Kubalo lwabantu. Ubalo lwabantu bokuqala

Ingaba yindawo engakanani ngathi kubalo lwabantu namhlanje ... Oku akuyi kumangalisa mntu, awuyi kuthukuthela. Ngengqiqo, le nkqubo isele iyingxenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu. Kungokwemvelo - cela injini yokusesha malunga nenani labantu kwisixeko, apho uceba khona kwiholide. Ngombuzo wokuba uhlala kwisixeko esikhulu, phantse wonke umntu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, uzakubiza igama elilinganayo kodwa elisondeleyo. Umfundi wesikolo uya kubhala lula izixeko ezinabantu abangaphezu kwesigidi ezweni lakhe kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukwazi ukuphendula ukuba bangaphi abantu abahlala naye kwintsimi enye. Kodwa kwakungekho njalo njalo. Ngaphambili, ubalo lwabantu lwangumcimbi obalaseleyo. Intsha, nzima, ibe nomsebenzi wayo oyingqayizivele.

Imbali ethile yehlabathi

Kwiinkulungwane zamandulo, ngexesha leemfazwe ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokwahlula kwintsimi phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo, ubalo lwabantu lwasetyenziselwa yonke indawo. Yonke inkosi yamadoda yayiyazi abantu bakhe, inani leentsapho ezihlala phantsi kolawulo lwakhe. Emva koko, ixabiso leerhafu ezihlawulwe lixhomekeke kuyo, kwakudingeka ukuba ukwazi inani labantu abanokukwazi ukubhalisa emkhosini xa kwenzeka enye imfazwe.

Oku kwakufunekayo kumaxesha amandulo. AmaNdiya, amaFarao aseYiputa, urhulumente waseChina wasendulo kunye neYapan yamandulo - bonke babe neendlela zabo zokubhala ingxelo kwinani labantu.

Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, nokuba iBhayibhile ichaza ubalo lwabafundi owenziwa nguKumkani uDavide.

IGrisi ya mandulo kunye neRoma yaseMandulo yayibala kuphela inani labantu abadala. Kodwa oorhulumente bamanye amazwe (njengaseJamani, eFransi, eItali) bakhetha ukujonga abantu njengentsapho yonke.

века. Ubalo lwabantu bokuqala boluhlu lwabantu basekuhlaleni luqhutyelwa e-United States of America kungekudala ngaphambi kokuphela kwekhulu le- XVIII .

Lumente waseRashiya

века. Ubalo lwabantu bokuqala baseRussia lwaqhutywa phakathi kwekhulu le- 13 . Yaba yinto ebalulekileyo yolawulo olwenziwa nguMongol. Isizathu esona sizathu sokubalwa kwamanani kwaba kubalwa kunye nokucwangciswa kwentela (irhafu).

Emva kokukhululwa kwijoka laseMongol-Tatar kwimihlaba ethile yaseRussia, le nkqubo yagcinwa. Nangona kunjalo, iimbununu ezimbalwa kuphela zibalulwe. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyaziwa ngokugcina iirekodi kuphela kwi-Novgorod naseKiev. Ekuqaleni, umhlaba wawuyinto yobalo (ukulima, ishumi, iyadi).

Iirekhodi zagcinwa kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yiincwadi zokubhala. Nangona kunjalo, yodwa inxalenye engafakwanga yolwazi ithathelwe ingqalelo. Kamva bathatyathwa ngokuthi "iincwadi zokupasa". Abalobi baqokelele ngokukhethekileyo abameli befundisi. Kwakhona kwakufuneka ngenxa yokuba phakathi kwabo kwakukho ababhali abaninzi ababhalisayo.

Ngexesha lolawulo lwaseRussia

Ubalo lwabantu bokuqala lubalo lwaloo mcimbi wodwa. Kuba ukulungiswa kwayo sele isetyenziswe ngaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini. Oku kwakukhona kwaye yahlala yiprojekthi eyodwa, xa ubalo lwabantu baseRussia lwaqhutywa yonke indawo kwaye ngosuku olufanayo.

работу по внесению данных планировали выполнять при помощи электрических счётных машин. Ngokomgaqo kaNicholas II, umsebenzi wokungena kwedatha ucebelwe ukuba uyenziwe usebenzisa uomatshini wokubala ugesi.

Enyanisweni, uninzi lwengcaciso lwangeniswa ngokubala amagosa, ekubeni ukubhala nokubhala kwabafundi akuzange kuvumele ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubela yezobugcisa belo xesha kufezekiswe.

Nangona kunjalo, isinyathelo esilandelayo sasisenziwa ngokubala amashishini kagesi. Yonke inkcazelo efunyenweyo isetyenzisiweyo kwikhadi le-punch, ngamnye kumhlali ngamnye.

Ngokweengcali, iindleko zenkqubo yonke zidlulile kwizigidi ezi-6 zeziRuble zaseRashiya.

Ukuphendula ingxelo kubemi phantsi kwamaSoviet

Amagunya aseSoviet anika ingqwalasela enkulu ekuqaliseni ukubunjwa kobuninzi bemihlali, kodwa ukuhanjiswa kwemida, inkolo kunye nobuzwe.

Ubalo lo kuqala emva kokuguqulwa kwe-revolution lwenziwa ngowe-1920, kodwa lugubungela kuphela imimandla engekho iMfazwe Yomphakathi.

Emva kweminyaka emithathu, bonke abahlali basezidolophini babhalwa kwakhona, kwaye emva kweminyaka emithathu kubalo lwabantu jikelele.

ERashiya yanamhlanje

Ubalo lwabantu baseRashiya lwenziwa kuphela kwiminyaka elishumi emva kokubunjwa kwelo elitsha. Kuye ukusuka ngomhla we-14 ukuya ku-25 Oktobha 2010. Ngokutsho kweziphumo zokuqala, kwaziswa ngo-Matshi 2011, abantu baseRussia babengu-142 905 200 abantu. Ngethuba le-2002, iRashiya ishukunywe ngabantu ukusuka kwi-7 ukuya kweyesi-8 kwihlabathi.

Ubalo lwabantu baseCrimea yimikhosi yaseRussia Federation eyenziwa ekwindla ka-2014. Iinjongo zayo ziye zagxeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokubhekiselele kwingcaciso malunga nolwalamano lwenkolo noluntu.

Ukuthembeka kwedatha

Ukuthembeka kweenkcukacha zolwazi kubalo kubaloo mpazamo, ngoko ke kudla ngokuxubusha ingxoxo.

Ungazibandakanyi ubunzima benjongo kunye nokuzimela, ukuchaphazela kakubi ukuchaneka kweziphumo zayo.

Impazamo iyakwenzeka zombini ngexesha lokulungiselela kunye ngexesha lokuqokelela idatha nokucwangciswa. Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele kukuba yonke imihla umntu ufa, kwaye umntu uzalwa.

Ngethuba lombuso, abalobi baseRashiya babalwe ngenjongo. Izakhamuzi zisetyenziselwa iindlela ezilula, kodwa ezifanelekileyo. Ekubeni irhafu ihlawulwe kwididi, kwaye kungekhona kwinani labantu abahlala kuyo, abalimi bangasuka kwizindlu eziliqela ukuya kwelinye okanye bakha ucingo lwesikhashana olujikeleze imizi emibili okanye ngaphezulu.

Ngokomzekelo, ubalo lwaba-1897 luhamba kunye nenani elikhulu lamahlebezi. Akunabo bonke abahlali abaxhasa le ngcamango. Kwakukho ukuhleka kweentlobo phakathi kweefolk dolophu. Abantu ngokuzibophelela nangenqweno bayesatshiswa kukuba injongo yobalo kukufakwa kweerhafu ezintsha. Yaye le yinto enobulungisa kakhulu. Abahlali babesaba ukuba babeza kukhwela ukuya kumazwe angabathuthukanga aseSiberia. Phakathi kwezinye iindawo zakudala zeenkolelo, kwathiwa ukuba ukubalwa kwabantu kukuphawu lokuba ukuza kukaKhutshisi-Kristu uza.

Olunye ulwazi lwaphazamiseka ngamabango ngabaphenduli ngokwabo. Ngokomzekelo, akusiyo yonke into enikezelwe yinjongo ngokuphathelele isimo sabo sengqondo kwimisebenzi yempi, iintlobo ezongezelelweyo zengeniso, inkolo.

Iifom zobhaliso eziphambili zibonisa ukunyaniseka ekulungiseleleni imibuzo kunye nokungaphelelanga kwedatha. Ngokomzekelo, iiKazakhs neKirighiz kwimimandla emininzi zingabantu abafanayo. Kwaye nakweminye imithombo kucacile ukuba iiTurkmens ziqwalaselwa kunye neTajiks. Kwaye kukho ezininzi iimpazamo.