Uluhlu lweNcinci

Kubantu, ukusabalalisa kuvaliwe. Valiwe ngenxa yokuba engenawo umyalezo kunye nommandla wangaphandle. Ukongezelela, ukujikelezwa kwegazi komntu kuphelile kwaye kubini. Kupheleleyo kuthiwa ngokuba igazi (i-venous and arterial) ayixubeki.

Emzimbeni, isangqa esikhulu kunye nesincinci segazi sisodwa. Kukho nesithathu. Kwakhona kuthiwa "ngokusuka enhliziyweni" kwaye yenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.

Ingqungquthela ye-pulmonary (encinci) yokujikeleza kwegazi iqala kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo. Umsebenzi oyintloko kukuzalisa igazi nge-oxygen, ekupheliseni i- carbon dioxide. Emiphakeni, igesi iyatshintshana.

Isangqa esincinci sokujikeleza kwegazi simele ngale ndlela ilandelayo. I-oxygen engeyiyo i-oxygen (venous) ivela kwi-ventricle (ngasekunene) kwi-trum pulmonary trunk. I-trunk (i-artery enkulu kunazo zonke ezifakwe kwisangqa esincinci se-circulation) ihlukaniswe kwimibhobho ekhohlo kunye nefanelekileyo (i-pulmonary). Ukusuka kunene, ukungena kuya kumphunga wesokudla, ukusuka kwesobunxele - ukuya kwesobunxele, ngokulandelanayo. Emva koko kukho ukuhlukana kwamatriyari emaphammonary ibe yincinci.

Isangqa esincinci sokujikeleza kwegazi kuquka i-capillaries, esondela ngokuthe ngqo kummandla wangaphakathi wemiphunga. Lo mhlaba uqhagamshelana nomoya womoya. Igazi kwi-capillaries lihlukaniswe emoyeni kuphela ngeendonga ze-capillaries ngokwabo kunye nodonga olunqabileyo lwemiphunga. Ezi zithintelo zincinci kangangokuba kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo i- carbon dioxide kunye ne-oxygen ziyakwazi ukungena ngaphandle kobunzima ngabo. Ngaloo ndlela, basuka kwimimandla yongxininiso ephezulu ukuya kwiindawo ezincinci. Ngokubhekiselele kwinto yokuba kwiimvini ze-carbon dioxide ngaphezulu, idlula emoyeni, apho, ngokulandelanayo, ngaphantsi. Kwaye, ekubeni kukho i-oksijini engaphezulu emoyeni, idlula kuma-capillaries.

Amanye ama-capillary e-pulmonary ajoyina aze agijime kwiinqanawa ezinkulu. Ezo zinto, zingena kwiinqanawa ezinkulu nakwiimvini. Ngenxa yoko, ezine imvini emikhulu (pulmonary) yenziwe. Ngaloo ndlela, isangqa esincinci sokujikeleza kwegazi siphela kwi-atrium ekhohlo.

Isikhathi sokujikeleza sisekuhlaleni kwemitha emine ukuya kwemihlanu. Umjikelezo omncinci wokujikeleza kwegazi uquka ukuhamba kwegazi eliyi-venous ngokusebenzisa imirhobho, kunye negazi elichaphazelekayo liphuma emithanjeni.

Kukho ixesha lokuhamba kwesekethe. Ngeli xesha, igazi lidlula zombini izibonda - zombini ncinane kunye nkulu. Ekuphumleni kuthatha imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwamashumi amathathu. Ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha kubangela ukunyuka kwejubane. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhamba kwegazi kwizibini zombini kungabikho ukusuka kumasibhozo ukuya kweyesithoba.

Ukuthetha malunga nokuhamba komlambo obomvu emzimbeni, kuyimfuneko ukukhankanya iinxalenye ezithatha inxaxheba kuyo. Ngoko, ekuhambeni, i-ventricles kunye ne-atria, imitha ye-artery, i-aorta, i-capillaries, imithanjeni engezantsi engenamanzi, i -capillary yamapulomeri kunye neetriyri, imivilini, i-alveoli, kunye ne- coronary art.

Ngoncedo lwemithambo yegazi kukho ukuhamba kwegazi phakathi kwamalungu ahlukeneyo, izicubu kunye nentliziyo. Iimitha zeemitha ziphuma entliziyweni. Bathumela igazi kwizicubu kunye namalungu. Iimitha zeemitha ziyaziwa ngamanzi amakhulu kunye neendonga ezixineneyo, ezinokumelana nexinzelelo eliphezulu legazi.

Iimitha zeearbri ziquka iigobolondo eziliqela: ngaphakathi, ngaphandle nangaphakathi.

I-lumen yeempahla iyalawulwa yinkqubo yeentlanzi (izityalo) kwaye inganciphisa okanye ikhuphuke ngenxa yomsebenzi wemisipha elula. Ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zaloo okanye loo mzimba, kunye nokushisa kwendalo.

Iimitha zeetyhubhu kunye nezitho zihamba kwiinqanawa ezine-lumen encinci, ekugqibeleni zijika zibe ngama-capillari. Batshintshisisa izondlo kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko kubomi phakathi kweeseli negazi. I-Capillaries, kwakhona, zidibanisa i-venules ne-arterioles.