Pyatnitskoye emangcwabeni eMoscow. History kwaye babhale

Muscovites eziqhelekileyo ubudala, ephumayo yembali yayo ngenkulungwane XVIII, Pyatnitskoye yamangcwaba. EMoscow ngoku kukho amangcwaba intsimi asixhenxe ananye. Noko ke, phakathi kwabo kukho abathile ukuba ibe yinxalenye imbali elikomkhulu, ngoko ke ziye zadityaniswa ngokulungelelanisiweyo nayo. Ngoko le necropolis, ogama lakhe behlonipha St. zihlaba Paraskeva, - omnye wabo.

Yamangcwaba ekupheleni kwalo nasezirhangeni Droboliteynogo

Ukuba, ngoxa kumantla eMoscow, kufuphi Ithemba Mira, uya kudlula Krestovsky ezizihambelayo yaye ngoko nangoko emva kokuba jika ngasekunene, uya kuba kule leyini, ekuthiwa Droboliteynogo. Eli gama wafumana sele kwiminyaka zethu, naphambi wabizwa ngokuba emangcwabeni, njengoko ekupheleni kwayo kwaye Pyatnitskoye amangcwaba. EMoscow kulula ukuba ulahlekile, kodwa le idilesi ayikho nzima ukufumana. Ebona phambi elihle level ezintathu-intsimbi inqaba, uyazi ukuba iinjongo.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, Pyatnitskoye amangcwaba - enye endala eMoscow. Ngowe-1771, iziphithiphithi ikomkhulu iziganeko zifakiwe ebalini obizwa mvukelo death. Muscovites abaninzi ngexesha ngaphambi kwexesha yaphela uhambo lwakhe emhlabeni, kunye neendawo zazo lokugqibela yokuphumla oswele. Kungenxa yesi sizathu, yaye yaba yomthetho uCatherine II abelwe indawo yokungcwaba yazo.

Mother uKumkanikazi wathabatha Lumkela kuphela imizimba kodwa imiphefumlo kwabafileyo, yaye igama layo umthetho wayalela ukuba ukwakha ibandla kwi umngcwabo. Kuxwebhu, kwaye kwaqatshelwa ukuba ukuba ukunqaba zibonelelo akunakwenzeka ukuba azakhele yecawa ilitye, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ukwakha ubuncinane yethutyana - iinkuni.

Ukwakhiwa yokuqala - ibandla ngomthi

umyalelo Imperial wabulawa ngoko nangoko, wamfumana Pervoprestolnaya itempile entsha kaThixo - lebandla somthi egameni St. Paraskeva. Ngoko ke wokuwonga elaa saint yaye kamva ngokuba Pyatnitskoye amangcwaba ngokwayo. E Moscow, phakathi kwabantu abefundisi yashiya uphawu yabo kwimbali yayo, wathatha indawo yakhe kunye Umphathi ibandla elisanda kwakhiwa, uyise Fyodor (Protopopov).

Iminyaka engamashumi yena wafuna uThixo yokungcwaba imiphefumlo zamaKristu yabo ukufunda inkonzo yokungcwaba, elungiselela uhambo lokugqibela. Kodwa uyise bafumana ixesha imicimbi yezoqoqosho. Yaba iimbandezelo zakhe 1830 kwisiza webandla esihle ngamaplanga sele iqalile ulwakhiwo amatye entsha. Emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi ngo-1935, nto yamiselwa imbeko Emnye oyiNgcwele.

itempile kaThixo kumangcwaba

umbhali yale projekthi ibalelwa womzobi AG Grigoriev, makwazeke Muscovites ngenxa omnye umsebenzi wakhe - ezintsonkothileyo kwi Vagankovsky yamangcwaba. Icawa kwezitulo ezimbini, bamiselwa imbeko of St. Paraskeva (ukuba ekugqibeleni balinqabisa emangcwabeni igama layo) kunye St uSergiyo of Radonezh. nezinye iziphuculwa abaninzi kunye nemisebenzi oyinkunkqele umalusi indefatigable. Ngabo ubungqina ilitye lesikhumbuzo esekhona kwenye yeendonga zebandla.

Kumaxesha angaphambili, isithethe eqhelekileyo ukwenza izibalo ebonakalayo ukukhankanya imiphefumlo yanaphakade izihlobo bemka. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abazizityebi kwakhiwa le njongo ecaweni yaye amabandla yonke. Ukuba eMoscow merchant S. Zaitsev, befuna ulonwabo umbingeleli phakade ngonaphakade-ekhumbulekayo, ngubani wangcwatywa apha, wakha ibandla ngeendleko zakhe. Kuye abazinikele e imbeko of St Simeon Persian - umxhasi kayise wasezulwini. amaphephandaba eMoscow ka Julayi 1917 wabhala iintsimbi stopudovo ephakanyiswe ngaloo mihla, intsimbi ende ibandla.

Kodwa kungekudala, xa ilizwe lakhukuliswa obscurantism yokungabi ezilahlekileyo itempile kaThixo nguye iintsimbi nje kuphela, yaye iqabele, yaye isakhiwo yasetyenziswa neemfuno zoqoqosho. Nangona ixesha yentshutshiso yonqulo, ibandla unenzondelelo iingxaki ezininzi, kodwa wamelana de namhlanje, yaye uyakwazi ukubona wonke esihambela Pyatnitskoye emangcwabeni eMoscow. Indlela ukuya etempileni, sinokufunda ngamayelenqe scheme oluneenkcukacha, sise emnyango enkulu.

amangcwaba style yabarhwebi

Imbali yamangcwaba kuya kuba njengezingaphelelanga ukuba anithanga kukuba i XIX kunye kwenkulungwane XX ekuqaleni, ibe yindawo yokungcwaba abantu abaninzi zorhwebo. Ngaloo mihla yasetyenziswa ukuba bahombise zesikhumbuzo engcwaba, i indlwana encinane eyenziwe namnyama. Kuye ube uhlobo "isimbo umthengisi". Loo umhombiso ingcwaba kwindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifumaneka apha umbindi emangcwabeni, kwaye kumaziko emajukujukwini. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe yokungabikho phantse epheleleyo ubuncwane apha kwifomu eqingqiweyo ze zezulu lokulila okanye ubuncinane zitsha imali eninzi.

Indawo yokuphumula kwizizukulwana ezininzi

Emangcwabeni yaba yindawo yokungcwaba izizukulwana ezininzi baseRashiya. Ukufunda imibhalo emangcwabeni, sifumana amagama bakuthi ebalaseleyo abaye uphawu yabo kwimbali Russia. Phakathi kwabo izinduna abadumileyo kunye abavikeli eziqhelekileyo ezweni labo. Kwakhona, ngokuba izazinzulu ezininzi kunye namagcisa baba yindawo yokungcwaba yamandulo Pyatnitskoye emangcwabeni eMoscow.

Njani ukuze oko? Xa engekho zothutho lobuqu elula ukufika kamasipala ukusuka kwisikhululo Alekseevskaya. Ukusuka kuya kufuneka ukuba bahambe Akukho mitha ngaphezulu kwe asibhozo, anamanci (kwaye kancinane ngakumbi, ukuba uthe waya kwisikhululo Riga). Abanini machine angasebenzisa nezikhombisi, kubekwe ekupheleni. Xa ndiqukumbela, ndimele ndithi ukuba bonke abo banomdla kwimbali yelizwe lethu, uthembisa eninzi excursion umdla Pyatnitskoye emangcwabeni eMoscow. Idilesi: lane Droboliteyny 5.