Hormone: umthombo, ixabiso leengxaki

Umzimba womntu - inkqubo ecacileyo apho zonke iinkqubo kulawulwa omnye komnye. Ke umzimba wonke kumafa layo igalelo ukuze agcine ingqibelelo umsebenzi.

Ekunye nobuchopho yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokulawula - inkqubo yonyango yabantu. It uwugcinayo isenzo zawo kwamadlala yonyango, apho hormone ukuba iimpawu ezithile kunye tropism ezithile iiseli ekujoliswe kulo. Ngenxa yoko, le ndlala lengqula ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso emzimbeni kwaye ichaphazela zonke iindidi exchange. Yena ichaza hormone, leyo igalelo elibonakalayo, uphuhliso engqondweni ebantwaneni, zinike ukutya kunye namandla abadala. Kwelinye icala, imveliso kwabo kulawulwa yi-luvo, oko kukuthi bioactive izinto yebhinqa kunye hypothalamic ukukhulula zinto. Ngenxa yoko, hormone basoloko kwinqanaba elithile egazini nokunyusa umzimba abaneemfuno ezizodwa, amaqhekeza abo kwakhona abonise ukungabi umsebenzi lengqula kunye iodine.

hormone

Glandula thyroidea (thyroid) iqhotyoshelwe uqhoqhoqho kwaye ibandakanya ngasekunene nangasekhohlo isithinzi enxulumene sezwe. kuyondelelaniswe ngqo hormone lwenziwa zoboya yayo ezaliswe colloid ngaphakathi, nto leyo esekelwe protein - thyroglobulin. Nge iodination ngakumbi zeentsalela tyrosine kubume bayo kunye summation kwe le khompawundi wafumana triiodothyronine ibunjiwe tetraiodothyronine (T3 kunye T4). hormone tireiodnye Further ephuma thyroglobulin molecule lwanamathela kwaye angene egazini ngohlobo free. Baye kungomlinganiselo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye bayashiyana amandla (T3 umi amathamo ephantsi kakhulu, kodwa amandla ayo lukhulu kakhulu kunalowo T4). Nangona kunjalo, ifuthe hormone emzimbeni umsebenzi ofanayo: iphucula ezityebileyo carbohydrate ukutya (amanqanaba glucose ukwanda) senyanga gluconeogenesis, isibindi glycogen anqanda ukubunjwa nokwandisa protein amagama (in an mali ngokugqithiseleyo, icala, ukuphucula sokonakalisa esixelwe mva).

Athe wabonakala ngenxa yokuba ugcine uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye izinga lentliziyo kunye iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni, isantya iinkqubo engqondweni nasemoyeni. Xa ixesha osandul hormone banoxanduva umahluko izicwili wonke umzimba. Ebuntwaneni, igalelo ekukhuleni kunye nophuhliso engqondweni yomntwana. Ukongeza, zikhuthaza erythropoiesis, reabsorption esezantsi tubular amanzi.

isifo

Kwezinye izifo, lengqula hormone secretion lifinyele (hypothyroidism). Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka kufakwe yimithi. Oko imbuyekezo yokungabikho izinto equkethwe BAKC ndlala kwencindi? Amachiza asetyenziswa kulo mzekelo - yi "Levothyroxine" (T4), "Liotironin" (T3) kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo iziyobisi ayodini-equlethe. Njengoko abaphumeleli, kunye hormone kwemfuneko kukhokelela ukuphazamiseka pathways emzimbeni ukuba ngokwezonyango zibonakale olwaphula homeostasis kunye lengqondo umsebenzi. The degree of umonakalo kuxhomekeke kubudala yomguli (cretinism kuphela abantwana), inqanaba yokunqongophala okanye ezingaphezu emzimbeni (hyperthyroidism 1, 2, degrees 3). Ekugqibeleni kukho ukuphelelwa umoya, iyangongoza, ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuphazamiseka zonke iintlobo exchange. Ngenxa yokunqongophala, ngokuchasene noko, sinciphise ukutya, isigulana uba ngababuthuntu, diki.