Nickel ezinoxinano kunye nezinye iimpawu. nickel ore

Nickel (Ni) - lilungu eekhemikhali ngamaxesha kwenkqubo Mendeleev, nto leyo ifakiwe triad Fe, Co, Ni. Nickel i ezibengezelayo umbala omhlophe kunye Ndileka obonakalayo ubuhle. Usakulungelwa ezinye iintsimbi ukwenza aluminium ngexesha elifanayo.

Ukufunyanwa nickel

nickel ore ivunjululwe kuqala ekhemesti evela Sweden A. Cronstedt ngo-1751. Kudala phambi kokuba mgodini yayo uvula ukusuka ore Saxony wayesazi kakuhle ukuba ngokwangaphandle sasifana yobhedu. Kuye isetyenziswe ukwenza iimveliso steklovarami eluhlaza. Rhoqo steelmakers belo xesha ezama ukufumana kule intsila sobhedu, kodwa zonke iinzame zabo ziye akuphumelelanga. Ngoko ke, ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII. Nickel metal got igama layo lokuqala - ". Umtyholi okanye lokucutha" "kupfernikel", nto leyo ithetha Mineralogist Cronstedt wakwazi ukufumana oxide eluhlaza, yaye kunciphiso yokugqibela yayifunyenwe nickel ngokwayo.

uphenyo metal ozibandakanye isazinzulu Bergman. Ukwamkela ngendlela yayo esulungekileyo, oko onako ukunizimasa ukuba iimpawu nickel kufutshane iimpawu yentsimbi. Kabanzi, olu ufundwa nezinye abaphandi, ukususela Proust. Ngokuthe ngcembe ziqiniseke iimpawu zazo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka lexinene ku nickel. Enyanisweni, igama elithi "Nikkel" i mgodini igama emdaka. Avela Niccolaus egqwethekileyo bakhonza isiqhulo duplicitous, abantu lukhohlisayo. Intsingiselo yesibini ulizwi 'umoya zokweyelisela, "" yevila. "

nickel ezinoxinano kunye nezinye izakhiwo

Nickel uye iipropati ezifana ductility kunye malleability. Ezi mpawu zenza kube lula ukuba ukubhentsisa ingqesho yayo. Ukususela amaxwebhu yesinyithi ifunyenwe kunye neetyhubhu. Nickel - material kunokuba ixesha elide. amandla alo uqine ngu 450 MPA. Ngoko ke vysokoplastichen, kananjalo enokumelana high umhlwa. Le conductivity thermal nickel yi 90,1 W / (m · K) (kwi-25 ° C).

ores geni iqulathe izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo ezintlanu izinzile. Nickel ihlelwa nesinyithi. Nickel konga 8902 kg / m ^3. Kuyinto ngaphezulu kabini ngaphezu koko of titanium, kodwa ixabiso layo kwenani ilingana lexinene zezobhedu.

Ingaba nickel okona layigubungela?

Nickel iyamelana lobushushu eliphezulu. Ukuba olu lisetyenziswa kwimeko mveliso, oko kudla wayifulela oxide umboniso, ngentwana ukufiphala kancinane. Kwakhona nje obubhenqwe irusi. Akenzi kuyo, yaye acid - nokuba organic okanye ezingaphiliyo. Rust asibandakanyi olu nkqu utywala kushushu. Ngoko ke, nickel isoloko isetyenziswa kwishishini kokutya.

Apho ixhomekeke umhlwa nickel?

Xa iyonke kukho ezinye iindawo apho metal ziya kutshatyalaliswa. Okokuqala, oko amanzi olwandle. Ngaphezu koko, oko kakubi ichaphazela isisombululo hayiphoklorayithi obrak. Isalfure kuzakubangela umhlwa, izisombululo ityuwa, amanzi ammonia.

aluminiyamu nickel

Le but is a additive elungileyo for steel. It kwandisa ductility wayo namandla. Ukudibanisa nickel kunye chromium aluminium zinika nokumelana ophezulu yodidi. Luphawu ezisetyenziswa kushishino chromium-nickel steel stainless, nto leyo zatsho inqanaba eliphezulu thermostability.

A chemistry eyaziwa aluminium apho nickel yeyona nto iphambili. Density Nickel uvumela ukusetyenziswa yayo aluminium nentsimbi, aluminiyam, manganese, chromium kunye lesilicon. aluminiyamu ezinjalo zisetyenziselwa ekudaleni izifudumezi. Bona babe kumgangatho ophezulu permeability ngemagnethi. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ekutyhidweni lobunjineli yentsimbi, apho nickel lifakiwe. Imveliso Industrial yale notyhidiweyo malunga nekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoko malunga ne-80% ye-nickel isetyenziswe ukuvelisa aluminiyamu zentsimbi kunye nickel.

Eminye yimihlaba kwesicelo ngentsimbi

Nickel kunye aluminiyamu kuyo zisetyenziselwa kuphela xa imveliso yodidi stainless. Isinyithi kunye aluminiyamu ezakusetyenziswa inxaxheba kwakhe ukudalwa kwezixhobo kwemichiza, imikhumbi. Nichrome kunye chromel yimiba usemthethweni izixhobo zombane zasekhaya: toasters,-ayini, kunye nezifudumezi isithuba. Ezinye aluminiyamu zisetyenziswa kulwakhiwo imikhumbi. Ipeyinti nickel kaninzi zokuhombisa.

ubuthi metal

Isixa esikhulu nickel usenokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu emzimbeni. Ukwanda umxholo wayo ukutya ukuthetha malunga engozini impilo. Isiphumo kakhulu rhoqo qha ngokugqithisileyo umzimba nickel - yinto ethile. Kwakhona yenza nephika, isifo sezintso, kwaye umhlaza wemiphunga. Kodwa nickel ubuthi kubonakala kuphela xa oko emzimbeni kukuninzi.