Njani na ummiselo zentliziyo?

Makhe sithethe ngendlela ummiselo kwentliziyo. Yiyo lo mzimba kuyinto ebalulekile kwaye kubalulekile emzimbeni womntu. Kwaba phantsi emsebenzini wakhe ngokupheleleyo kuqhubeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo neyaneleyo yabo bonke amalungu, iinkqubo, iiseli. Intliziyo ibakhulule izondlo neoksijini, eyenza ukuhlanjululwa ephilayo kwezinto ezibangelwa ukutya.

Kwezinye iimeko, ummiselo entliziyweni egxobhekile. Cinga imiba enxulumene nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi ilungu eliyintloko komzimba womntu.

Iimpawu eminye

Njani na ummiselo iimpahla ngentliziyo negazi? Le umzimba lo nempompo inzima. Kubume bayo kukho ezine isebe, ngokuba iikhamera ezahlukeneyo. bashiya amagama amabini kunye nomthambo tye, kwaye ezimbini ngokuba ventricles. Isendaweni ngaphezulu intendelezo kunokuba zibhityile-enqatyisiweyo, ubunzima engundoqo imisipha ngentliziyo wababela ventricles.

Ummiselo kwentliziyo lu dityanisiwe igazi lokumpompa kwi ucutheko zesingqisho kunye ukucuthwa izihlunu zomzimba. ukunciphisa ixesha ekuthiwa lekhefu systole ehambelana konedumbe, ebizwa diastole.

kwegazi

Okokuqala imithambo ngexesha systole, umsebenzi ke atrial. igazi lwemithambo iqokelelwa ngokusebenzisa umzimba engena intendelezo ekunene. Apha, ulwelo betekisi, oko eyipasile ventricle ekunene. Le sayithi iya ukumpompa igazi, ngokuthumela ibe kwegazi miphungeni. Yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba womnatha nemithambo ojikeleze emiphungeni. Kweli nqanaba, exchange igesi kwenzeka. ioksijini uwabonisa ubengena negazi, enyakamisa kuyo, ephuma carbon igazi dioxide. igazi nomoya ukhokelwa ukuba intendelezo ekhohlo, ngoko ayajika kungena ventricle ekhohlo. Yile yinxalenye intliziyo womelele kakhulu enkulu. imithwalo yakhe ziquka igazi ukutyhala ngokusebenzisa aorta ukuya kwegazi. Uya ngomzimba, angena nayo ukusuka carbon dioxide.

Iimpawu ze ukusebenza kwimikhumbi intliziyo yegazi

Ummiselo iimpahla intliziyo negazi ezinxulumene nenkqubo yombane. Yaba yena obonelela ukungongoza zesingqisho entliziyweni, ukuncitshiswa yayo periodicity, nokuphumla. Umphezulu umzimba igutyungelwe kwimicu ezininzi, ekwaziyo ukwenza, ukudlulisa iminqweno zombane ezahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu eziqala ngaphakathi esiludumbo sinus, ebizwa i "pacemaker". Le ndawo obuphezu eziyintloko intendelezo ekunene. Umdali kuyo, uphawu idlula imithambo, libangela unciphiso. Ngoko isantya wahlulwe kungena ventricles, ukudala yindibanisela zesingqisho imicu kwezihlunu.

Iintshukumo zentliziyo izihlunu phezulu uluhlu abadala ukusuka amathandathu ukuya asibhozo rate ngomzuzu ngamnye. Ukuba kuthiwa ukubetha kwentliziyo. Kuba ilungisa umsebenzi wombane intliziyo kwenkqubo ngamathuba electrocardiogram. Ngophando olunjalo kuyabonakala ukwakheka ngokwentshukumisa, kwakunye nentshukumo yayo entliziyweni, ukutyhila izitenxo kwiinkqubo ezinjalo.

Neuro-humoral ulawulo intliziyo edibene iimeko zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Umzekelo, iyangongoza intliziyo kwenzeka phantsi koxinzelelo kakhulu emphefumlweni. Kule nkqubo, kukho ummiselo adrenaline hormone. Ukuba uyakwazi ekunyuseni izinga intliziyo. ummiselo Humoral intliziyo ikwazi ukubona ezininzi iingxaki kunye nokubetha okuqhelekileyo, ngendlela ngexesha nya.

ezizuzwa

Abasebenzi bezempilo phantsi nolo silelo zibandakanya iintlobo kwephulwa ucutheko ngokupheleleyo kwisingqi kwentliziyo. iingxaki ezinjalo ezinokubangelwa ezahlukeneyo izinto. Umzekelo, ummiselo umsebenzi intliziyo luyenzeka izifo electrolytic yonyango, ukuphazamiseka kwezityalo. Ukongeza, ngexesha ukunxila kunye namayeza ezithile kuvela iingxaki.

iintlobo Common zokuphula

ummiselo ukoyika intliziyo lu dityanisiwe kwamathumbu kwezihlunu. Sinus tachycardia yi izishunqulelo lwaqho intliziyo. Ngapha koko, kusenokuba kukho iimeko apho inani zisaphila lifinyele. Esi sifo amayeza kuthiwa bradycardia sinus. Phakathi ukunyhashwa ezinobungozi enxulumene umsebenzi wentliziyo, siphawula tachycardia paraksizamalnuyu. Ukuba kukho kokunyuka ngequbuliso kwenani ibetha intliziyo ngomzuzu ukuya kwikhulu. Isigulane kufuneka zibekwe kwindawo tyaba, ngoko nangoko biza ugqirha.

Ummiselo kwentliziyo ezinxulumene fibrillation atrial, arrythmia. Naziphi yokuphazamiseka izinga lentliziyo eqhelekileyo kufuneka kube uphawu ukufikelela kwi cardiologist.

operation Automatic

Nokuphumla, imisipha intliziyo kuncitshiswa amaxesha malunga nekhulu lamawaka ngamini-nye. Kubalulekile ngeli xesha thuba malunga ezilishumi iitoni iimpompo igazi. Contractile umsebenzi intliziyo inikwa imisipha intliziyo. Ibhekisela esihlunwini striated, oko kukuthi, uye isakhiwo ethile. Iqulethe iiseli ezithile, apho excitation livela, ke idluliselwe eludongeni atrial kunye ventricular kwezihlunu. Ukuncitshiswa intliziyo lwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba. Okokuqala imithambo kwandule ventricles.

An automaton kuthiwa ukukwazi intliziyo ukuba nesivumelwano ngesingqi phantsi kwempembelelo neemvakalelo. Yiyo le phawu kuqinisekisa ukuzimela phakathi luvo kunye nokusebenza intliziyo.

Flasher

Ukwazi ukuba avareji yenani ibetha ngomzuzu kukuphinda 75, unokuthi ukwazi ukubala ixesha ukusikwa. Kwi-avareji, kuthatha imizuzwana malunga 0.8. Umjikelo epheleleyo luquka izigaba ezithathu:

• imizuzwana 0.1 ikhutshwa phandle bobabini ukusikwa atrial;
• Lihlala Kuze ukuncipha imizuzwana 0.3 ngo ventricles ekhohlo ne ekunene;
• lemizuzwana malunga 0.4 yi ukunyenyiswa iyonke.

kuthanjiswa ventricular kwenzeka kwimizuzwana eyi-0.4, ukuba onjalo kunelixesha lokuphumla atrial imizuzwana 0.7. Eli xesha yaneleyo angachacha ngokupheleleyo kwezihlunu.

Imiba echaphazela intliziyo

Amandla kunye neqondo intliziyo ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi omzimba womntu. Kunye nokwanda okukhulu kwinani izishunqulelo waphawula yophuhliso olujikeleza lokunikwa isixa esikhulu wegazi ngeyunithi ngexesha ngalinye. Xa ukunciphisa amandla kunye nezinga intliziyo kunciphise ejection igazi. Kuzo zombini ezi meko kukho utshintsho igazi lomzimba womntu, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi imeko yakhe.

Ukulungiswa intliziyo wenziwe kusincede, inkqubo yawo luvo inxaxheba kuyo. Amaza eza intliziyo iiseli zemithambo-luvo parasympathetic bazakucotha, buthathaka ukusikwa. Ukomeleza kunye iyangongoza ezinikezelwa luvo novelwano.

umsebenzi Humoral "imoto bomntu" ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo esebenzayo kunye nee-enzayim. Umzekelo, epinephrine (hormone adrenal), iikhompawundi calcium igalelo izinga lentliziyo rhoqo ngakumbi ndakumandisa.

ityuwa potassium, ngokuchaseneyo, ukunceda ukunciphisa inani emanxebani. Ukulungiselela inkqubo yegazi ukuba iimeko zangaphandle ukusebenzisa izinto humoral kunye nokusebenza luvo.

Ngexesha ekwenzeni umsebenzi wezandla kukho flow neemvakalelo evela izihlunu kunye nemisipha receptors kwinkqubo luvo, elawula ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kubekho ukwanda kwemali ukuba la entliziyweni luvo enovelwano, igazi iphoswe adrenaline. Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani izishunqulelo intliziyo ephilayo kufuneka imali eyongezelelweyo zizondlo neoksijini.