Pimen, uMphathiswa weMoscow kunye ne-Russia yonke (Izvekov Sergey Mikhailovich)

Umphathiswa omkhulu uPimen Izvekov wayeyinkokeli yeCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRussia iminyaka elilishumi elinesithoba: ukususela ngoJuni 3, 1971 ukuya kuMeyi 3, 1990. Nangona kubakho ukususela ekufeni kwale ngqungquthela eyaziwayo i-ROC idlulile kwikota yeshumi leminyaka, kwaye nanamhlanje, amanye amaphepha e-biography ayengaziwa ebantwini kwaye ibangela umdla okhulayo phakathi kwama-Orthodox.

Intsapho yexesha elizayo

Abazali benzalamizi yesikhathi esizayo kwakunguMikhail Karpovich Izvekov noPelageya Afanasyevna Izvekova, ebuntwaneni bo-Ivanov. Uyise wazalelwa kwidolophana yaseKobylino, kufuphi neKaluga, ngowe-1867, kwaye wachitha ixesha lobomi bakhe njengomkhenkethi kwi-A. Morozov kwidolophana yaseGlukhovo. Ngokuphathelele umama kaSergei Izvekov, eli gama lilawulwa ngu-patriarch Pimen, yena, engumfazi onqabileyo ngokwenene, wayedla ngohambo lwee-Orthodox zaseRussia. Inkwenkwe uSeryozha wayengowokugqibela kwabantwana aba-6 kwintsapho, kwaye ngexesha lokuzalwa kwakhe kuphela udadewabo omdala uMaria wahlala ephila, kwaye abazali bakhe babeneminyaka engama-40 ubudala.

Ubuntwana

USergei Mikhailovich Izvekov wazalelwa ngo-1910 eKobylino. Umntwana wabhaptizwa ecaweni yedolophana yaseGlukhovo eselumelwane, ngamanye amaxesha ucinga ngephutha ngendawo yokuzalwa encinci, kwaye udade wakhe waba nguyise. Njengomntwana, abantwana kunye nomama babedla ukuhamba kwiindawo ezingcwele, ngexesha apho badibana nabadala abadumileyo belo xesha. Emva kokuba engumfana, uSergei waqala ukuhamba yedwa okanye kunye nabahlobo bakhe. Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-biography yakhe esemthethweni, xa i- Patriarch of All Russia i- Pimen yafika kwindwendwe ebizwa ngokuba yi-Holy Diveevo yabasetyhini ehamba ngehambo, u-Maria ohlala ehlala apho wabiza loo mfana ukuba yinkosi kwaye wafuna ukuba izicathulo zakhe zibekwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Imfundo:

USergei Izvekov ufumana imfundo yesibini kwisikolo saseBelgorod esilandelwayo. Korolenko. Ngelo xesha, wayebhekwa njengomnye wabafundi abakhutheleyo, kwaye eneminyaka eyi-13 wamenywa ukuba acule kwingoma yeBogoliivensky Cathedral eBelgorod, apho uSolwazi Alexander Vorontsov wayebandakanye naye. Ukuphumelela kwakhe ekuculeni nasekugqibeleni ubugcisa kubangelwa ukuba kungekudala le nsizwa yaqala ukukhokela i-choir kwaye yenza imisebenzi ye-diaconal. Ngexesha elifanayo, wabhala ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye wabhala izibongo eziphathekayo zonqulo.

UMphathiswa wePimen: i-biography emva kokuthatha i-tonsure

Ngethuba lokugqiba uSergei Izvekov wayenenjongo eqinile yokuba yi-monk. Ngaloo nto, ngo-1925 wafika kwinkunzi-mkhulu, wathatha i-tonsure kwi-riasofore, wafumana igama likaPlato. Ngelo xesha, le nsizwa yahlala eSitensky Monastery, apho, nangona kunjalo, yahlala ifutshane kakhulu. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, eDeni loMoya oyiNgcwele uParaklita, ogunyaziwe nguThathu-St Sergius Lavra, waxhaswa njengomonki phantsi kwegama elithi Pimen, kwaye ngo-1930 wamisela i-hierodeacon.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini

Kwixesha lamaSoviet, iidonki zabizelwa kwinkonzo ngokubanzi. I-Pimen ayizange ibe yinto ehlukile. Ukhokho-ntloko wakhonza kwi-Red Army ukususela ngo-1932 ukuya ku-1934. Ngaloo ndlela, xa wayebizelwa emacaleni omkhosi osebenzayo ngo-1941, wayesele eqeqeshelwa impi. I-lieutenant Izvekov oMkhulu waba nxaxheba ekulweni kwaye walimala ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Xa ngo-1943 wathunyelwa esibhedlele emva komncintiswano, umyalelo weyunithi ngokugqithiseleyo uyicinga ukuba ulahlekile. Emva kokupheliswa kwonyango u-Izvekov akazange abuyele phambili, njengoko wafunda ngomyalelo okhulula abefundisi kwi-draft. Nangona kunjalo, wabanjwa njengomfundisi ofihlakeleyo, kwaye ngoJanuwari 1945 wagwetyelwa entolongweni yokunyanzeliswa kweminyaka eyi-10.

Umfundisi ongekho mthethweni wathatyathwa ekampini yaseVorkuto-Pechora, esekwe ngaphaya kweArctic Circle. Kwakuncedo kakhulu okhethekileyo, okwakunePimen. Umphathi-ntaphontsi ngethuba leminyaka yenkonzo yempi wathola isiqinisekiso segosa lonyango, kwaye amagosa ammisela ukuba acetywe ngonyango. Ngethamsanqa, ukuvalelwa entolongweni akuzange kudlule ixesha elide, kwaye uSergei Izvekov wakhululwa phantsi koxolelo lwabalindi bemfazwe ngoSeptemba 1945. Ngalesi sikhathi, impilo yakhe yayigxininiswe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ekubuyeni kwakhe kwindlunkulu, wafumanisa ukuba unesifo sofuba esiswini. Ngaloo ndlela, de kube sekupheleni kobusika ngo-1946, uHeromonomon Pimen wayephethwe unyango.

Biography emva kowe-1946

Emva kokuphulukana, ngo-Matshi 1946, uPatrician Pimen, ongu-biography ayengakhange aphandwe ngokupheleleyo, wamiselwa abefundisi beCathedral yaseMurom Blagoveshchensky, kwaye emva konyaka waphakanyiswa kwisikhundla se-hegumen. Iinkumbulo zabantu abavela kwisangqa sakhe esiseduze zigcinwe, ezifaka ubungqina obubuhlungu obubufumanayo xa eqhuba iinkonzo, kuba wayephoqelelwe ukuba agqoke i-corset ngenxa yesigulo sokugula.

Ngowe-1954, iSonto eliNgcwele leCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRussia yanquma ukuvakalisa iPimen njengoBhishophu waseBaltia. Kamva, naye wabamba izithuba ezibalulekileyo, kuquka ne-Patriarchate yaseMoscow.

I-Biography emva kokhetho njengenhloko ye-ROC

Ngexesha lokufa koMphathiswa omkhulu uAlexis oPhezulu lweMetropolitan Pimen nguye owayengumdala kunikezelwa ngamalungu angunaphakade eSood. Ngako oko, ngokwemigodi yokubamba, nguye nguye owamkela njenge-Locum Tenens yeTrone yesiTrone. Ukususela ngowe-1970 ukubhiyozelwa iminyaka eyi-100 ye "Leader of World Proletariat", abaphathi baseSoviet bavimbela ibhunga lendawo eMoscow. Kule nkalo, uPimen Patriarch waseMoscow uthathe lo msebenzi kuphela ngoMeyi 30, 1971.

Ubulungiseleli bakhe njengokuba i-RIC ye-RIC ihambelane nexesha elinzima ebomini beCawa, njengoko ilizwe laseSoviet lifuna ukulawula ngokuthe ngqo imisebenzi yemibutho yonqulo. Kule nkalo, ababingeleli babesele baqaphele, njengokuba kwenza iPimen. U-Patriarch wazi ukuba le yindlela kuphela yokuphepha intshutshiso. Ngokukodwa, washiya "i-Letter Great" ka-A. Solzhenitsyn engaphendulwa, njengoko wayekholelwa ukuba ibandla alifanele liphazamise kwimicimbi yobomi belizwe. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezichaphazelekayo ezichaphazelekayo kwi-RIC, wazibonakalisa ngokucacileyo isikhundla sakhe.

Emva kwexesha, wakwazi ukuqinisa igunya lecawa. Ngokomzekelo, owokuqala wabaPatriliki baseMoscow ukuhambisa intetho kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo ngo-1982 kwakuyiPimen. Inzalamizi yakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kwisiganeko esibalulekileyo ebomini ye-RIC - ukubhiyozelwa kwimeko yokukhumbula iminyaka engu-1000 yobhaptizo lukaRus.

Enjalo, kunzima, kwakukho ubomi obungapheliyo kwinduna.

Umphathi-ntaphanzi Pimen: umngcwabo

Kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe uSergei Mikhailovich Izvekov wayegula kakhulu. Ukufa kwakhe kwamfumana ngoMeyi 3, 1990 eMoscow. I-Pimen Patriarch yaseMoscow yamngcwaba iintsuku ezintathu emva kwelabafileyo ngaphambi kwakhe, uAcryption First, kwi-crypt ye-Assumption Cathedral yoBathathu Emnye-uSergius Lavra, othandwa nguye. Umkhosi wokuyeka ukungahambisani nawo wawunzima kakhulu kwimeko yezingcingo kumendo wokugqibela we-Alexy II ngo-2008, kodwa wahluke ekungcwabeni kwababingeleli beROC abashiye eli hlabathi phambi kwakhe kwiminyaka yobukhosi baseSoviet.

Ngonyaka ka-2010, ngokuhlonipha iminyaka eyi-100 yokuzalwa kwakhe, kwakhiwa isikhumbuzo ku-Patriarch Pimen e-Noginsk. Umzobo wezithombe ngumlungu weManyano yabalingisi baseRussia Innokenty Valeryevich Komochkin. Ukuveliswa kwekiso lesikhumbuzo yonke i-granite slabs kunye neethusi.