Production ukusebenza ngendlela iintsingiselo zolu rhwebo lwehlabathi okuziinkozo ezinkulu

indima enkulu ukulwela iimfuno zesizwe ezoqoqosho kudlala imibutho esebenzayo ushishino, ubumi babo afanelekileyo marks, zijolise, kwelinye icala, ingxoxo kunye norhulumente, kunye kwelinye - malunga ukuzimisela esiqinileyo ukukhusela amalungelo abo asemthethweni. Xa entsimini kokutya, omnye zinto zijongwayo ezi nolandelelwano ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho kwimveliso yengqolowa.

Ngokwemiqathango kuqoqosho ezintsha, imikhwa mihla wobumbano yaye omhlaba kuqoqosho okuziinkozo ukusebenza imveliso, kwakunye ingxaki amandla ngokubanzi, uhlala engekasonjululwa. Ngaphezu koko, ngo ekuhlaleni Internet namhlanje, ubukho iinkcukacha ezininzi kwiinkqubo ngamazwe kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa, kuquka ukutya, ihlala ingxaki ezingekasonjululwa kwenkxaso lolwazi yolawulo lwemveliso lohlobo ebalulekileyo imveliso, njengokutya kunye nokutya iinkozo.

Uphando lwethu sijoliswe ukubonisa emhlabeni yesayensi nokuziqhelanisa njengoko ngokucacileyo solvable kwaye efanelekileyo namhlanje ukusebenza yemveliso kwicandelo lezolimo kuqoqosho kunye nolwazi umsebenzi yokuvavanya iintsingiselo zibalulekileyo kurhwebo ehlabathini okuziinkozo. Kuphela emva kokuba ekusombululeni le udidi iingxaki ngokunyanisekileyo ukwenza eminye imisebenzi kulawulo lweenkqubo zentlalo.

Emva ekwindla yokuqala ka-2010, iingcali FAO (Food and Agriculture weZizwe eziManyeneyo) ingxelo ukuba kuxinizelelo lokutya kungalindelekanga, nangona iimarike ukutya ehlabathi ukutshabalala, ekubeni ukusebenza iwela kwimveliso yokutya. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yehlabathi iyileyo ikekelele of jump ezibukhali kwamaxabiso ukuba iimveliso zokutya ekupheleni kowama-2010 nasekuqaleni 2011 kwakhokelela iingcali ukuba bathethe lombutho sentlekele ukutya entsha. Ingxelo zamvanje yi FAO ngokuphathelele oku yedanisayo. Amaxabiso World kwicandelo ukutya wenze imbali irekhodi ngoJanuwari 2011, xa i-FAO Index iye yenyuka kule nyanga nge 3.4% yaye yaba 231 point.

Bethelela ukulindela kuvela ingxaki enjalo namhlanje kunye ntsingiselo zivelileyo kwimarike okuziinkozo ehlabathini, kunye nokusebenza lako kumashishini processing yezolimo.

Isiseko yale mbono impembelelo izicacele kwi kwimarike yehlabathi okuziinkozo eseleyo amandla kakhulu kwicandelo yimarike yokutya yehlabathi, apho ingqolowa esetyenziswa njenge izinto ekrwada (umgubo, okuziinkozo, njalo-njalo) okanye feed yemfuyo kunye neenkukhu ekhulayo.

Ukuba sithethe lweentsingiselo ibalulekileyo asahlumayo namhlanje utshintsho market okuziinkozo ehlabathini, ke zezi zilandelayo ngokungqinelana ababhali.

Abalimi grain Basic - China kunye India - ukuba baye besiba amazwe yengqolowa ingqolowa. Oku kungenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

- imilo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukwanda kwemfuno yokutya kula mazwe ngenxa ukunyuka kwengeniso labantu;

- delay kwimveliso cereal kula mazwe luhlumo ekhaya;

- ngokuguquguquka kula mazwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimeko zendalo kwimimandla yemveliso yorhwebo mbilu.

Yinyani zombini mazwe eziphuhlisa ingqalelo imveliso okuziinkozo kazwelonke:

- China umeme lizwe kwiinkampani ezinkulu Asia kaThixo benza lombutho ukulinywa yorhwebo yombona, okutsala amava amazwe kweli nokudalwa amashishini mihla ngenxa kwimveliso kwabavuni ukudla kunye nokuphucula impumelelo yabo.

- India basilela ukusombulula ingxaki ukusetyenziswa kakuhle ozozogidi zazo, nto leyo yenza i-10% ye-nesinqumka yehlabathi. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, nakwenzeka oomatshini yemveliso yezolimo, xa wasefama umlinganiselo eehektare 1.5 zomhlaba olimekayo.

Amazwe eziphambili ekuthumeleni ingqolowa, ngokutsho iingcali zeBhunga seeNkozo International, akayi kuba nako kule minyaka izayo ukwandisa imveliso main izityalo zemakethi yehlabathi - ingqolowa, umbona nerayisi.

Intsingiselo sele wabonakalaliswa kumazwe okuziinkozo-ngaphandle kwe ikhweyitha esemazantsi (Australia, Argentina), ibonisa ukuba isivuno lezityalo eziziinkozo kumazwe ngaphandle kunyaka 2012/2013, ukulima kusenokuba phantsi ngenxa yezizathu yemozulu.

Xa inani kumazwe okuziinkozo-ngaphandle kwe kumntla ikhweyitha ngenxa yezizathu iimeko zemozulu kakuhle kunyaka ophelileyo kwaye lombutho ayiphumelelanga ukudala oovimba zokulima imbewu high quality.

amazwe ngabanye Ukuthumela wamvusa kakhulu ekupheleni kuka-2011, amaxabiso ingqolowa koovimba kwiminyaka engaphambili ukuba ningekabi nakomelela ukuthengisa inzuzo ngayo.

Iqela kumazwe amazwe (Russia, Ukraine) ukuthintela okanye ukunqanda ukuthunyelwa nomnikelo walo, nayo leyo ekhokelela amaxabiso aphezulu kurhwebo okuziinkozo.

Ukushwankathela kubonwe iintsingiselo ezibalulekileyo kwimarike okuziinkozo, unako ukuqulunqa ezinye izigqibo:

- supply okuziinkozo kwimarike yehlabathi ngo-2012 ziya kuwa, kodwa abafunwayo ngokwendalo ngakumbi ukwandisa;

- ezininzi abathenga ukutya okuziinkozo akayi buthathaka imfuno ongenisa okuziinkozo ngokuncama ukukhula ekhaya imveliso iimeko zendalo kunye nezoqoqosho, kodwa oovimba lwemali ukwandisa ukuthenga kubo ziya kulahleka;

- kukho imeko apho kumazwe awukwazi ukunika imali eceliwe okuziinkozo wexabiso kunye namazwe athumela imveliso akayi kuba nako ukuthenga ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zonke Isixa esisacetywayo okuziinkozo;

- enyanisweni, ingxaki kukungakwazi zikhule nowokunyusa asakhasayo kumazwe-abathenga yengqolowa ngeendleko ukuba inxalenye enkulu yengqolowa lwehlabathi ukufikelela ngexabiso ekuvunyelwene ngayo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe;

- iimeko zemozulu ngo-2012, njengoko kwiminyaka edlulileyo, kuya kuba nefuthe kakhulu elibi kwiziphumo kwimveliso okuziinkozo.