Rail Common - ntoni na? isimiso ukusebenza

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abaqhubi ngakumbi nangakumbi ukhetha ukusebenzisa iimoto diesel. Ngaphambili, le iinjini zifakwa kuphela nezithuthi ezikhulu zezorhwebo. Noko ke, ngoku ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa iimoto abakhweli, ingakumbi e-Europe. Ngokuqinisekileyo ngamnye kuthi wayevile inkqubo enjalo, njengoko Common Rail. Yintoni na kwaye isebenza njani, esiza kuyiqwalasela kweli nqaku.

feature

"Common Ryle" - inkqubo-elekhtrons zokuseza i-injini diesel. Umgaqo yayo yokusebenza isekelwe phezu unikezelo kukudla injectors yengcinezelo kaloliwe eqhelekileyo. Le nkqubo waphuhliswa ziingcali German yenkampani "Bosch". Common Rail Bosch ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa izithuthi ezifana "Volvo", "uMercedes", BMW kunye nabanye.

Yintoni ekhethekile?

Eyona nkalo iphambili olwahlula le nkqubo - ukukwazi ukunika amandla efunekayo kunye amafutha minimum. fuel Rail Common kwakhona uyakwazi ukwehlisa izinga ezikhutshwa zeemoto. Izimvo wabaqhubi bathi imoto nenkqubo inaliti fuel ukuzola kakhulu (akukho "igquma" ezinjalo iimpawu, ngathi iinjini diesel endala). "Common Loliwe" enoluhlu olubanzi yommiselo xi kunye amafutha ziphene start mathuba.

device

Yokuyilwa nkqubo Common Uloliwe isekethi eliphezulu-ingcinezelo. Xa injini lwenziwa inaliti ngqo zepetroli (ngamanye amazwi, izibaso ikhutshwa ngqo kwigumbi cylinder). Kukho izinto ezininzi zinxulunyaniswa umsebenzi inkqubo Common Rail. Yintoni na le ncindi? Eyokuqala i impompo yamafutha koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ivelufa umthamo kunye Regulator loxinzelelo. Ukongeza, kukho uyilo kaloliwe amafutha kunye injector. Rail Common - inkqubo kunokuba nzima, kwaye ukuqonda siseko yayo yokusebenza, cinga iimpawu kwicandelo ngalinye.

empompa

Ngoko ke, i impompo nehigh. Le ndlela isetyenziswa ukwenza i nehigh fluid. Level ixhomekeke umthwalo injini kunye ngomzuzu le crankshaft. Njengoko usazi, iinjini isantya nedizili azilawulwa ngokuthi kuvulwe ivelufa umcephe wokunyusa, ezizezi inxalenye amafutha enikiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, yaye ihlangabezana impompo nehigh. Le fowuni yi kunokuba nzima, ngoko oku element - icandelo kuyabiza kakhulu emotweni diesel (phezu, ngaphandle iiyunithi ezingundoqo, ezifana iinjini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye PPC).

Regulator nesivalo Common Rail

Yintoni na le nto? Ivelufa kusetyenziswa ukulawula izibaso ebebunikwe loo impompo. isakhiwo kudityaniswe impompo. Kukho kwakhona Regulator xi amafutha. It efakwe kwi kaloliwe amafutha, kwaye lulawula imoto ngokuxhomekeke umthwalo.

eHeidelberg

Le yunithi lenza imisebenzi emininzi. Oku kwanda amafutha phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu oscillations uxinzelelo onciphisayo kunye nemilomo nokwabiwa isibaso. Le yinxalenye yenkqubo otyiwa.

esemzimbeni

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ezo zichazwe njengoko ipetroli (injector), kunye injini diesel. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko zazo eziphambili - nto uxinzelelo ukuba ukudala. Kule injector Kwimeko "Common Rail" Kwakhona ulawula izibaso leyo kondliwa ngqo kwi lombhobho. Isiqalelo uhlobene ngqo ithambeka. Okwangoku, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezimbini esemzimbeni:

• Le injectors piezo ( "Bosch").
• Electro (omkhulu umvelisi - "Delfi").

Kwimeko yokugqibela, ubonelelo amafutha yenziweyo ngokusebenza ivalve solenoid. Ezi injectors piezo banoxanduva oku crystals ezizodwa. Isantya ezi zinto iphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke zixhaphakile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, lo lokulungiswa Common Rail (Jets) ukuvelisa izandla zabo akunakwenzeka kwakungenxa yobumbaxa loyilo kunye iswitch entle. Ngoko ke, wonke umsebenzi yesondlo kwinkqubo zenziwa kuphela kwizikhululo ezizodwa. Le ethile ephambili izithuthi ezinjalo.

Zisebenza njani?

Umsebenzi ilawulwa inkqubo ziphene diesel yolawulo loseto. I zakutshanje ziquka actuators, abenzi boluvo kunye ECU. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iparameters - nesikhundla namafutha, ubushushu njengesipholisi, isixa umoya kwakunye nokwakhiwa zegesi zeemoto (a probe Lambda). Malunga ke actuators, ukuba ezi ikhankanywe apha ngentla umlomo kwiziphambuka, impompo yamafutha, umlawuli neevalvu. Ngoko ke, njani isebenza le nkqubo? Ngokusekelwe imiyalezo ukulawula boluvo waqonda, inkqubo uMenzi ngenani elithandekayo zamafutha. Oku ukudla ivelufa wekhadi. Kwamafutha egqitha impompo, uze ingcinezelo ithe yenyuka ithambeka. Uxinzelelo ezifunekayo umlawuli ekhethekileyo igcinwe. Ngaxa lithile, ikhompyutha wamkela umqondiso ovela injectors, nabo lwenziwa ekuwuvuleni lamajelo kangangexesha elithile. Kuxhomekeka indlela yokusebenza ye-injini, kunye noxinzelelo amafutha ungatshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo le nkqubo ngokusekelwe data evela woluvo oksijini. Noko ke, ekugqibeleni kufuneka elincinci. utyeshelo olumandla abonisa kwiimpazamo kunye "Common Rail" system.

Iintlobo Inaliti Common Rail

Yintoni na? Kukho iintlobo-elekhtrons kule nkqubo:

• Zokuqala.
• Main.
• Okukhethwayo.

Eyokuqala kwenzeka phambi kokuba zaseprayimari ukuze kwandiswe uxinzelelo kunye namaqondo kwigumbi yokutsha. Ngoko bamthwala autoignition olukhawulezisiweyo intlawulo engundoqo kunye nokuncitshiswa injini ingxolo. Pre-Inaliti zinokuba nomahluko, ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yokusebenza injini. Ngenxa yoko, xa engenzi oveliswa kabini. Ngenxa yokwanda umthwalo - kanye. pre-Inaliti ayenziwanga wokuwalayisha ngokupheleleyo. Injongo yale isitofu eziphambili - ukunika ngqo injini. Iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela, yena akayi wahlulelene. Inaliti eyongezelelweyo isebenza ukunciphisa iigesi zeemoto letyhefu. Ngoko ke, ekubeni woluvo oxygen ufumana ulwazi kwi khompyutha, yaye emva koko kunikwa kwenye inxalenye amafutha. izinto ezinobungozi afterburned kwi lo kuvala (ibizwa ngokuba ngu-kwakhona diesel kwamaqondo eparticulate lokucoca).

Generation "Common Rail"

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba sizukulwana yokuqala kwenkqubo wabonakala kunyaka 1999. It uxinzelelo yemveliso 145 MPA. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva inkqubo isizukulwana esilandelayo (160 MPA). 3 Common Rail kuphuhliswa kunyaka 2005. Okwangoku, izithuthi baxhotyiswa kwenkqubo "Common Rail" nakwesesine isizukulwana. Nemilomo asebenza noxinzelelo ka 220 MPA. Kutheni ingqalelo kangaka ehlawulwa nengcinezelo? Ukuba uphakamile lo kukoriwe, amafutha okungakumbi lesitofu lombhobho. Ngokufanelekileyo, kangangexesha elithile ke ndaqonda ngakumbi ukunyuka ngamandla ngendlela injini.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba inkqubo inaliti ngqo, into ihlelwe njani na kwaye isebenza njani. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i "Common Rail" lisetyenziswa ezininzi izithuthi idizili, ingakumbi e-Europe. Le nkqubo, nangona elintsonkothe, ngamandla amakhulu.