Luis Bunuel: PIU kunye biography

Luis Buñuel - umlawuli abanetalente kunye screenwriter, ogama lakhe ngonaphakade eyayikrolwe kwimbali cinema. Lo mntu, ngubani oye wahlala iminyaka 83 ubudala, kwafuneka ukuba arhoxe phantse mane iifilim, uninzi lwazo nangoku umdla ukusuka kubaphulaphuli. "NgumNazarete", "Girl", "ukhohliwe", "Belle de YOSUKU", "Loo Into Sitha of Ngumnqweno" - nzima ukukhetha liphambili ngemizobo yakhe. Yintoni eyaziwayo umntu uzibiza lweli kwemiYalezo?

Luis Bunuel: Iinkwenkwezi Biography

umlawuli Future wazalelwa Calanda (Spain). Kwathi ngoFebruwari 1900. Luis Buñuel wazalelwa kwintsapho abanini abazizityebi, kodwa zange umnqweno ukulandela ekhondweni zabazali. Ekhumbula ebuntwaneni bakhe, Nkosi ngokufuthi waxelela malunga umoya ezikhethekileyo ezazikhona elalini yakhe. ezininzi, ukuze bayenze abemi Calanda, ezigcinwe ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi, kunye nenkolelo yonqulo kunye neenkolelo imimangaliso. Konke oku ushiye uphawu wayo kumsebenzi yomlawuli.

Maestro wayeneminyaka eli-17 ubudala xa wafudukela noyise wakhe Madrid, waba umfundi kwiYunivesithi Madrid. Ngexesha izifundo zakhe Luis Bunuel yaphuma abahlobo eziziingangamsha, phakathi kwabo kwakukho ababhali, amagcisa, zobulumko. Ingakumbi wasondela umfana Federico Lorca kunye Salvador Dali.

Impumelelo kuqala

Iiklasi ndandiseyunivesithi isenokungasebenzi Crash ukulibala iphupha lakhe ubuntwana - ukunxibelelanisa nakwizibetho zabo kunye nehlabathi ye cinema. Akumangalisi ukuba ngo-1920 ukuba Luis Bunuel Waba ngunozala enye iiklabhu yokuqala yaseYurophu bhanya, inani labathabathi-nxaxheba apho wangena kunye nabahlobo bakhe abaziwayo.

Ngowe-1925 waba ngumfundi ngumlawuli we-Paris Film Academy, ngoko wakwazi ukufumana isikhundla njengoko umncedisi kwi kakuhle yaziwa ngexesha ngqo yi Zhana Epshteyna. Okokuqala ukubhengeza ngokwalo njengoko umbhali waba ithuba ngo-1928, xa inxaxheba ekudalweni yegama elishicilelwe phantsi womzobo "Ukuwa zeNdlu Usher," licebo leyo abolekwe kwinoveli akukhuthazwa ngu Edgar Allan Poe.

bt esisikhupheli sokuxhaphakileyo

"Hlathi Andalusian" - i-short film yokuqala, ezazithabathayo Luis Buñuel, ogama bhanya kunye namhlanje bebamb 'ongezantsi abaphulaphuli. Short film wadalwa 1929, njengomthombo waphefumlelwa ukuba umlawuli waqalisa iphupha - abakhe kunye umhlobo osenyongweni Salvador Dali. Dreams and kamva kwenza imifanekiso ncam ocacileyo, leyo ke kuthwelwe kwikhusi.

Bunuel ayikho ngaphandle sizathu, boyika ukuba umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala iyothusa abaphulaphuli. Xa kusetyenziswa ukwenza imifanekiso engaqhelekanga surreal, kuba amehlo sisitshetshe umzekelo raspolosovat. Kule ngcaciso-17 short film eyenziwe yi-Louis kwaye ibe weqonga, Starring Intshayelelo njengomntu, yambethe incakuba. Kamva, lo mlawuli uyakhumbula, ehleka malunga nendlela weza iphambili ngamatye, ngalo ekujongwe ukuba atshitshise abaphulaphuli buxakaniseke. Noko ke, abaphulaphuli wathabatha umfanekiso nixhamle, ngoko ke ukulwa akwenzeki.

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Kwayala yi Luis Buñuel - indoda egama bhanya badla Ndizuze owayedume ihlazo. Le nto yenzeka kunye womzobo "The Golden Age" ndabona ukukhanya 1930. Phantse iminyaka engama-50, iqela uye wahlala esalelweyo umbukiso, njengoko yokuziphatha yoluntu bemsinekela, wahlasela iinkolelo zonqulo.

Ukub-Drama "Land Ngaphandle Isonka", epapashwe ngowe-1932, usiwe kumboniso kwiminyaka emihlanu kuphela emva indalo yayo. Kulo umboniso, umlawuli wathetha okungamanyala apho amafama banyanzelwa ukuba basebenze. A nakuwo film efanayo "Ixesha, alarm!", "Ngubani uyandithanda?".

nokususwa ngenkani

Njengabo nabanye abahlali abaninzi eSpeyin, umlawuli ubunzima ukusuka kulawulo zwilakhe. Uhlaselo yi abasemagunyeni kwanyanzeleka Buñuel eze eUnited States ngowe-1932. Inxulumene ne intshukumo ikhefu ngenkani umsebenzi wakhe, Luis ngokupheleleyo ladubula kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala nto. Crash wayesebenza umhleli Hollywood, wayesebenza ixesha inxalenye kwi Museum Modern Art, enethemba ngenye imini ukuba abuyele uyithandayo yakhe.

Kukutshintsha kubomi yingqondi baqalisa ukufudukela Mexico, owenzeka ngo 1947. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, wafumana ubumi Mexican kwaye kwakhona waqala ukudubula iifilimu surreal. Kwaba ngoko wadala ukupeyinta yakhe yokuqala Yaduma Luis Bunuel. PIU Crash ufumene drama "ukhohliwe", elingcwele, ulwaphulo-mthetho ulutsha. Ugxininiso abaphulaphuli asinto ubomi lula abantwana ababini, esiza abavela kwiintsapho ezihluphekileyo Mexico. Le filimu ufumene lomtyunjwa amabhaso eziliqela ezidumileyo, kuquka BAFTA.

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"Veredineya" - Luisa Bunyuelya umboniso, thaca kwinkundla abaphulaphuli ngo-1961 waza waba ngomnye imisebenzi ebalaseleyo yomphathi. Lo mfanekiso kwakukho isiqhamo co-imveliso eMexico Italy. Ibali malunga iinkanuko efihlakeleyo umuntu uthando kunye nomtshana wakhe. Ufuna ukuya eMonastri, kodwa uthando aphazamisane umalume wam ukuba avumelane nesigqibo sakhe. imvakalelo wakhe unamandla kangangokuba abuna- bahlabe kwi nomtshana wakhe.

Ngenxa indlela umfanekiso sele ifakiwe udidi lwakho abalawuli yamandulo Luis Bunuel? "Veredineya" - hayi nje umsebenzi wakhe obalaseleyo. Ufanelwe ukuba abalandeli ingqalelo ncam yaye umdlalo "umNazarete", wakhululwa kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo. Lo mboniso ubalisa ibali umbingeleli ngesiquphe abashiye isidima sakhe, aze aye kwi uhambo. Le meko intsonkothile xa umbingeleli onyanzelwayo ukujongana usindiso ihenyukazi, otyholwa ngokubulala umlingane.

Ngowe-1972, lo mlawuli Kuphendula film "I ingqondi Charm bongxowankulu," nto leyo eyenza nomvakalelo womoya onamandla kwi abaphulaphuli. Umzobo Surreal eyayinikelwe ukungabi ubomi mihla efumileyo. Lo mboniso uzisa Crash na intswahla kuphela, kodwa ke ibhaso "Oscar". Ukutyunjwa for "Oscar" ibhasari umdlalo "Tristan", epapashwe kwiminyaka emibini eyadlulayo. Kule filimu, leyo ibali yokuziphindezela, indima kweqhosha edlalwa Katrin Denev.

Yintoni enye ukubona

Zibala indalo liphambili umlawuli, akunakwenzeka singasathethi i "iMilky Way". Luis Buñuel wadala kule drama ohlekisayo co-eziveliswa e-Italy kunye eFransi ngowe-1969. Lo mboniso ubalisa ibali tramps ababini, ekuhambeni kwakhe banyanzelwa ukuba babe ngamalungu adventures engaqhelekanga kwaye kumnandi.

Ngowe-1974 lo mlawuli ukhumbula abaphulaphuli bakhe, ukuvelisa imovie surreal "Ghost yeNkululeko". Luis Bunuel wajika comedy ibe uthotho iziganeko abonakala ukuba uzimele, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe wathi kwi umfanekiso oguqukayo. Njengoko ngemisebenzi zangaphambili inkosi, umboniso uyakwazi ukuba yothuse abaphulaphuli ngequbuliso. Kule umlawuli projekthi umboniso ihlekisa uhanahaniso yoluntu mihla, ukuhlaselwa umkhosi kunye nebandla.

entsha ifilimu

Ayikwazi izakulahlwa kwaye umfanekiso wokugqibela, owasusa le ngqondi surrealist. Owokugqibela imisebenzi yakhe yaba umdlalo comedy "Loo Object Sitha of Ngumnqweno", thaca kuluntu ngo-1977. Lo mboniso ubalisa ibali indlela ubuhle oselula captivates Indoda endala. Le ntombazana uyakuthanda ukudlala ixhoba lakhe, ukuba bazive amandla ayo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo indima temptress ebulalayo enze abadlali ababini, ngoncedo yale ndlela umqondisi wayefuna ukubonisa abaphulaphuli emacaleni ezahlukeneyo ngumntu omnye.

Abagxeki baye wabiza umboniso lokugqibela wawuqondiswa ngu eliqaqambileyo kwaye nekratshi, wenza zayichukumisa le iifeni inkosi. Emva koko, inkosi khange isuswe omnye umboniso ephathelene neengxaki zakhe zempilo.

impilo Personal

Luis Bunuel ukuthatha nezifungo 1934, ukuzikhethela wakhe Frenchwoman z Rukar. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba badibana kwiminyaka esibhozo phambi kokuba sitshatile. Jeanne wazala oonyana ababini, kumlawuli, ogama uJuan Luis noRafael. Sons walandela emanyathelweni uyise odumileyo, ukuba alwe kwimisebenzi ngumlawuli, kodwa ukufikelela udumo efanayo abakwazanga.

Memoirs, ekhutshwe emva kokufa yomlawuli Jeanne ukuba abalandeli ukuba aqhelane ubuso ezingaziwayo nobuntu buchopho. Kubonakala ukuba kubomi bemihla ngemihla waba despot nomona. Buñuel akazange avumele owesibini isiqingatha baleka, esoyika unxibelelwano namanye amadoda, ephethe ezandleni zawo imali yentsapho ekhaya wayefuna ukwenjenjalo ngokuthobeka kwentliziyo, bengafuni kwahlukana kunye imali yabo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, umfanekiso indoda okhohlakeleyo, indoda ukulawula, ekhona Imizobo emininzi womculo. Lo mkhwa kokonga imali wahlala e Louis yaye xa kuyimfuneko usapho akukho elide emva kokufumana ngesimo sabo nkwenkwezi.

umqondisi ukufa

Famous umlandeli kwemiYalezo wayengekho nkqu ngoJulayi 1983, ngeli xesha yena wakwazi ukuba kubhiyozelwe isikhumbuzo th 83. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba imbangela yokufa ukusilela intliziyo. Kuhlasela xa umlawuli Bunuel ke City Mexico. Xa intando yakhe, yaseSpain omkhulu wavakalisa umnqweno wakhe umzimba wakhe kwesidumbu ukuthanda umfi lwaqhutywa intsapho yakhe. Okumangalisayo kukuba, indawo yokungcwaba eluthuthwini nangoku kugcinwa izalamane umlawuli mfihlakalo.