Larch iikhowuni bafana?

Larch - nompleyini, entle aqheleka kakhulu amahlathi eMpuma Koloni eSiberia, kwi Sayan, zeAltai kunye East Far. Yenza i woods enkulu eqaqambileyo blonde. Xa iimeko kunokuba kakuhle, larch zikhula ukuya kubude kwama-40 eemitha baze bafikelele ubudeki nesiqu ukuya kutsho kwimitha-1 okanye ngaphezulu.

ingafumaneka kweli nqaku kwi buyini umthi emangalisayo kunye siqwalasele iimpawu zayo yaye kuthiwa njani iikhowuni ze larch.

Larch: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Age of emthini kunokuba ukuya kwiminyaka 400. Uphawu kunye nabameli ababhalisiweyo kunye nonyaka-800 ubudala.

Larch - a isityalo coniferous usapho Pinaceae. A iintlobo ngeentlobo yamalungu zibe athunyelwa uninzi kumntla ikhweyitha.

Larch - an conifer engaqhelekanga. It is a umlimi fast. I okungaqhelekanga ngayo kukuba zonke iinaliti zayo ngaphandle ebusika. Ezi iinaliti zithambile kwaye elimxinwa-yomgama. Ibhumbulu - ovate kunye ajikelezayo. Lonke uhlobo larch iquka iintlobo ezimalunga nama-20.

incazelo

Esi sityalo monoecious. Larch isithsaba namanyala (etsobhileyo in abaselula), ilanga likhanya phakathi. Azuza ngeqanda yobudala kunye imilo ahanjiswa kunye enkcochoyini luhlaza. Kwiindawo apho kukho umoya rhoqo, flagoobraznaya isithsaba emise okanye elinye macala.

ebizwa njani cone? Xa larch ahluke kwamadoda (ngeenxa okanye ovoid), tyheli ngebala, nabafazi - oluhlaza okanye ngqombela-pink, ekhangeleka nice kakhulu. Uvuvuzelo lwenzeka kunye iinaliti eqhubela phambili okanye emva: emzantsi ithatha ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kutsho ngoMeyi, emantla - ngoJuni. Nokuvuthwa kwenzeka ngokwindla lowama-cone kule larch kunyaka kweentyatyambo. Baye i evuthelweyo, imilo ajikelezayo kancinane, ubude bawo -. 3.5 cm iikhowuni zeento larch okanye ngoko nangoko luxeliwe, okanye kwenzeka emva overwintering, kwentwasahlobo. Bangabantu 3-4 imbewu kuphela.

Imbewu larch ezincinane, ovoid, kunye amaphiko zivale iziqhoboshelo. I-iziqhamo larch kuvela kuphela ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-15.

iintlobo larches

ERashiya, njengoko kuchaziwe, imila malunga-20 eentlobo kwaqanjwa larch. Elaziwa kakhulu ezi Dahurian kunye Siberian. Khulisa zonke iindidi ikakhulu kuMntla Yurophu, eMelika, kwaye endle, kwaye ngendlela ethile ekhethekileyo zilinywe.

ESiberia - umthi ukhula iimitha ukuya ku 45. ifomu Heliophilous ukumelana nomoya, iqabaka kunye nembalela. larch Siberian iye ukufuma ephantsi kunye nomhlaba.

YaseYurophu - umthi elila imilo, ukuya ubude neemitha ezingama-30, ezi zilwanyana ixesha elide kakhulu ..
Crohn loo larch ikakhulu etsobhileyo okanye mgaqweni, kunye namasebe zibhetyebhetye. Cora yena omdaka. izixhobo Ubukhulu larch -. Ukukhanya 4 cm iinaliti eziluhlaza abe ubude 10-40 mm. Ixolo yakhe shinyi, nombala-mdaka. Iinaliti eqokelelwe ube zizithungu, kuba ubude ukuya ku 13-45 mm. Umbala yokukhanya bamantshontsho oluhlaza. Iimbewu zivuthwe ngoSeptemba.

larch Dahurian, okanye Gmelin - kakhulu umthi omde (iimitha 45). Kakhulu ebusika-aqine, emelana neembalela, ukungafuni kumhlaba isityalo. Crohn ithe njengesilinda ovoid ebanzi isityalo esitsha - iphiramidi. Brown okanye ngqombela tree. iinaliti eziluhlaza ukukhanya ubude ukuya ku-3 cm. Larch iikhowuni kuba ubukhulu ukuya ku 2.5 cm.

Ukulila larch ufikelela umphakamo we-25 m. Namagatya awo hang nezivele. Iqolo abamnyama emdaka. Larch iikhowuni babe ubungakanani ukuya ku 2.5 cm ubude.

larch American - imitha-25-high umthi, isithsaba na etsobhileyo okanye elimxinwa-pyramidal. Kuyinto ukunyamezeleka kakuhle ukufuma kwemfuneko. Branches kwimilo kujikwa kancinane kwaye ejingayo phantsi. iinaliti eziluhlaza Light abe ubude-3 cm. Le elincinane, amaqhuma ngendlela entle violet-red kombala, nokwanda njengoko zijika zibe mdaka.

Cajander efanayo ngeendlela ezininzi ukuya larch Dahurian. Wood isinqandi kwaye ukukhula kwimihlaba amahlwempu. ukuphakama kwawo - ukuya kutsho kwiimitha-30. Larch iikhowuni atshabalalisa kancinane, ukulenza.

Ibhumbulu pine, nespruce kunye larch

Kukho umahluko phakathi cone zonke iintlobo zemithi coniferous, kunye nokufana abanayo kukuba monoecious.

Nespruce has a isithsaba etsobhileyo kunye namasebe, baqubuda bagubungele ngokupheleleyo buti emthini. isiqhamo sawo (cone) nazo ezincotsheni ijonge ezantsi.

Pine has a isithsaba onabileyo ngamasebe, avuswe. Kwaye ungqubeka phezulu okanye ukubukela njengoko iziciko zabo ngqo emacaleni.

Ngokungafaniyo cone yangaphandle imithi emithathu ubukhulu becala umbala kunye nobukhulu.
Larch iikhowuni echazwe ngokupheleleyo ngakumbi nje ngentla. Aba kakhulu nothi zontathu iintlobo zemithi.

iikhowuni Pine zibanjwa e petioles elifutshane, zezindlu (ubude-10 cm kunye ubukhulu ukuya ku-4 cm). Ukuba zivuthwe ngomnyaka wesithathu, izikali ezahlukeneyo ezomeleleyo.

iikhowuni fir amalungiselelo spirally kwasekwa izikali ngaphaya kwawo. ke ukuvuthwa kunyaka wokuqala. Ezi sinuses ezi Umselu-2. Le Isikali larch kwi mninzi wayo embindini phakathi cone of nespruce kunye pine.

isiphelo

Larch - isityalo luncedo kakhulu, yaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi amayeza abanam. Qaphela ukuba le nto ndiyibhalayo iinaliti yayo oyile kubalulekile, amaxolo - eziphilayo asidi, tannins, anthocyanins, catechins, flavonols njalo njalo.
Eyona lwazo zonke iindlela asetyenziselwa ukujikwa - iMbewu. nice kakhulu kwaye ukhangele izixhobo larch ezikhwankqisayo esivuthiweyo ixesha.