Port of Odessa: ulwazi olusisiseko, imbali, imisebenzi port

Kukho kumazibuko amaninzi ehlabathini. Baqalisa kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezadlulayo, xa ndlela lula ukuhamba baba iindlela zolwandle. Zazisetyenziswa ubukhulu becala urhwebo kunye kamva kuphela - ukuhamba. Kakade ke, kwathathwa anjalo akasoloko ekhuselekile. Kodwa ezinye iindlela kunokuba kube nje. uhambo Boat ayesoloko ligutyungelwe luthando kunye iintlobo ngeentlobo zamabali umdla. Kubonakala ukuba, ngethuba ukufaneleka yokukhangela ebegqwese lifinyele. Noko ke, oko akunjalo. Okwangoku, kukho ezininzi amaqhina, simi phakathi leyo ngaphandle kwizibuko Odessa. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela kanye kule sayithi, imbali kunye neempawu zayo.

Odessa port: iziseko

Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba siqonde ukuba yintoni na ngeqhina lomtshato. Inyathelo lokuqala ukunika inkcazo jikelele ngaye uze uthethe ngayo kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba ngoku. Ngenxa yoko, Odessa izibuko ulwandle - into enkulu, omnye Ukutsho ke ndithi, isango ulwandle ukuya kunxweme kuLwandle Black. Lubonakala njengenye yezona ndawo inkulu ezivenkileni, nto leyo iwonga ebalulekileyo yamazwe ngamazwe. Kubhaliwe ikhona, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngentla, kunxweme, kwi-Gulf of Odessa. Ngokwahlukeneyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izibuko iquka kumalungu ayo omnye iiterminal kunayo eYurophu. Kwaye elicandelo ungakhuphisana kwiziza zaselwandle inkulu ehlabathini lonke.

Xa wabonakala?

Abaninzi abanomdla umbuzo wokuba ingaba, kodwa yayakhiwe xa kwizibuko Odessa. Ukuqala lokwakha ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, kwaye kanye ngakumbi ku 1794. Kakade, esi sakhiwo zange exhobele unyaka omnye. Phantse ngo-1905 waza wathenga imbono kufutshane inkangeleko yayo namhlanje. Xa sijonga kwimbali yoBukhosi baseRashiya, kwizibuko Odessa wathabatha indawo yesibini ngokwemiqathango nengeniso ye nemithwalo eyahlukeneyo. Ngokutsho kwezi zalathisi ngalo mzuzu kanye ngaphambi St. Petersburg itayi.

indaba

Ngoko ke, siye thaca inkcazelo esisiseko malunga into Odessa ulwandle izibuko, kwakunye ezinye iinkcukacha nokusebenza kwayo. Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ngembali yaso njengoba kunjalo zizityebi iziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Ekuqaleni, lo sibonelelo amathemba enkulu. Kwacetywa ukuba kuya kubakho izinto ezithunyelwa eziphambili New Russia kunye Ukraine kwamanye amazwe nge kuLwandle Black. Leyo injongo ekwakhiweni.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukwakhiwa lento yaqala ngo-1794. Nje kwenzeka ukuba kusekutsha 1801 mu kuba inkokeli turnover yempahla kunye neziko enkulu lorhwebo Odessa. Odessa port ngeli xesha wahlala kwindawo ephambili. Kuba ekwakhiweni kwayo sele echithe ngaphezu kwe-300 lamawaka. Engange, ngelo xesha ingqalelo isixa esikhulu. Ngu engama lokumisa-50 iye bugwetyelwe onke amathemba phezu kwawo, waphula zonke iintlobo zeerekhodi. Ukusuka Odessa ngexesha aye athunyelwa okuziinkozo ngaphezu lonke Melika. Impahla turnover zonke amazibuko Russian ke wesibini kuphela eSt Petersburg.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba uyezibuko kwiMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Odessa wathabatha inxalenye enkulu kwiMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Ngowe-1941, esi sixeko yayibiyelwe. Kwathatha i imigudu amazing yobuqhawe ukuba alwe kuhlasela German. Defense yathatha ixesha elide - kangangoko 73 iintsuku. Port of Odessa ibe luncedo olukhulu kwesi maxesha anzima. Uya ukuququzelela iinkqubo ezininzi, ezifana nofumaniso amadoda iindidi iimbumbulu, izixhobo kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko.

Kuvumelekile ukuba kuphunywe kwizibuko abantu besixeko, amajoni ababuleweyo ze lithwale izixhobo zeenkampani ezahlukeneyo. Ubukho kule sayithi kwaye ukukwazi ukufezekisa izinto ekunene imizila akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale ngaphandle ukuziphendulela ngempumelelo yaye emangalisayo elide umzi, ngelo xesha yayibiyelwe. Ngeli xesha, izibuko yayonakele kakhulu. Noko ke, ukubuyiselwa kwalo yaqala ngo-1944, phambi kokuba imfazwe.

anika umdla

Ngenxa yoko, ngoku akukacaci indima ebalulekileyo ebidlalwe yi izibuko ebomini isixeko kunye nelizwe lonke ixesha ikhona. ngokwenene Gate Sea Black Marine yaye kuhlala hub yothutho ebalulekileyo. Ukongeza, kukho ezininzi samanqaku umdla namabali ezinxulumene nale nto ibalulekileyo. Omnye wabo kunxulumene izimpahla yakhiwe apha. Oku yezakhiwo kusetyenziswa izimpahla.

Apha ke zakhiwa ngenkulungwane yokuqala XX kwaye zatsala ingqalelo ababhali ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Baya weza uhlobo isisikhokelo ezinika esixekweni. Kananjalo ndikhankanye ngabo emsebenzini wakhe umbhali "Le emangcwabeni Skulyany" V. Kataev. Inkcazelo izitora edibana omnye umbhali Russian - A.Kuprin. Kwenye obizwa "Gambrinus" amabali akhe Ungafumana sicatshulwa umdla. Yena othetha ngendlela ukothula iinqanawa. Ngaphezu koko, umbhali uchaza le nkqubo endalweni.

port namhlanje

Ngoko ke, oko ingqalelo kwizibuko ngobuchule kakhulu ngawo onke amaxesha. Abantu abaninzi mhlawumbi ukuzibuza lo mbuzo: yintoni indima yalo namhlanje? Ngaba na waphulukana ukufaneleka kwayo? Impendulo engagungqiyo lo mbuzo ayikho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, kwizibuko Odessa kananjalo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ezahlukeneyo kwempahla. Kakade ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba i-1990, njengezininzi kwezinye izinto, oko busezingxakini, kuba ivolyum kweempahla abathuthwayo ehle ngokumangalisayo. abasebenzi abaninzi kule meko esinzima kwakuyimfuneko ukufuna umsebenzi kwezinye kumazibuko.

Noko ke, ukususela kowama-2000, imeko waqalisa ukuphucula: impahla turnover kancane kuyanda. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho uhlaziyo ebalulekileyo yale ndawo. Zase Odessa port abe ubude kweekhilomitha ezili-9. iindawo ezininzi candelo zaye ngokutsha. Ngokomzekelo, omnye uMarina, ihotele kunye nezinye. Njengoko ka-2009, imithwalo turnover kunyaka yaba malunga nama-34 ezigidi zeetoni imithwalo leyo sisalathisi obalaseleyo.