Phosphorus oxide

Phosphorus uyaziwa kwaye abahlukunyezwa semichiza German H. Brandt ngo-1669. Kwindalo, lwesi sakhi ifumaneka kuphela ngokohlobo iikhompawundi. izimbiwa uMajor - phosphorite Ca3 (PO4) 2 kunye apatite 3Ca3 (PO4) 2 • CaF2 okanye Ca5F (PO4) 3. Ngaphaya koko, i element ziyinxalenye protein, kwaye kananjalo ifumaneka amazinyo namathambo. Ukumila kakhulu lula idityaniswe mpilo chlorine. Agqithisile ezi izinto akhekha khompawundi igcwala (for P) +5, kunye nokunqongophala - in igcwala zikarhulumente +3. phosphorus oksayidi angamelwa ifomula eziliqela ukubonisa iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwabo, eyona oqhelekileyo - into P2O5 kunye P2O3. Amanye oxides enqabileyo kakuhle bafunda zezi: P4O7, P4O8, P4O9, PO kunye P2O6.

Indlela phosphorus kwiziqalelo ezingenamandla, oxygen igcwala lwenzeka kancinci. Unomdla ngokweenkalo zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, ebumnyameni, ukukhanya ebonakalayo ngokucacileyo, leyo walandela. Okwesibini, igcwala ye into imichiza kusoloko uthatha indawo ekumisweni ozone. Oku kubangelwa kukunika eliphakathi - phosphoryl PO - nkqubo: P + O2 → PO + Owu, ngoko: O + O2 → O3. Okwesithathu, igcwala ngenxa utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwi Unikezelo lombane zezulu okukufutshane ngenxa ionization yayo. Ukuqhela yokukhanya ngaphandle ayaphola ebonakalayo, phakathi ekudibaneni kwemichiza kuthiwa chemiluminescence. Xa iimeko kufumile chemiluminescence eluhlaza ngenxa ekumisweni PO eliphakathi.

phosphorus igcwala kwenzeka kuphela kwi enamandla ethile oxygen. Kufuneka sibe ngaphantsi embundwini ubuncinane nangaphezulu ubuninzi uxinzelelo kwenxenye O2. Ikhefu ngokwayo kuxhomekeke lobushushu kunye nezinye izinto. Ngokomzekelo, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, izinga indlela ioksijini ecocekileyo, ukunyuka phosphorus igcwala de ifikelela mmHg 300. Art. ukya ekupheleni nya xa ioksijini xi inxenye ngoko sinciphile kwaye ukuwa ukufikelela 700 mm HG. Art. nangaphezulu. Ngoko ke, lo oxide ayakhekanga phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ukuze phosphorus phantse hayi oxidized.

phosphorus pentoxide

I-phosphorus pentoxide kakhulu udla oxide okanye oxides ngaphezulu phosphorus, P2O5. It is a ngumgubo emhlophe livumba ivuza. Xa kumiselwa ngababini sobunzima bayo lwalusanda, kwafunyaniswa ukuba irekhodi eyanele P4O10 wayo ifomula. Le into nonflammable, linyibilike kwi 565,6 C. I-acetic P2O5 oxide -kislotny zonke iipropati iimpawu, kodwa esenza ako ukufuma, ukuze sisetyenziswe njenge ulwelo desiccant okanye iigesi. phosphorus oksayidi singathatha amanzi, nto leyo eyinxalenye imichiza. I-acetic ukhandwa ukutshiswa phosphorus kwindawo umoya oksijini okanye nomoya, imali eyaneleyo O2 scheme: 4P + 5O2 → 2P2O5. Lusetyenziswa ekuveliseni H3PO4 acid. Xa wadibana amanzi ukwenza acid ezintathu:

• metaphosphoric: P2O5 + H2O → 2HPO3;
• pyrophosphoric: P2O5 + 2H2O → H4P2O7;
• Phosphoric: P2O5 + 3H2O → 2H3PO4.

phosphorus pentoxide Iba neziphumo eziyingozi xa idibene namanzi kunye nezinto eziqulathe amanzi, ezifana iinkuni okanye cotton. Oku kwenza isixa esikhulu ubushushu ukuba ekwazi nokubangela umlilo. Yenza ngesinyithi kunye bayandikruqula (ukuba kakhulu ukutsha ulusu, amehlo) kunye ngokuma inwebu yangaphakathi, nkqu phantsi 1 mg / m³ lamanani.

phosphorus trioxide

acetic phosphorous okanye phosphorus trioxide, P2O3 (P4O6) - yinto crystalline omhlophe eqinileyo (wax imbonakalo ezifana), nto leyo linyibilike kubushushu ka 23.8 C nezilonda kwi 173,7 C. Njengoko a phosphorous emhlophe, P2O3 inetyhefu kakhulu . Le oxide asidi, nazo zonke iipropati ayo. Phosphorus oksayidi 3 luqokelelane ngenxa igcwala kade okanye ukutshiswa ukwimo mahala (P) kwimeko apho kukho ukuswela-oksijini. Phosphorus trioxide ihlangana kancinci ngamanzi abandayo ukwenza acid: P2O3 + 3H2O → 2H3PO3. Le oksayidi phosphorus Lize ngamandla ngamanzi ashushu, abasabela yenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, isiphumo abanokwenza phosphor obomvu (modified podukt allotropic), hydride iphosphate kunye asidi: H3PO3 kunye H3PO4. yokubola Thermal of P4O6 acetic kulandele cleavage ezi athom phosphorus, apho umxube kwakheka oxides of P4O7, P4O8, P4O9. Ngokutsho isakhiwo ziyafana P4O10. Eyona bafunda kwezi P4O8.