekubulaweni St. Sebastian" waziwa kuphela kwimibhalo, kodwa abalandeli wegcisa ukupeyinta umxholo ofanayo ukugqithisa ethile ukupeyinta nendlela Caravaggio. "Saint Sebastian" yi Josep de Ribera (1591-1652) - wobugcisa entsha ngenxa yokudweba layo ixesha. ukukhanya yangasemva emnyama iimpawu indibanisa ngobuciko amanani kwicala zeyamane esimbaxa kuqamba elungeleleneyo. Yakhiwe ebhaliweyo umzimba sisifo ngegorha, ubuso St. kaIrene, zindanda ngelosi ngoko nangoko kutsala ingqalelo. Loo ukupeyinta, nto leyo enika ubunzulu, kwaqala ngepeyinti kwi emnyama ukukhanya yangasemva uphawu karavadzhistov.

Ngamanye amaxesha, omnye kuphela umthombo wokukhanya, ngathi umzobo ngu Georges de La Tour (1593-1652) "St. Sebastian St Irene." nelangatye candle exhwila ebumnyameni obungathethekiyo entle ubuso ababhinqileyo Irene mzobo elele abafana ukulila abafazi. Le zokukhanya sigxininisa umdlalo ezichuliweyo kujonge umbala kwaye unika yonke loo ndawo yayinamacala ekhethekileyo.

Ngesakhiwo ngawo onke amaxesha

Amagcisa zisoloko unomdla iimvakalelo ezinamandla abo bazalelwe esengozini ubomi nokufa, okulungileyo nokubi. Yimbonakaliso lo mzabalazo yaba Saint Sebastian. Umfanekiso kunye ibali liye ezininzi iinkosi enkulu yokudweba. El Greco (1541-1614), uPetros Paul Rubens (1577-1640), Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863), Camille Corot (1796-1875), Salvador Dali (1904-1989) ezotywe umboniso eyahlukileyo nobomi St. Sebastian.

Common kubo - ubugcisa phezulu, wazalwa indaba idolo kunye artist buchopho.