London iququzelela: nobude

London - ikomkhulu Kingdom yeGreat Britain, elinye lamazwe anempembelelo ehlabathini kwinkalo kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho. ixesha elisondeleyo kwesiseko - engama-43, xa amaRoma alingenele ilizwe yaye ayila umzi, leyo kuthiwa Londinium. Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, uya kufunda izinto ezininzi ezinomdla, kuquka uququzelelo of London. Makhe sihlolisise kwakhona intsingiselo ibhanti eluhlaza.

ulwazi jikelele nokulungelelanisa London

Uqhekekile umzi ibekwe kwi kumzantsi-mpuma United Kingdom. Le ndawo iyonke capital British nama-1580 macala onke. km. Ingongoma iphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle kuloo mzi intaba Vesterhem Heights, ibekwe inxalenye emzantsi-mpuma. Ubude bayo kweemitha 245. I-capital yanamhlanje yahlulwe 33 kummandla lolawulo self-geqe. Inani labemi ngo-2014 yaba yezigidi 8.5 zabantu.

London zika, nobude ukuba ingabalelwa. Centre of isixeko kucingwa ukuba ukunqumla esitratweni Eleanor Cross kunye Charing Cross, apho ibekwe ecaleni Trafalgar Square. London ngqo uhlela: 00 ° 07'45 "nobude obunga nasentshonalanga; 51 ° 30'55 "inkululeko ngasentla. Kwimephu yehlabathi ungabona ukuba isixeko kubekwe kwi ithe cwaka inkulumbuso, amagama Greenwich. Igama livela igama Observatory, leyo kwinqanaba reference entshonalanga.

ibhanti eluhlaza

Eli gama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela ilizwe 554 700 yeehektare ehlabathini kwikomkhulu yaseBritani, nto leyo amaxesha zithathu umda London. Injongo wokulondoloza ibhanti oluluhlaza ukuthintela ukwakhiwa ngakumbi naziphi na izakhiwo ezitsha.

Lilinge lokuqala ezaphanzayo ukunqanda ukwanda of London senziwa 1593. Ukususela ngoko de ngenkulungwane XIX, umzi liye landa lunemiba ezintandathu. Oku lula kukuvela inani elikhulu iindlela nemizila kaloliwe ngenxa inkqubela zobugcisa. Ngowe-1938, umThetho wePalamente ichazwe ibhanti eluhlaza njengendawo zokuzonwabisa kunye nezolimo. Ngenxa yoko, indawo le London kunye zilungelelanise kuhlala ingatshintshanga amashumi eminyaka.

sezulu

Imozulu capital United Kingdom uchazwa elwandle ziingcathu. Ubusika eLondon ithambile nefudumeleyo, kunye isixa efanayo kwemvula ngexesha lonyaka. Le sezulu ngenxa yempembelelo Atlantic Gulf Stream. Spring kunye namandla awo oscillation ngokwaneleyo amancinci: umzekelo, umoya lobushushu ngoJanuwari Iqondo lobushushu lihle laya hayi ngaphantsi kwe-5 Celsius, yaye ngoJulayi - +23 ° C.

Amaqondo agqithisileyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuwa ngoAgasti: kunjalo, +37 ° C sabhalwa ngo-2003. Imozulu eshushu yathatha iintsuku eziliqela. Le nyanga abanda January. Ngeli xesha, ebusuku iqondo lobushushu angehla ezona -7 ° C. Uqweqwe ikhephu umenzi-25 iimilimitha. Ngenxa yokuba uququzelelo geographical of London abantu abanjalo ukuba ngandlel isuswe Atlantic, isixeko iphetshethelwe yimimoya epholileyo ehlotyeni ifudumele - ebusika. Xa unyaka omnye, kukho izaqhwithi omnye okanye emibini.

hydrography emzini

Ukususela kumzantsi-ntshona ukuya empuma nje emdeni lomlambo iThames eLondon. Kwisixeko ubude baso 68 km. IThames ubaleka ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezintathu iibrorho - ngeenyawo, indlela kwanezo zisebenzisa umzila, namatonela 20 ngaphantsi oko ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Umfula ugeleza kuLwandle North.

150 macala onke. km kwengqukuva kunyaka ngamnye ziphantsi kwizikhukula ngenxa amakhulu iThames. Kumaxesha yamaRoma umandlalo umlambo kummandla Westminster wajika eliganelwe amaxesha 3. Ukuze kukhuselwe umhlaba emazeni olwandle ngo-1984 yayakhiwe iThames Barrier. Eli dama ifakwa phakathi komzi, Azigubungele ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, zokufuna nomfula. Kumantla iThames baba imijelo yamanzi, iyalibala jikelele apho 105 km: Grand Union (kubandakanywa emikhonweni yayo Paddington), Regent kunye Li-Navi. Zazakhiwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX ukudibanisa i London Docklands kunye nothungelwano umsele UK.