History Museum (ukulungela) idilesi, iiyure zokusebenza. Ukulungela: iindawo ezinika umdla

History Museum (ukulungela) linembali yingqokelela imiboniso, uninzi yabhalwa ngenkulungwane ye-17. Inani lilonke lezinto ixesha elide sele upasisiwe izinto 100 amawaka. Phantsi ekuqaleni kwayo le myuziyam liye laqokelela amasebe ezilishumi kwaye isigqibo yamkelwa ngo 2016 safudukela iwonga Museum United.

I-museum mdala lwazi lendawo

History Museum (ukulungela) yasekwa ngo-1897. Ukuze uyimise wathabatha enye izakhiwo ezindala umzi - yeNdlu, nto leyo kanye wayekwiqela umrhwebi Korobov (kwinkulungwane ye-17). Lo mboniso yokuqala ibe windows ezintlanu, apho kuboniswa ezafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto zakudala, iingqekembe yamandulo, izinto zemihla ngemihla amaxesha ezadlulayo. Le myuziyam luvuleleke kuphela kabini ngeveki, inani iindwendwe nyaka abambalwa kakhulu - abantu abangama-500.

Ngo-1904, imyuziyam imbali yasekuhlaleni (ukulungela) zigcinwe imali yezinto malunga 1,000, nto leyo kuquka iincwadi A. S. Pushkina, N. V. Gogolya usiba 1915 kwakusele sele iiyunithi 1200.

Emva-1918, elo ziko yajika "Museum yePhondo of History." Esi sakhiwo, leyo ngoku likwaneklinkhi i-Regional Museum of ukulungela ukusebenza, imali nokuchaza bafudukela ngo-1922. Amasebe zokuqala zaye zadityaniswa ngo-1924, intsalela myuziyam bafudukela 'ukuba kukho isizathu esilungileyo, "Art. Le yokugqibela ngo-1925, eliquka amasebe eziliqela yaba phantsi kolawulo Glavnauka.

wemvula Main kwelo 30, xa Museum of Local History (ukulungela) baba iicawa impahla kwakhona kutshitshiswa kunye lifa uhulumeni. Ngo-1939, ukuqokelelwa yayiquka izinto 10,000.

Ukusuka War ukuya namhlanje

Ngexesha kwiiholo imyuziyam IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic hayi ubenzile bonke iinyanga ezili-10 kulo lonke eli mboniso yavulwa kuluntu. Ngethuba nomsebenzi, iintsuku 78, imyuziyam yavalwa. umlando ayikwazanga kuleyo kwaye kangangonyaka (1942-43). Aba basebenzi ekuthini ngobungakanani bomonakalo. Uxwebhu Iziphumo lathi-10% iye baphanga ziimyuziyam enxulumene nexesha classicism-ngenkulungwane ye-18.

Ngowe-1944 myuziyam safudukela iwonga lwengingqi, 1945 Iimali yayiquka amaqhosha 7712, apho iiyunithi 2143 avulwa zokufikelela kuluntu. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi eqokelelweyo iziko, amaxwebhu kunye iinkumbulo kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, nto leyo isisiseko zemfundo kwi-50 - 60s yeemyuziyam intsomi eliqela kuloo ndawo. Kamva, abathandathu kubo baba amasebe kunye wangena kwimbali imyuziyam yasekuhlaleni (ukulungela). Namhlanje, iziko yamkela iindwendwe kumasebe-10.

complex Manor

History Museum (ukulungela) sele ekhona kweminyaka eli-100, lonke eli xesha, ukuqokelelwa kweemali rhoqo zihlaziywa yaye njengangoku ezingaphezu kwe-100 lamawaka nemiboniso ezizodwa. Ngowe-1982, i-sesakhiwo Manor omdala, imyuziyam kunye nengqokelela lwamaxabiso Ndizuze isandi esinye, enkosi ingcamango yokudibanisa kubo, yenziwa amagcisa iLeningrad kunye izazinzulu.

Lo mboniso kakhulu abadumileyo ngamagama ntlanganiso entsonkothileyo zokwakha, yakhiwa ngo-1808, apho i-History Museum (ukulungela) ngoku. Imbali yendlu ephambili isixelela ukuba xa yayibizwa komkhulu, waza yena Manor bazizinhanha esixekweni. Olungaphambili ezihonjiswe imikrolo aphezulu imbali lo amaqhawe yamaGrike, ungeno likhulu ezihonjiswe kwimiqolo kunye ucingo wenza-yentsimbi i kwinqugwala tracery, kunye amasango ezinkulu. Kwinxalenye engaphakathi kweyadi yi iphiko ngaphambili, igumbi kuba abaqeqeshi, ivale isithuba lawusibekela igalari, ubeke phezu ithala ilitye elimhlophe, ezihonjiswe imiqolo Tuscan.

Inkcazelo ngalo mboniso lolondolozo lwembali

Le ngaphakathi kwibhotwe lalidume lonke ukulungela ukusebenza, ukusebenza uphumezo labo kweliso ngumzobi Italian S. Campioni. Kumgangatho wokuqala, apho izakhiwo ngaphambili ezigcinwe iinjongo zorhwebo, ngoku umboniso nezinto isebe wendalo.

Kumgangatho wesibini, iiholo elinanye, zawutwabulula phezu KUNYEnokutyhilwa elungiselelwe imbali mmandla. Neenqwelwana zokuqala azele ezafunyanwa ngabembi ezibonisa inqanaba eliphezulu zophuhliso abantu bamandulo. Ezi ke izinto zekhaya, izacholo, isinxibo umthengisi Rusich elandelayo. Ixesha of Peter I kubonisa imbonakalo imveliso yokuqala mveliso. Xa kwiiholo ze myuziyam oluboniswe ngaashi, eyanikelwa uKumkanikazi uCatherine II wokuwonga elaa lwerhuluneli in ukulungela ukusebenza.

A isixa esikhulu izinto abayiqokeleleyo iiholo ozinikezeleyo War of 1812 kunye iMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ukongeza kwezi ziganeko zembali, ingqokelela iqulethe lemveli lenkcubeko yoncwadi lwamandulo lwe ngenkulungwane ye-19, watyelela ukulungela ukusebenza, apha uqulathe imiboniso fanele N. V. Gogolyu, F. M. Dostoevskomu, A. P. Chehovu, kunye nezinye ababhali.

amasebe

Regional Museum kwisebe ukulungela uyakumema ukuba kutyelela:

• ukuphakama kwamagama. Kwinkcazelo lunikezelwa inkululeko kwisithili Kuibyshev ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, xa kukho iqela lamadoda ebandakanya abantu abayi-18, bakwazi ukufaka nomphakamo elibalulekileyo 224,1. Igama imyuziyam wanika ingoma V. E. Basnera "eziphakamileyo nameless", azinikele ubuqhawe yamajoni-Siberians.
• Borovsk. Isebe ise kwisixeko samandulo Borovsk kwaye ibonisa imbali yayo. Amacandelo myuziyam abazinikele kumaKanan, kukho amasiko Old Likholwa, iinkcukacha ibali yoonongendi emibini - Pokrovsky kunye Pafnutev- Borowski. Phantsi kwe mboniso iqulethe iingceba esekelwe zamandulo yinxalenye yokwakha ye Yokuzalwa Cathedral kunye yoonongendi, iiseramikhi, izitena kwenziwe ngenkulungwane ye-16. Ingqokelela elikhulu iifoto yovimba ubalisa ibali kwimingxuma kwingcwaba boyar tvoix. Ubeka izinto zemihla ngemihla zabathengisi neentsapho yoohlohlesakhe.
• Zaitseva Gora. Kwinkcazelo lunikezelwa kwimbali elide ukulwa nomkhosi ngokuchasene abahlaseli German ukuba Warsaw umendo kunye nasezindulini qhinga mmeli nokumelana eJamani, enye yazo "Zaitseva Gora".
• imida Ilyinsky. ezingcwele ukuya ubuqhawe abafundi Memorial Ilyinskikh izikolo zomkhosi. , Zingaphelanga iintsuku ezili-12 ukuba wabayekela ukuhlaselwa bahlaseli kwi eMoscow.
• Kozelsk. Lo mboniso ibonisa imbali kwesinye sezixeko zindala kummandla ukulungela ukusebenza, umhla imbali yayo emva kwenkulungwane ye-12. Le myuziyam ibekwe ngendlela endala ngabarhwebi nandawo Tsyplakovovyh. Xa kwiiholo of ezafunyanwa ngabembi bezinto zakudala, imbali izinto zamandulo. ezimbini mboniso weendawo "udonga kukaMtyholi" bammisa (9-10 ubudala) kunye "Vyatichesky lengcwaba entsokothileyo 12-13 leminyaka." A indawo esembindini ohlala idabi ngelaphu zanikezelwa Kozelsk edabini.
• Mosalsk. Museum azinikele kwimbali mzi, kuxoxwe ngazo namacandelo emphethweni endalo, imbali, ezizwe kunye neziganeko kwiminyaka. umdla omkhulu phakathi lezivakashi kuvuselelwa kwindlu yamahlwempu pre-olululo eRashiya.
• Manor Park "Linen Factory". Isethi enye zadityaniswa nemihlaba anesibini Goncharov kunye Shchepochkina. Uphawu welifa na indawo yayo phezu kummandla ngelinen nephepha mveliso. Kukho museum-yelifa Goncharov, ibandla Kumbi, ipaki kunye izakhiwo hothouse, izitali kunye nezinye iisayithi yokwakha yimbali.
• museum Tarussky. Sisihlandlo sokuqala dolophu bobabo yeembali Tarussa 1246. Xa kwiiholo ye-museum isixeko iveza imiboniso ngenkcazo, ingcaciso yoncwadi, inxalenye olwahlukileyo ame sungula ku ubomi kunye nomsebenzi umbhali K. G. Paustovskogo.
• Tarussky Museum Tsvetaevs. Xa kwiiholo ze kwinkcazelo malunga nobomi, isebenza wembongi Marina Tsvetaeva.

ihlele

Ngowe-2016 myuziyam wafudukela iwonga elitsha kwaye ngoku ebizwa ngokuba "ukulungela ukusebenza Museum-Reserve." Okwangoku, kukho iinkqubo ze litsha lwangaphakathi kunye nokulungiselela iinkqubo ezintsha. Kodwa ke umsebenzi kwimbali lolondolozo lwembali sobulali ayiphazamiseki, kwanabandwendweleyo, bayacelwa ukuba tour:

• Imbali kummandla ukulungela ukusebenza. ixesha aphathwe axilongwe ibhalwe uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kummandla ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-17, ingqalelo kakhulu unikezelwa ekwakheni umzi, inkcubeko, uncwadi, ubugcisa.
• Uhlobo kummandla ukulungela ukusebenza. I-exposure ke zejoloji, ezindawo enenkcukacha edge thaca yefosili lifeforms ababephila phambi kokubhalwa kwembali ezifumaneka ngexesha umsebenzi kumbiwa okanye wokwakha entsimini. Uninzi mboniso na izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zonke ezi ndawo emelweyo avuleke ukusuka kwixesha yamandulo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
• exotic. Ukhenketho wazisa iindwendwe abameli kwezilo ehlabathini lonke (Umzantsi Melika, Asia, eAfrika, njalo-njalo), A iqashiso imiboniso kubonisa ubomi behlabathi kwamanzi, emelwe izilwanyana kumbindi weRashiya.
• Phantsi banner qumrhu. iintetho Trip malunga nokusekwa kwamandla eSoviet, uphuhliso kwindawo de 1941, iqwalasela ziyahlelwa ngabanye, njengokuba usisithunzi nexesha kweMfazwe Civil, intshukumo Stakhanovite, zocindezelo. Iziko leMiboniso, nto leyo unikezelwa olukhenketho weendawo ukuba ukusungulwa ngaphakathi eklasini, indawo zoluntu.
• Ukulungela ukusebenza Region ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Iihambo weendawo ziyabanjwa kwiholo azinikele engama 65th koyisa kule mfazwe. Avuleke ngokulandelelana kwazo, ityhila Ke kaloku kwathi, nto negcina amagama abemi - nxaxheba abakhutheleyo neemeko kunye nabasebenzi angasemva. Indawo esembindini unikwa ukuba diorama "Ukukhutshwa ukulungela ukusebenza".

KwiMyuziyam ingqokelela osisityebi ndawonye olunika ezahlukeneyo zizihlandlo yohambo. Ngenxa yoko, inzala ibangwa amabali malunga Decembrists, imbali imveliso yephondo kunye zodongwe, iziganeko kweMfazwe ka-1812, kwaye kakhulu ngakumbi.

inkcazelo eluncedo

Iindwendwe lazamkela ngobubele ukulungela yoMmandla Museum (mode of operation - 9:30 - 17:30, kugudiswa imali kwi amatikiti ngeholide 17:00). Indlela yokusebenza ngoMgqibelo: 11:00 - 19:00. Usuku lokuphumla nguMvulo. Amaxabiso amatikiti ukuqala ukusuka engange-100.

iindleko okwehlileyo zinikezelwe kubafundi, abadla umhlala-phantsi kunye nabafundi. ukufikelela Free kufumaneka kubo bonke abemi ngomhla iimyuziyam, kunye neendidi ezithile abemi rhoqo, ungaya kwi-National History Museum (ukulungela). Idilesi: Pushkin street, ukwakha 4.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo ukulungela ukusebenza

zembali iziganeko, izikhumbuzo, amaziko amaninzi enkcubeko na ukuyikholisa isixeko kubakhenkethi ka ukulungela ukusebenza. Ezinika umdla zotyelelo e inani yokuba kubakhawulela ngeke babe ngamini-nye. Eziphezulu iindawo ezilishumi lenkundla ngokuqinisekileyo exabisa utyelelo ziquka:

• St. George Cathedral kwakhiwa 1701.
• Temple of the Kumbi kwenkulungwane ye-17, ekummandla kummandla inqaba.
• Optina (70 km ukusuka ukulungela). Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe, woonongendi yasekwa umphangi Optoy oguqukileyo kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19. Le esimbaxa ngumthombo engummangaliso, intwasahlobo yesibini engcwele ibekwe phezu lomlanjana Zhizdra.
• State Museum of Cosmonautics Tsiolkovsky. It has mboniso inkulu eRashiya enikelwe ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni. Le ngxowa-mali ibamba malunga 600,000 izinto lokufumana - iiyunithi 400 amawaka.
• Chamber Korobov abathengisi. Lo lesikhumbuzo yokwakha izakhiwo yamandulo Russian kwenkulungwane ye-17.
• Stone ibhulorho yokuxuba Berezuevskogo ngohlangothi udonga. Le viaduct yakhiwa ngo-1785 yaye isakhiwo ilitye inkulu eRashiya hlobo. Ubude laliziimitha 160 nobubanzi 20 eemitha. Inxalenye eliphakathi - amabini amanqanaba kunye nakwiingqameko.
• Hotel Courtyard Old Trading Square. Isakhiwo kunye ndawo zezikaYe- ngenkulungwane ye-18, ukwakhiwa yaqaliswa yi ngabarhwebi kwisayithi ye kumwonyo endala. Ukubuyiselwa wenziwe ngo-2015.
• Pearl ukulungela ukusebenza - Finca Zolotarev, apho sibekwe museum imbali yasekuhlaleni.
• Craft Museum of Architecture noBomi. Kuye umboniso olunzulu ngembali bezandla intsomi zemveli, ezinkulu izinto zokudlala aziwayo ngodongwe. Ezinye avuleke asusela kwiinkulungwane 17-18th.
• Nikola-ulivila, kwilali epakini kubaluleke yesizwe "Ugra", apho umthendeleko ubugcisa yonyaka "Archstoyanie". Ngomhla kummandla amagcisa nabayili udale sculpture ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngezinto zendalo, ezithi saa kulo myezo.

Olu ayilo luhlu olupheleleyo yintoni ndincome iindwendwe kwisixeko ukulungela ukusebenza. Iimpawu phakathi komzi, nezibe zisendle. Eyahlukileyo Shamordino Convent ibekwe kufuphi kwilali Shamordino. Central Kazan Cathedral ukuba ezihonjiswe uphahla-15, isicombululo jikelele libhekisela isimbo endala Russian, zodonga ibonisa isithethe yeqhawe. Yima ayifunayo Manor Vorobyov, ilitye lesikhumbuzo ukuya sysadmin, iinkosi House, kwaye ngaphezulu.