Ngoobani namanenekazi nezidwangube?

Ngaloo mihla, xa iinkosana yokulawula Rus ', ukuvela iyaxela ilungelo - wabanumzana kunye izinduna' nempahla - yinkqubo yendalo. Ekuqaleni, abameli babo kakhulu bafo. Common kuzo zombini ezi ndidi kukuba awase kwisangqa abo kakhulu wakholosa umthetheli, behlohla uthembele. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyayiqonda abanumzana, nokuba zahluke njani ukusuka izinduna.

ukuvela eklasini

ophilayo Ngokusekelwe evela data elidluleyo zibonisa ukuba iklasi nucleation boyar iwela phezulu 9 leminyaka. Kwiinkulungwane ezintandathu ezilandelayo, siqulethe indawo ephambili umphakathi wobukhosi.

Uxwebhu zembali "Laurentian Chronicle" livela igama ezifana 'izikhulu'. Ekuthiwa- ezinde amaxolo, eyenziwe malunga 12-13 cc., Unike inkcazelo eneenkcukacha ngubani ezi namanenekazi.

Ngoobani na aba bantu?

Ukususela kwintshayelelo yayo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-12 kwakukho umthetho: inkosana wathabatha isigqibo, owathi kwimeko yakhe uyakwazi ukunxiba ngesiqu of "nkosi". Loo inkosana lucky angadlulisela ulawulo yomkhosi wakhe. Boyar kwakhona banikwe ithuba lokuba ukulahla ilizwe, elo laba impahla, njengelifa, ngoko ukuthetha, mbuka imfazwe Prince.

Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ahlala kunye nempembelelo ngayo izinduna ziye zohlulwa iindidi ezimbini:

• esisityebi kunene - i izinduna senior;
• kangako - abameli amaqembu omncinane.

Eyokuqala ngaphandle ngokwazo kunye nomkhosi elincinane - okulwa ngaphezu kokuba isetyenziswe kakubi, zikhuphisane nabanye kwaye nkqu isikhulu. Uninzi iingangamsha akwizikhundla eziphezulu kuhlala kwi Duma. Inkulu Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukumamela uluvo lwabo sinzima, xa umbuzo obalulekileyo kuzwelonke okanye ukumangalelana. Prince wayekuqonda izinduna nezidwangube, kodwa rhoqo zichasene omnye komnye.

Enabanumzana abancinane kunye kartel abantwana abaqeshwe yi-Prince kwi kwizikhundla ezahlukeneyo ebalulekileyo: falconer, umyeni, unondyebo, igosa, umngcamli, njl abafumana imivuzo - "lusidla" ...

Igama elithi "nene" ngokucacileyo zinxulumene inkonzo kwinkundla njengenkosana, nto leyo ukwenza zonke iintlobo nemiyalelo emkhosini, inxalenye yemali okanye noqoqosho. Le ummeli unelungelo ngokufihla kumaqela junior. Njengoko umvuzo ngenkonzo othembekileyo anobukroti ngexesha ekulweni olinene wafumana isiqwenga somhlaba kunye abalimi. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-15 isihloko wohlobo iba lilifa. Ngelo xesha elungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa komhlaba adluliswe ziindlalifa. Ngoobani kubanumzana, ukufunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo.

estate elingengangani yokulahleka indawo ebhudla ngenkulungwane ye-17. Ekuqaleni kwale nkqubo yaba utshintsho uPetros I. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, nabanumzana banikwa amalungelo ngakumbi ngenxa imanifesto Peter III kunye Catherine ukufunda nokubhala, ngokulandelelana, ngo-1762 no 1785, ngokulandelelana kwazo.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo le izinduna nezidwangube

Buhlile kwenkulungwane ye-17, abe kwisigxina esikhethekileyo njengoko iklasi izinduna uphelelwa indawo yayo. Kodwa ke, nangona oku, kubalulekile ukuphawula umahluko ukusuka izidwangube ukuba izinduna:

1. Izinduna kulinganiswa yezikhulu ezinkulu wobukhosi. Ababenako ilizwe, apho bekumele ukuba ilifa. Nabakhulu ababekhonza inkosana okanye abaphezulu Boyar ngaphambi kwenkulungwane ye-14 babengenalungelo enjalo.
2. Ukuba uNdikhoyo ukhululekile ukuba ukhethe ukukhonza Prince, lo othile olinene kwakuxhomekeke ukuthanda yomnini.
3. izinduna ixesha elide wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimicimbi yoluntu, lo gama izidwangube ithuba weza ukulawula ka Petra Velikogo.

Ukususela nqaku, wafunda ngubani abanumzana, yaye yintoni kwindawo ntoni ebudeni bolawulo abathetheli kunye nookumkani.