Myxedema: ezibangela kunye iimpawu, unyango. abanale

Ndlala ndlala - ilungu ebalulekileyo yonyango. Owona msebenzi wayo kukuphuhlisa iihomoni ezithile (triiodothyronine, thyroxine), apho ukulawula nethe komzimba womntu kuchaphazela zonke iinkqubo zomzimba. Kweli nqaku, siza kuqwalasela sisifo nje myxedema. Oonobangela kunye neempawu nazo ziya kuchazwa.

Yintoni myxedema?

abanale ukuba uphuhliso syndromes ezimbini. Ukuveliswa hormone kunokwandisa - njengesifo of hyperthyroidism. Noko ke, okubaluleke kakhulu kukuba ukuncitshiswa hormone, ibizwa ngokuba hypothyroidism.

Myxedema - degree kakhulu hypothyroidism. Le meko luphawulwa iindumbisa inyama yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokungabikho hormone zomzimba baziqwebele polysaccharide zalawo kutsala amanzi. Amalaphu kakhulu azele ngamanzi, kwaye kuphuhlisa mucosal nokudumba.

Yintoni unobangela myxedema?

Myxedema kunokwenzeka nakweliphi na ubudala. Abafazi nokubandezeleka kulo sifo rhoqo kunabantu, kukuvela myxedema kaninzi ke iya exesheni. Kwaye okubaluleke kakhulu hypothyroidism kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinane. Ngenxa linyuke emzimbeni iphazamisekile nokuphuhlisa inkqubela ye psyche yomntwana. Ukuba hypothyroidism isegazini (kunye aplasia okanye hypoplasia of endlaleni) kwaye sithi singanyangwa, kukho cretinism - uhlobo olulodwa yokudodobala kwengqondo ebantwaneni.

Xa myxedema idale umonakalo inyama omdala esinobubovu lengqula - hypothyroidism kuthiwa zaseprayimari. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ulawulo posa ngu TSH - lengqula-inkanuko hormone. Ngoko ke, ukuba eyayiphazamisa posa (ithumba, yokujikeleza ukuphazamiseka, kwentlungu, naso iimeko), kukho zamabanga hypothyroidism. hypothyroidism ePhakamileyo inqabile kakhulu kubangelwa waphula umsebenzi ngxenye.

Xa isifo "myxedema" ngoonobangela kunye neempawu zihlobene.

Ngaloo ndlela, unobangela myxedema zilandelayo:

• iinkqubo atrophic kule ndlala;
• ukudumba nobubovu prostate (thyroiditis);
• ayanda;
• ukuphatheka;
• ukususwa ancedisana prostate (utyando ukuze ukunyanga hyperthyroidism);
• exposure radiation;
• nonyango atom ayodini;
• ukungabikho ayodini ekutyeni;
• ukuthatha amachiza ezithile (amiodarone, corticosteroids, tireostatiki);
• Izifo ezosulelayo (ingakumbi abasetyhini abakhulelweyo);
• umothuko ingqondo kunye nesifo kunye nabanye.

Ngenxa yoko, elo nxeba myxedema. Oonobangela kunye iimpawu zibalulekile xa ukhetha unyango.

Ziintoni iimpawu kunye myxedema?

Ekubeni thyroid hormone kuchaphazela zonke iinkqubo zomzimba, kwaye izenzo myxedema zahlukahlukene.

Xa intswelo kakhulu yendlala hormone umntu unenxaxheba ukubukeka - ". Myxedema ubuso" kwakhiwa Ubuso nokudumba, ukudumba ngoyena libizwe phezu iinkophe, emilebeni. Isikhumba libunile, uba senyongo, ingqele ukuya ngaphandle kwebala, uxobule, kukho ilahleko iintshiyi, amashiya kunye iinwele zentloko yakhe. Kuphazanyiswe imisipha yobuso - ubuso ukugogeka, oko look akanankathalo.

luvo lubonakala kwi ukutshintsha ingqondo. Iintshukumo zibe unganxibelelananga apha, listless. Kukho a ukudakumba. ulwazi osweleyo waqonda evela ngaphandle, indlela oqaphelekayo nje ngeziganeko okanye akanankathalo. ukozela uphawu, kunciphise inkumbulo kunye nengqalelo. Slurred intetho kunye braked.

ukuhla iphawulwe uxinzelelo lwegazi, ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi. Eyayiphazamisa imisipha yenhliziyo, nokuncipha intliziyo izinga - bakha "myxedema entliziyweni." inkqubo nqa esiswini - kukho ukuqhina ezingapheliyo, ukuphazamiseka kwendlela umsebenzi lwemoto le phecana biliary.

nokudumba Mucosal luphuhla.

Umthamo wamandla yokuphefumla emiphungeni, nto leyo ngamaxesha zokuba belele. Ukongeza, malunga emiphungeni ivame oluhlala incindi ukuba nayo kuphazamisa uphefumlayo. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba 'myxedema poliserozita ".

Nangona umthamo wokutya, i myxedema isiguli ukutyeba, yegazi ephakamileyo uzimisele. Ukwehla ukuva, kukho hoarseness, nokuphazamiseka samarhanana uphefumlayo. Amaxesha amaninzi ukuphuhlisa igazi ngenxa deficiency zentsimbi okanye folic acid. Emva koko kufuneka endocrinologist elungileyo.

Amabhinqa uphazanyiswe sexesheni, kunciphise wenzala kunye yobuntu. Kwenzeka ukuqaqamba, izicwili ithambo olusele calcium, kulula ukwenza waphuka. Xa abantwana ningatyhafi ekukhuleni kunye nophuhliso xa kuthelekiswa kunye noontanga babo.

Loluphi uhlobo lophando kwenziwa ngakumbi?

A endocrinologist elungileyo sele ngembonakalo isigulane linokuthetha myxedema isifo. Noko ke, ukuba ukucacisa unobangela sifo, kwakunye kwinkcazelo Amaqhinga unyango kuyimfuneko ukuba aqhube inani lezifundo. Uxilongo lwe myxedema ngokubanzi ayikho nzima.

Asihlali iindlela zokuxilonga ezingundoqo abangabancedani. iindlela ezisisiseko uyakwazi ukubona myxedema, yaye iindlela umncedi asetyenziswa ukukhangela unobangela kwaye ucacise uhlobo esi sifo.

Kuba survey zingafumaneka kule dilesi ilandelayo: Moscow, isitalato nguDmitry Ulyanov, 11. Institute of hormone yenza iinkqubo zokuxilonga zilandelayo:

1. esiSiseko:

• kuxilonga ngugqirha, i endocrinologist;
• igazi yovavanyo TSH ukhululekile thyroxine.

2. Accessories:

• Ndlala ultrasound;
• scintigraphy ne radioisotopes;
• ndlala ijwabu biopsy;
• efumanise omzimba athile Idlala iiseli.

Okuthetha ukuba ngasinye uphando?

Kungenwa endocrinologist ezingabizi.

Kugqirha, palpates kwaye uyazimamela enyama yangaphakathi (intliziyo, imiphunga). ezi mpawu zixelwe ngentla nga kunceda kakhulu ugqirha kwi uphendlo diagnostic.

Uhlalutyo lubonise ukuhla yamanqanaba igazi thyroxine simahla, kodwa uninzi yandiswe ngokubonakalayo efumanise TSH. Bekela bucala hypothyroidism subclinical, nto leyo ezingahambi naziphi na iimpawu kwaye kubonakele rhoqo ngengozi. Lenyuka inqanaba TSH i "alarm intsimbi" yokuqala ngokuphathelele kuphuhliso hypothyroidism kunye myxedema ngokukodwa.

ultrasound

Thyroid ultrasound ivumela nokuthelekelela wesiseko ezahlukeneyo yesinye lolwabo (iindawo, ithumba calcification). Le ndlela ithathwa ukuba kube lula ukuphumeza ayibizi kakhulu xa ulwazi ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba bafumana myxedema, unyango kufuneka ngoko nangoko.

scintigraphy

Kakuhle eli scintigraphy radionuclide kukwaziswa kwe izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo radioactive of ayodini butofelwe kunye novavanyo zoqokelelo zayo esiqwini lengqula, ingakumbi kwi GhostScript yayo yokususwa yayo. Ukuba ultrasound ugqirha nako ukuphichotha kuphela isakhiwo ndlala, lo scintigraphy kuqikelelwa umsebenzi wayo. Ukuba kukho isifo "myxedema", ngoko ke umntu laziwa ngokuba ukuncipha ukuqokelelana amalungiselelo ayodini wengingqi okanye kwentamo. Ezinye iimpawu usebenzisa le ndlela kuqikelelwa unyango lwangoku lwezifo zomhlaza ezahlukahlukeneyo.

biopsy

A biopsy ye esinobubovu lengqula ibandakanya kwesampulu kwilaphu kunye iinaliti ezikhethekileyo biopsy. Emva koko, ke phantsi izifundo esasinokubonwa histochemical. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukuchonga izifo ezahlukeneyo kwinqanaba zeselula nokuqaphela inkqubo ithumba.

Ukumiselwa elilwa lengqula inyama uzuza ukubaluleka kwalo xa kukho kungekho sizathu myxedema esibonakalayo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba lengqula ndlala oluqhelekileyo ingabangeli ukuyilwa iiprothini zokuzikhusela, kuba kuphela umaleko kwizicwili. Kodwa kwezinye izifo philisi kuba nje ukubhitya, kwaye izicwili ibele yahlangana omzimba. Ngenxa omzimba ziveliswa iiseli umhlaza, leyo anqanda umsebenzi wayo, ngaphandle kokutshintsha isakhiwo.

Yintoni unyango lwe myxedema?

Ukufumana i endocrinologist phambi kokuqala unyango inyanzelekile.

Unyango lwe myxedema gingxi kwaye unyango hormone ngenjongo endaweni. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba ukubuyisela umsebenzi esinobubovu ngokwayo rhoqo akunakwenzeka, ngoko, ulawulo iziyobisi inyanzelekile nobomi. Ukuphucula imeko kwenzeka emva kweeveki 2-3 isicelo iindlela ezizodwa.

kusetyenziswa ekudambiseni L-thyroxine amachiza ( "Levothyroxine", "Eutiroks") kunye analogs zayo. La machiza substitutes esiyenziwe zemvelo ihomoni. Ulapha ugqirha ezikhethiweyo ngumfundi kwimeko nganye.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba libanda, beziyobisi kungakhokelela ekubeni isichasi myxedema - hyperthyroidism, kunye nokungabikho ithamo iya kuba nafuthe kwaphela. Ukwamkelwa nezinye iziyobisi nabo akuphazamisi edalwayo, okanye ukukhawulezisa yokucolwa ka L-thyroxine, ngoko ke kufanele ubuze ezinye iingcali kwi unyango udibaniso.

Ndingaya phi uncedo?

Isifo ingakrokreleka ugqirha ngexesha ukuxilongwa ngokwasemzimbeni. Noko ke, unyango myxedema ithwala endocrinologist kwizibhedlele ezikhethekileyo. Kusenokuba isebe kwedolophu okanye endocrinological kwezi zibhedlele zommandla. Ukwenza zeemviwo iindlela ezintsonkothileyo zezigulane idla ngqo kumaziko ophando kunye nophuhliso kwizixeko ezikhulu. Enye yezi zinto ke "hormone Research Center" (Moscow, ul. NguDmitry Ulyanov, 11). Institute of hormone eyaziwa yokuba kukho ukuncedisa ukunyanga myxedema kunye nezinye izifo iingcali abanobuchule, ukwenza iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zokuxilonga nezinyangayo.

Yintoni na abane?

Ngokubanzi, myxedema (unobangela kunye neempawu ezichazwe) - kakuhle imeko correctable. Amayeza iqeda ngokupheleleyo ezi mpawu zixelwe ngentla-. Noko ke, ukusilela ukujongana kugqirha, kwaye ukusilela ukulandela imiyalelo kunokubangela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.