Mekong - umlambo e Vietnam. Geographical indawo, inkcazo kunye ifoto Mekong River

Mekong - emlanjeni, apho sivela emazantsi ye Tibetan Plateau, ingakumbi Ridge Thang. Kuyinto ukuhamba inkulu amanzi le Indochinese Peninsula, ibekwe emzantsi-mpuma Asia, kunye Umthambo oluhlaza yesine inkulu kwilizwekazi.

Ubude lilonke lomlambo, ujikeleze lonke imimandla yamazwe ezintandathu, ngumgama oziikhilomitha 4,500 (anikwe kunye nenombolo 4900). Amanzi apha kucingwa ukuba wasikelela, yiyo lonto abantu ogama uMama Mekong kunye amanzi yomNayile mpuma Asia.

Enye enkulu ehlabathini

Mekong - umlambo, leyo yenye yezona zinkulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Ukulinganiswa kuthatha indawo 12 ehlabathini ngenxa ngokupheleleyo ezantsi emathunjini, kwaye-11 ubude. Thelekisa le datha ilandelayo: oko elide noLena wethu Mackenzie, umzila likhulu eKhanada. Xa rankings ezininzi, ithe kuloo ndawo 8, ngaphambi nje kuphela Lena, kodwa Amur, kunye Congo. Le ikhankanywe Inani ngasentla lwamazwe apho lo mlambo igorha ukuyenza, kodwa oko kuthatha indawo kwintsimi lamazwe zonke 4 - China, Cambodia, eLaos kunye Vietnam. Kuba Thailand kunye Myanmy (owayekade Burma), oko umda karhulumente kunye eLaos.

ezihambayo azalwe

Mekong - umlambo, umthombo apho lifumaneka kwi ezinobude ka 5000 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Njengokuba kuphawuliwe, ibe phezu kwamaxandeka le kummango Tanghla emele 600 ngekhilomitha-kummango oluqhubekayo wambu ikhephu obungunaphakade.

Ingongoma eliphezulu le kummango akhiwe endaweni ephakame ngaphezu uphawu ka 6000 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. imilambo ezimbini esiluhlaza - Tse-Chu Dza-Chu, kwakheka enemijelo yentaba ezininzi sizalwa ngenxa ukunyibilika kwekhephu kwintaba ephakame yeemitha 5500, hlanganisa uze uzale umzila inkulu Indochina ebizwa ngokuba Mekong. Umlambo e kufikelela ayo aphezulu kunye ophakathi, ezo ikakhulu China, aqukuqela anamandla enzulu elimxinwa. amanzi alo usikha kwemiwonyo Sichuan Alps (iintaba Sino-Tibetan) kunye ukuwela Yunanskoe Highlands ukufikelela ise Indian oweeneem lwasempumalanga Chyungshonskih wasondela lwamawa ezintabeni.

umlambo Big - amagama amaninzi

Xa sifika eliphezulu eninzi uba, nto leyo iba nangakumbi xa inqanaba lamanzi tsakisi. Xa sifika phakathi kummandla China kuthiwa Lancang River.

Ngokubanzi, lonke abemi esemlanjeni amazwe apho kuyo kufuneka ayinike amagama ahlukeneyo - eVietnam, ibizwa ngokuba Cuu Long (kyu Long), okanye "neempungutye ezisithoba". Ukumbiza "umlambo unina", oko kukuthi "engundoqo, umlambo omkhulu."

Khon Ingxangxasi

Sele e Cambodia, apho River Mekong kwi flow yayo ifikelela Cambodia (okanye Khambodiya) okungenanto kummandla kwidolophana Khon aqala beminyango omnye yengxangxasi elikhulu, ezintle kunye edumileyo, ogama lakhe behlonipha kwidolophu Khon. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi imihla likhulu kakhulu - 9000 cubic metres ngosuku, yaye ngamaxesha eliphezulu lamanzi sixamali sikhulu sele esisigxina ilingana 38.000 cubic metres ngosuku. uba Ingxangxasi Ehle anaba ngenxa iikhilomitha eziliqela, yaye ekugqibeleni kufika esiphelweni kufutshane kwenye ilali, Kratie idolophu, ebangela inqanaba umlambo kusithwa iimitha ezingama-21.

Kule dolophu elinabemi abantu-20 000 ibe izibuko, apho umlambo kwasekwa ubudlelwane kunye Phnom Penh, ikomkhulu Cambodia. Ngokubanzi, Mekong Umgama iinqanawa 700 km, yaye ngamaxesha bezandyondyo - 1600 (to Vientiane). Imikhumbi ocean Huge uvuswe emlonyeni ukuya elikomkhulu of Vietnam.

A somfula unique

Ngezantsi kule dolophu mfula luyaphuphuma ububanzi bayo ngokupheleleyo, yaye, enyanisweni, ngoko iqala ogudle lomlambo Mekong, ummandla wakhe iyonke ngama-70 amawaka square metres. km. Delta ikakhulu ise emdeni Vietnam kwaye iquka icandelo ezimbini esililini enkulu lomlambo, phakathi kwabo kukho enemikhono ezimbini ezincinci kunye namacwecwe imilambo ezincinane esemfuleni.

Le ndawo olwandle yonke kugutyungelwa imithana ezincinane, kakhulu amanzi, kwaye, eneneni, a kumgxobhozo imangrove. Mangroves - a amahlathi, ndimkhathalela avuthulukayo. Bekhula kakhulu le ndawo, engena elwandle kunye iindawo baphumelele unxweme. Ubude lilonke ogudle, kuloo ndawo apho ekhaya ukuya ku-17 yezigidi Vietnamese, ngu-600 km. Lo mlambo nayo yonyuswa ngenxa yokuba delves kude esinga kwelasezantsi China Sea, apho, enyanisweni, uqhuba i Mekong River onamandla. Vietnam, ogama intsimi ifumaneka ogudle, unetyala kakhulu ukuhamba kwamanzi. Okokuqala, lo Mekong - ukutya Vietnam ngayo (enye enkulu ehlabathini yerayisi barn). Okwesibini, abakhenkethi ezininzi ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi baya kunandipha ubuhle enkulu ogudle.

indawo yokugcina iplanethi

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwinkulungwane xxi, i Mekong Delta ibizwa ubuncwane zebhayoloji, njengoko amakhulu iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ziye zaphawula, kangako okanye wacinga ukuba ziphele.

Kwathiwa sisihlambo komlambo kunye nekhitshi kwehlabathi. Ngo-2011, kwafunyanwa khona ehamba catfish, ukucula amasele, a bat kunye isicheme "emculweni", intlanzi iimfama angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nentlanzi kunye birthmark, necilishe bipedal, kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi. Xa iyonke ukususela 1997 uhehema lwesitya sokuhlambela izazinzulu Mekong esuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo kuye kwafunyanwa kuchazwe neentlobo ezintsha 1710 zezilwanyana nezityalo.

Sap Tonle kunye Mekong - nempahla ukunxibelelana

Umlomo komlambo Mekong zigutyungelwe amachweba ububanzi ifikelela amashumi eziliqela eemayile. Amanzi anodaka yellow. Amandla Mekong phakathi eliphezulu kwaye ke yayo yi qhwa, lo gama ezisezantsi - imvula. ngendima enkulu edlalwa yi nemingenela kunye namachibi. Le dama inkulu yendalo Tonle Sap Lake, elise Cambodia. Inqanaba lamanzi kuwo iyahlozinga kakhulu - ubunzulu layo lingaphantsi kwe-1 eemitha, lo gama ixesha lemvula ngayo aqukuqela enikelwe igama elifanayo kwi Mekong amanzi kakhulu ukuba ukunyuka izinga ukuya 9 eemitha. Eli dama nge kwindawo ilingana no 2.7 macala onke. M. km. Zonyaka owomileyo, amanzi ichibi adumbe umlambo.

sifo Source

Uphi na River Mekong, ingakumbi kufuphi ogudle yayo, kukho mmandla unomthamo omkhulu owohlukeneyo iintlanga apha emhlabeni. Lo mba kwaye sezulu igalelo ukuvela nokwanda komkhuhlane weentaka, shock umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo ezingaqhelekanga. 17 yezigidi zabantu abahlala ogudle, hayi kuphela ukubamba intlanzi kunye nokukhula irayisi, kodwa ukuba izilo nangokomthamo efanayo ibingenakubalwa.

Ichibi omlambo emlanjeni omkhulu

I Mekong River Basin yi 810 000 square metres. km. Oku babehlala abantu million 250. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe apho lo mlambo kuhlangene ngqo kunye neengcali igama layo - umoya Mekong. Ukususela ngo-1957, le intsebenziswano kwenzeka phakathi-sikhokelo yoMgaqo-Mekong Commission River.

Amaninzi omlambo i- Mekong, leyo inkulu kuzo inyanga (ekunene), i-Tonle Sap (ekunene) kunye Banghiang (kummandla iLaos), njengoko sele kuchaziwe, kudlala indima enkulu ebomini bakhe. Imijelo idumileyo ekhohlo - U; Ngoko San, nto leyo, nazo nemingenela. Ngoko ke, lo likhulu San River yi blah, lambile, Straepok kunye Shanghai. E Sana'a, elibaleka kuphela ummandla Vietnam, kufuphi ekudibaneni kwawo Mekong, kufutshane Cambodia, wakha amadama ezintlanu ukudala ichibi elikhulu. Bassac, omnye amasebe ogudle, olubangelwa Mekong kwaye ungena yaseMzantsi Sea China. Phakathi omlambo emlanjeni apho ukhankanywe Don, ayajika phakathi Mekong kummandla eLaos.

ngekawusi umfula

flora ngokungaqhelekanga izityebi izilwanyana i Mekong. Apha, ikakhulu e Cambodia, alondolozwe dolphins emlanjeni kunye neengwenya. Kulo mlambo aku- eninzi intlanzi - nje wabanjwa ngemigibe bamboo ebekwe exandekeni ukuya emlanjeni. Ngexesha lezikhukula abalobi bafumane lokuloba unyaka wonke. Indalo ngokwayo azidalileyo apha iimeko ezigqwesileyo yokwandisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi, leyo kunye nerayisi ke ukudla engundoqo kubemi abaninzi balapha.