Mantu, indlela ezimbi: intle okanye imbi?

Njani umzimba umntwana ukuphendula uvavanyo Mantoux? Ngokuqhelekileyo emva intshayelelo yayo isikhumba kukho papule. Yintoni abazali kumele ukuba umntwana Mantoux uvavanyo indlela ezimbi?

Yintoni na uvavanyo Mantoux?

Yindlela eyaziwa ngokuba ukuqingqwa lwesifo sephepha. Ngoncedo lwakhe, khangela ukuba kukho usulelo kumzimba lo mntwana. Le nkqubo yenziwa kulo lonke abaselula abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-17. Ngokutsho WHO ibika, Mantoux uvavanyo oluqhutywa kumazwe ukudala imeko ezingaginyisi mathe sephepha. Oku kusetyenziswa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• ngenxa uxilongo abantwana abanale ntsholongwane nesifo sephepha;
• yesithuba sokukhetha abantwana BCG revaccination;
• ukuchonga zifo kunyaka ophelileyo, ukwandisa nokungena ngaphezu kwe-6 cm;
• xa kuqinisekiswa isifo sephepha.

Ngenxa yoko, abantwana ezikhethiweyo revaccination phakathi kula maqela ubudala: kids ubudala kokuya esikolweni (iminyaka 6-7) kunye besikolo oneminyaka eli-14 ubudala.

Revaccination kuphela abantwana esempilweni kunye Mantoux basabela elibi.

Ekuqaleni, ichiza ilawulwa abantwana abadala ngaphezu konyaka omnye. Phambi kweli xesha, lo sampuli lesitofu ayikho ngenxa grudnichka indalo, ogama ephilayo uvakalelo kwizinto ezininzi. Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo isampuli aluchanekanga.

ingaba ichiza ikhuselekile?

Kutheni kukho uvavanyo Mantoux ezimbi? Isampulu kwabantwana - ukuphululwa ixhaphakileyo. Eli chiza ithathwa ukuba akanangozi umntwana, kodwa ngoku kukho abantwana baye banda uvakalelo tuberculin. Ngoko ke, impendulo echanileyo kwamajoni omzimba awukwazi ukunika.

Eli chiza kungekho buhlobo ukuya awakwazi. Noko ke, abanye abantwana emva ulawulo ukukhalaza eziva mnandi, kwaye abanye musa ukucinga isampulu.

Okwangoku, uxilongo lwesifo sephepha nezinye iindlela akukho isiqulatho ulwazi ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke Mantoux test uyakwazi ukubona sifo kusekwangoko. Abantwana abaninzi bayaqhubeka ukuhlala kuyo.

kangaphi uzama ukwenza ntoni?

Isampulu ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-1 xesha kunyaka ngamnye. Ukuba zazo lwenziwa ngaphezu kanye kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12, ukuze omzimba uvakalelo tuberculin, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingachanekanga. Ukuba uvavanyo Mantoux lelikhabayo - elungileyo okanye embi na? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo asoloko enomdla abazali abantwana ukusabela enjalo.

Mantoux test akufuneki emikhumbini yamanzi, ukuba uyazi inkoliso yabazali nabantwana. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba kungabi ukuba unamathele i udaka, combing okanye ezinye iindlela. Ukuba ulusu Ijalele, inokubangela iziphumo ezintle kwisampula ziya kuba yintoni iziphumo ayichananga. Ngoko ke, i inkqubo yesibini ukuze kwenziwe.

Emva ulawulo ichiza umntwana ukunciphisa nokudla ukudla ezithile (zesitrasi, itshokolethi).

Ukuba inaliti baboniswa ngempazamo amanzi, ngoko ke abazali kufuneka ngobunono kulicima kunye ngetawuli kwaye ingxelo le meko ugqirha ngethuba loviwo.

Ukuba uvavanyo Mantoux ihlazo?

Ukuba umntwana ugqibe uvavanyo Mantoux awunayo, abazali bakholelwa ukuba Ungakhathazeki. Isiphumo ibe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo kuxhomekeka papules ubukhulu:

• HIV;
• ezimbi;
• isiqiniseko;
• lzhepolozhitelnym.

Ngokuqhelekileyo amanyathelo awodwa kuba itywina phantsi kwesikhumba, kunokuba ngeenxa zonke. Ububomvu eze iindidi zobungakanani aluchaphazeli isiphumo. Enoba ubukhulu, oko akujongwa luphawu isifo sephepha.

Yintoni ichaphazela Mantoux?

Kuthetha ntoni oko - Mantoux vavanyo negative? Isiphumo achaphazelekayo:

• komzimba;
• iimpawu ngabanye eziphilayo;
• izifo ukuba abe ikhosi ezingapheliyo;
• imigomo;
• ngaphambili ephethwe sisifo esosulelayo;
• nezingafezekanga;
• yokuguga ngaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3;
• abahlala kwimimandla nezinzima eziphilayo.

Xa umntwana lowo ngumbala ezimbi, ngoko oku kuchatshazelwa yi ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ngokuwenza ichiza ephosakeleyo;
• nezitenxo kwezi ukuthuthwa kunye nokugcinwa ichiza;
• ukutolikwa olungachanekanga isiphumo;
• libya isixhobo zonyango.

Negative Mantoux - elungileyo okanye embi?

Ukuba umntwana yoko ezimbi, inaliti anozizi esikolweni ngokupheleleyo okanye lingaphantsi kwe-1 ml. Apha ngezantsi ifoto negative Mantoux uvavanyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, le isampuli kunokuthathwa njengento eqhelekileyo, kodwa oku akwenzeki kuzo zonke iimeko. Ukuba ububomvu alafunyanwa, inkqubo yomntwana wokugonyeka ayiniki mpendulo ekuqalisweni kwe tuberculin.

Ukungabikho epheleleyo awasabela ngayo uvavanyo Mantoux kunakho ukwenzeka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Eli chiza, oko elawulwa ngexesha lokuthethwa kwetyala, zonakala lisendleleni okanye imithetho yenkqubo ye abasebenzi bezonyango aye anyhashwa. papule ngoko emsebenzini ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba umntwana sele iminyaka embalwa kukho yokusabela negative, kufuneka kwakhona ugonyo kunye BCG.
• test kunyaka okugwenxa Mantoux. Inani elincinane labantu indawo ehlabathini ekugunyazisayo ukumelana ezisingisileyo ukuba umxokomezelo wokugonyeka inegciwane tubercle. Ngoko ke, i papule asivelanga kule usana okanye unyaka omnye okanye emibini, okanye eli-14. Ukuba abazali akakho BCG siva, umntwana iwela kule nombolo.

Ukuba isiphumo lelikhabayo, mhlawumbi ephilayo buthathaka kwaye akakwazi azithethelele tuberculin. Ngoko ke, ukuba bathi eziqhitsini ukuba kulungile, wena awukwazi. Oku kubonisa impilo eqhelekileyo, kwaye iingxaki emzimbeni. Ukuhlola oku kungenzeka kuphela ugqirha ngokusekelwe imbali yokugula yomntwana.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba umntwana xa abasabela ngayo umzimba ube buthathaka;

• Ukuba kukho usulelo nesifo sephepha, uvavanyo kufuneka luqaliswe kwenye iintsuku ezili-10.
• Umntwana omncinci, ngoko elinganeno okukwazi enza ngayo tuberculin.
• isimo Uxhaphazelayo omzimba (abantwana abosulelwe yi-HIV), oko kunokubangela iziphumo ezingalunganga kwi ichiza. Kulo mzekelo, ithamo ichiza yandisiwe ukuze ufumane umphumo echanileyo.

ukusabela ezingalunganga

Kutheni kukho uvavanyo Mantoux ezimbi? Xa ichiza ukuba senzelwe Mantoux test, ithuthwa kwaye igcinwe, ngoko akukho abasabela ezibi kufuneka iqatshelwe umntwana.

Kwezinye iimeko, kukho aleji beziyobisi ebantwaneni. Izinto ezibangela le meko kunokuba kunxulumene emzimbeni womntwana nomgangatho ichiza. Kwimeko yokuqala, izizathu iimpawu zobuqu kunye yofuzo ukuba komzimba. Kwimeko yokugqibela kusenokuba imveliso isiphako lemveliso.

Umntwana kunye indlela onokuyivuyisa ngayo kwenzeke:

• isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• umkhuhlane omkhulu;
• ubuthathaka jikelele;
• isikhumba silume.

Unobangela of komzimba badluliselwe usulelo ngaphambili. Xa umntwana yokusabela ezimbi bamvavanyayo, kuyimfuneko ukubonisa ugqirha. Xa efumanise aleji ichiza ukunika up uphethwe sisifo ukuba ibe, ngenxa yokuba kukho ezinye iindlela isigqibo ngayo.

Ngaba I uphuma uvavanyo Mantoux?

Isifo sephepha - isifo esiyingozi, leyo lelibulalayo. Usulelo lwenzeka ngaphandle lokutshona BCG, ngoko tubdiagnostika kangaka eqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantwana nabantu abadala.

Mantoux test kunceda okuva sifo kusekwangoko kwaye ukuchonga iingxaki kunye amajoni omzimba. Ukungavumi, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, le nkqubo, abazali phantsi ingozi ubomi bomntwana.

Ukuba umntwana ngexesha Mantoux basabela ezimbi, oko kudla ingqalelo nemiphumo emihle. Noko ke, oogqirha ukucebisa abazali ukuba ahambe umntwana wakho ukuba enze uviwo eziyimfuneko kwakhona ugonyo-ne BCG.

Ukuba umntwana sele njengelifa uxhathiso abazali tubercle inegciwane, ngoko ke asikwazi Ungakhathazeki malunga nesifo usuleleko ezifana nesifo sephepha.

Ukuze ufumane i echanileyo japan Mantoux test, kufuneka ukunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa indawo bebekwisampulu, uphambuke kufwaya kuyo. Phambi kokuba inkqubo, umntwana kufuneka abe sempilweni entle kwaye zange mfuneko yakhe kwakhona iimviwo-emva kokuba amanqaku result.