Izindlu kwi style Wright (isithunzi)

Kwiminyaka emva nje, izindlu kwi style Wright zithandwa. Ukuhlanganiswa komsebenzi, indawo kunye nobunye kunye nemvelo - yintoni ekwahlula le ndlela evela kwabanye.

ULloyd Wright, umsunguli wesimboli, wathi iingindlu kufuneka zibe nye kunye nendalo. Ngokombono wakhe, indlu enhle ayikwazi ukuphazamisa indawo. Enye ingxelo yezindlu zokwakha izakhiwo akufanele zifane, njengoko kungekho bantu abafanayo. Kuzo kwezilingo ukuba isitayela sikaWright sakhiwe, esibizwa ngokuba yiMpuma.

Inxalenye ethile yembali

Umakhi waseMerika uFrank Lloyd Wright akazange aqalise indlela yakhe. Wadala ulwalathiso olutsha kwifilosofi yezakhiwo. Iiprojekthi zakhe zibonakaliswe ngcamango yokuqhubeka kwendawo. Oku kungabonakala njengokungavumelani kwakhe kunye nemigangatho yeklasi yokwakha.

Impembelelo ekucingeni kukaWright yayisempuma, okanye kunoko, yaseJapan, ubugcisa, awayeyifundela kuma-1890. Oku kuye kwamfundisa ukuphelisa izinto ezingadingekile kwiiprojekthi kunye nokukhupha izinto ezingabalulekanga. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zokwakha izakhiwo zaseJapan, ukhulisa inkqubo yakhe yeendawo zangaphakathi zangaphakathi.

Izindlu kwisitayela seWright (isithombe esingentla) sihluke komnye, kodwa sinempawu eziqhelekileyo. Abacwangcisi abenzi iikopi ezifanayo zezindlu. Bagcina kuphela iimpawu zabo zobungcali.

Impawu eziqhelekileyo zesitayela sikaWright

Iindlu ezisetyenziswe nguLloyd Wright zilungele ukwakhiwa kwamadolophu. Ukuphefumlelwa ekudaleni ubugcisa bobugcisa kwakusenziwa ngamasiko aseMpuma, achazwa ngamaphahla aphezukileyo, ahamba ngokugqithiseleyo ukusuka kwindawo esezantsi, kunye nama-steppes aseMelika kunye nokukhululeka kwawo okukhulu okubonakala kubumbene. Ngoko ke iimpawu eziphambili ezivela kwisitayela.

Imigca ye-Horizontal iyinyanzelo kwizindlu zolu lwakhiwo lwezakhiwo. Zonke izakhiwo (kubini zigcinwe zimbini) zibonakala zi sasaza emhlabeni. Ngenxa yoko isiphumo sokuthi "umhlaba".

Uphahla olusenyakatho luyilo elinye iqakathekileyo elibonisa zonke izakhiwo. Uphahla luya kubaluleka luvela eludongeni kwaye lunceda ukudala "i-silhouette" engaphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweepansi apho kukho izibhengezo, eziza kudala iibhalkoni ezide.

Icandelo. Uphahla olujikelezayo phakathi kweepansi, imigca engqambileyo yophahla kunye nemigca engqongqo ye-minimalism ibonakala ihlula sonke isakhiwo sibe ngamacandelo athile. Isiphumo somelezwa ngamakholomu, afunyanwa rhoqo kwiiprojekthi. Ukujonga indlu yanamhlanje ngesitayela seWright, usenokucinga ukuba wayehlanganiswe kwiindawo ezihlukeneyo (ii cubes).

Iifestile ezinkulu, ukusuka kumgangatho ukuya kutsho. Ngokuqhelekileyo zihlotshiswe ngesakhelo. Oku kunceda isakhiwo ukuba sifane ne-landscape, ukuba sibe yinxalenye yendalo. Ubuninzi bokukhanya kwenza amakamelo avuke ngakumbi.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zemvelo. Ilitye kunye nemithi zifumaneka rhoqo njengeglasi kunye nekhonkrithi. Indlu iyahlula kwiindawo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoku kutshanje, ukugqithisa kwindlela esetyenzisiweyo.

Ngaphakathi kwezindlu

Iiprojekthi zezindlu kwisimboli seWright zibonisa iingongoma ezizodwa. Umzekelo ocacileyo wolu luhlu "olungengokwesiko" lweendawo zezindlu. Ngelo xesha, iikhidi edibeneyo kunye negumbi lokuhlala, kunye nokuhlamba kunye nokuhlambela, kunokuhlala kwindawo enkulu. Umakhi okhethiweyo ukhethe ukusebenzisa amacumbi ambalwa, kodwa amakhulu. Akukho isahlulo sakhiwo kumagumbi amancinci amaninzi, akazange aqonde.

Isici sesitayela - amagumbi avulekileyo aphakanyisiwe, atshintshe ngokuthe ngqo. Indawo evulekile yamagumbi igcwele ukukhanya kwemvelo kwiifestile zangaphandle. Ukwahlula kwiindawo zenzeke ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwefenitshala njengezahlulo. Njengomda, izinto ezihlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa ukugqiba udonga.

Iinkalo zobungaphakathi bwakhiwo

Ingaphakathi lamagumbi licwangciswe ngendlela enokuthi indawo kunye neempahla zendawo ziphela. Okukhethiweyo kunikwe izifundo eziphantsi. Imigca ephantsi iyakubonakala ijongene nemvelaphi yeefestile ezinkulu.

Khetha ifenitshala elula, ekhululekile neyasebenza. Umthunzi wawo kufanele ulungele umbala webala, kodwa uhluke kumbala wodonga. Yilungiselele ngaphandle kweendawo kunye neendawo ezingagcwalanga.

Ukwakhiwa kwangaphandle kwesakhiwo (isahluko, ukungena), kuqhubeka emoyeni kwamagumbi. Umzekelo obalaseleyo lwezibane zesikwere, ezigxininisa ngakumbi isikhala.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kufana nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi. Ngokomzekelo, kufuphi neklasi yokutya kunokufumaneka kwindawo yokudlela enezitye.

Ingaphakathi lendlu kwisitayela sikaWright lihlotshiswe ngezisombululo ezinokuthula, ezingathathi hlangothi. Akukho mizobo ephazamisayo kunye neepatheni ezinokuzimela.

Iindlovu zaseMelika zikhumbuza uhlobo lwesintu kunye nokuncinci. Zonke izindlu zibetha ngokulula kwazo kwaye zizodwa.

Iiprojekthi zezindlu kwisitayela seWright

Ukucinga ngeprojekthi yendlu kwisitayela se-prairie, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kwizinto zayo.

Uphahla luhlala lubanzi, luhlala emithathu okanye emine kwaye lube ne-slope encinane. Kubonakala kuyo nayiphi na indlela. Iibhonkco zibanzi, zisuswa kakhulu eludongeni.

Iifestile zePanoramic ezisentla zixhunyiwe ngqo kwiphahla. Zifumaneka ngokulinganayo kumaqela, kwiziko okanye nge-perimeter. IiWindows zihlala zihlotshisiwe, umzekelo, izikhohlisi ezicacileyo, zilungiswe ngetoni ye-facade, kwaye ukusuka ngezantsi ziza kuluhlu lwekhonkrete okanye ukhuni.

I-facade ihlukaniswe ngokubanzi ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Iipapapati, iifestile, i-awnings kunye nezinye iinxalenye ze-facade zihlonywe ngemivimbo yokuhlobisa.

Iimpawu zesakhiwo

Izindlu kwi style Wright (ukuya kwi-150 sq. M kuquka) zikhulu kakhulu kwaye zigcwele ukukhanya. Oku kuyahlula kuzo zonke izakhiwo.

Ubume bendlu bujoliswe ekuthuthukisweni kokuphila. Indawo leyo ivulekile, ixhunyiwe ngokufanelekileyo. Bahamba ngokugqithiseleyo komnye nomnye, indawo "ngokuqhubekayo".

Enye into yendlu ye-Wright yindawo enkulu yokuhlala ngaphandle. Ngaphandle kwayo, kungekhona enye indlu yelizwe.

Umbono wamanje wezindlu ezindleleni zikaWright

Abakhi bezakhiwo zanamhlanje basebenzisa iingcamango ezisisiseko ezichazwe nguWright. Ezi ziquka iikona zogxa, uphahla lwamahlathi, izicwangciso ze console kunye nendawo enkulu yangaphakathi. Iifowuni azicatshangwanga. Igumbi lesakhiwo, igumbi lokubasa umlilo, libonakalisa ubunye bentsapho. IJometri yezindlu zakhiwe ngamacangca. Kuyinkimbinkimbi ngeegalari ezinemibala, iibhaloni, iikholam, iibhola zeentyatyambo. I-Windows ivumelekile ukwenza izibane zesikhanyiso zikhanyise, kunye namaqhosha-ishythmic.

Izindlu kwi-Wright isitala ziquka kuphela amagumbi angamagangxathu kunye nezikwere, ezahluke ngobukhulu kunye nokuphakama kwezilwanyana. Isicwangciso segridi equle kuphela ama-angles angene. Iimpawu zakhiwo zasesidlangalaleni apho kusetyenziswa izangqa.

Iimpembelelo zakhiwo zokwakha izakhiwo zikaLloyd Wright zingenakuphikiswa. Izama ukuhlanganisa ukuphumelela kwanamhlanje.