Iindlela ezivela kwi-slabs kwilizwe: ukukhethwa kwezinto, ukulala

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokwenza amathrekhi ukususela kwi-slabs kwilizwe, ngoko kufuneka uqale ukhethe loo nto. Ingaba nemibala eyahlukeneyo, imilo kwaye iveliswe ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yoko, iimveliso ezineempawu ezithile kunye neempawu zenziwa.

Ukukhethwa kweetayili zeteknoloji yokuvelisa

Ukuqwalasela i-slaving slab, ubuchwepheshe bezinto ezimbini ezikhoyo zolu hlobo ziyakwazi ukwahlukana: i-vibrocompress kunye ne-vibro-casting. Kwimeko yokuqala, inkqubo yokuvelisa ininzi kwezobuchwepheshe. Kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezibiza, okubangela ukuba i-slab slab, ixabiso elincinane. Kodwa kunamathuba athile, abonakaliswe ngamandla okwandisa nokuzinza. Iimveliso ezinjalo, njengommiselo, zisetyenziselwa amabhuloho kunye neendlela zedolophu, kwizikwere nakwiipaki zikawonkewonke.

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza amathrekhi ukusuka kwi-slabs kwilizwe, ngoko kukulungele ukhetho lwesibini lwemveliso. Azinamandla, kodwa ziyakwazi ukujamelana nemithwalo eqhutywe kuyo emadini. Ukuxhobisa isayithi nge-tile ingaba kufuphi negalaji okanye phantsi kweemoto. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe umkhiqizo ngobungakanani bawo. Kwiindawo ohamba kuzo, kuya kuba nobukhulu obaneleyo kwi-3 ukuya kwi-4 centimeters. Kodwa kumacandelo apho ukuhamba kwezithuthi kucetywayo, ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezi-6-cm kungasetyenziswa.

Ukukhetha itile ngomumo

Ukuba uya kwenza ukuba ifowuni ilandeleke kweli lizwe, ngoko unokujamelana nokukhetha: khetha u-paving okanye paving slab. La magama amabini aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa njengama-synonyms, kodwa ekuqondeni kweenkampani zomthengisi ezi zinto zihluke. Ngokomzekelo, ukubetha amatye, zizitena ezincinci ezingaphandle zifana nezixhobo zamatye zamandulo zamatye. Ngoxa ukupakisha i-slabs yimiba yesikwere, icala elingahluka kwi-30 ukuya kuma-50 cm. Kwiphepha elingaphezulu kunokuba iipatheni ezahlukeneyo zokuhlobisa. Ukuba unenjongo yokuxhobisa indawo enkulu, ngoko ke kuza kukhangeleka kakhulu i-slabs, ekuvumela ukuba ufumane iziphumo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwimimandla engxande. Ukuba sithetha ngeendlela ezincinci zomoya, ke kuzo zonke iintlobo zeepatheni aziyi kubonwa. Kodwa isixa semali xa ukugxila kuya kuba mnandi. Imigudu yokuhamba kwindlovu endlwini yelizwe idlalwa ngamagosa asekhaya. Kodwa ngaphambi kokufumana izinto eziyimfuneko ukuba ziqwalasele ukuba ukusebenza kunye neetayile ezinkulu akusayi kukhawuleza nje kuphela, kodwa kubaluleke ngakumbi.

Ukulungiselela izixhobo

Ukufezekisa umsebenzi, kubalulekile ukulungiselela: i-rammer, i-trowel, intambo, u-bar, i-t-beam okanye ipayipi, i-broom, i-rake, ne-bip, i-broom, i-rake, kunye nesihlabathi kunye ne-samente ye-grade M 500. Kuya kuthatha i-rubber okanye i-kijan, iimbogi zokhuni kunye nezakhiwo zokwakha. Xa usebenza, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwepayipi kunye nesiproyra okanye ukuthambisa. Njengomnye wemithetho ebalulekileyo yokubeka i-slabs yintlanzi imfuneko yokubonelela umthamo we-5 millimeters ngomitha, kuphela ke amanzi aya kushiya ngokukhululekile isakhiwo kwintlanti okanye emthonjeni.

Isiseko sesiseko

Ukuthungwa kwebalale kuqala ngokulungiswa komhlaba. Ukuthembeka kwesiseko se siseko kuya kuxhomekeka kwimpumelelo yokwakha. Kwiimimandla yendawo yomzila, kufuneka ubeke amaphigi ngeengotshi ekuphakameni kwama-7 cm ukusuka emhlabeni. Kwinqanaba lala manqaku, umtya uyolule. Uluhlu lwe-turf, udoti kunye namatye kususwa kwintsimi. Ukulungelelanisa indawo echazwe kwiindawo ezinqamlekileyo, umgca ongenamandla womhlaba kufuneka ususwe, ama-dents kunye nemigodi-egcweleyo. Isikhundla esibangelwayo sinyulwe ngama-rakes kwaye sithinteka kakuhle.

Ukuba usebenza nomhlaba othabathayo, umququzeleli kufuneka uhlanjwe kuqala ngamanzi. Ngokuziphatha okufanelekileyo kwesi qeqesho, unqanda ukuxhaswa okungafaniyo kwendlela yokugqibela. Ubunzulu besiseko kufuneka kubalwe nge-margin ye-2 cm, ucingisise ukuba xa uhambelana nomhlaba uya kuhla.

Isiseko sinikwe umda ojikelezayo, ojikelezayo okanye ojikelezayo. Kule nqanaba kunokwenzeka ukubeka unxibelelwano. Ngaphambi kokuzalisa isanti kufuneka kubekwe i-geotextile, eyokuthintela ukukhula kokhula phakathi kweetreyile.

Ukwakhiwa komtya

Ngaphambi kokuba i- tiling ibhalwe kwi-cottage, kubalulekile ukubeka isanti kumhlaba olungiselelwe, oya kukhulisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo. Uya kwenza njengendlela yokuhambisa amanzi. Isanqatswa sisayinwa yi-rake, iyancwatyelwa, de kube yimihlaba ephakamileyo. Emva kweeyure ezingama-4 kwimozulu yelanga, umkhombane unokunikezwa ngokukhawuleza, nangaphezulu. Sebenzisa kule njongo iprofayili okanye umbhobho oqhelekileyo. Luhlelwe luhlobo lwemilayezo, kwaye iifom zizaliswa ngesihlabathi ngokuphakama okufanayo, ukubonelela nangaphezulu phezu komhlaba wonke.

Xa ubeka amathrekhi e-slabs kwi-cottage, ngamanye amaxesha kunamandla amakhulu emgangathweni umxholo ubeka kwisiseko somatye okanye umdaka. Kule nto, umxube womsanti we-sandwe ulungiswe kwisilinganiselo se-3 ukuya ku-1. Ukubunjwa kuboniswe kwinqanaba elide, kwaye emva koko i-screed ifakwe. Ukuba intsimi yindawo eyinkimbinkimbi, kuyona ndlela ingcono ukusebenzisa i-stowage ehlangeneyo, eya kuba nomxube we-sent-sand kunye nekhonkrithi.

Ukubeka i-slabs slabs

Ukuba uza kwenza amathrekhi ukusuka kwi-slabs kwilizwe, ke ngaphambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi, donsa intambo yentambo ngeenxa zonke. Kukulungele ukuqala ukucwangcisa ukubekwa kweemveliso kwinqanaba. Umqolo wokuqala utyunjwe ngentambo, ityile kufuneka ibekwe ngokwayo. Ukusebenzisa iminqamlezo kuya kuphelisa ukwanda kobubanzi bamalungu, amaxesha athile phakathi kweetayili kufuneka nokuba - ngaphakathi kweelimitha ezimbini. Ukuba umkhiqizo ubekwe ngokungalingani, usebenzisa i-trowel, kufuneka ifakwe kwaye isuswe. Uluhlu lwesanti lubekwa phantsi kwetayile, kwaye ke yonke into iphinda ihluthwe. Ukulungelelaniswa kwemveliso kufuneka kwenziwe ngosizo lwe-kayak kunye nesakhiwo sokwakha. Emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi, umgangatho uhlanganiswe kunye nomgca we-sement-sand mix mix and watered, kwaye emva kokuba i-backfilling ikhutshwe.

Iingcebiso zengcali

Xa ubeka amathrekhi ukusuka kwi-slabs kwilizwe, ngamanye amaxesha abaphathi bajongene neengxaki zokungenwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nezinto zokuveliswa kwemvelo okanye ezinye izakhiwo. Kule meko, kufuneka udonse imida ngokusebenzisa i-bulgarian. Emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi kunye nomzila ogqityiweyo, isanti kunye nomdaka zichithwa. Umda uphakanyiswe kwisisombululo sesisombululo seM 100, esingabandakanyi ukukhutshwa kweetyile kunye nokuchithwa kwimizila eyahlukeneyo yomzila. Kwinkqubo yokusebenza, kuya kufuneka uhlaziye isanti ehlanjwe ngaphandle kweemigangatho phakathi kwamatye okuvula.

Imiba yemisebenzi

Ukutsalwa kwebala lokungeniswa kwintsimi kungenziwa kuphela kwisiseko esilungiselelwe ngaphambili. I-rammer, izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Abanye abaphathi basebenzise kule njongo i-paw evela kwi-crane, apho i-handle is welded. Ukulungiselela umxube we-santingi, inqwaba yesihlabathi ithululela emhlabathini, apho i-samente iyaxutyushwa khona kancane. Kunqweneleka ukusebenzisa isanti emanzi. Yingakho umsebenzi wokubeka iileyili ulungele ukwenziwa ekwindla okanye entwasahlobo, xa kunomdaka, kwaye isimo sezulu asishushu.

I-tile inokwakhokwa kuphela ngesando somrubha, esiza kuhlalisa iimveliso ezinzulu kwihlabathi ukuya kumgangatho wokumakisha. Ukusetyenziswa kule njongo kufuneka kubekho izinto ezinqambileyo, kuba amatye okupaka ungonakalisa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba izithintelo ezidibeneyo endleleni, ezinjenge- manhole yamanzi okanye ipayipi yegesi, ziqale zigqitywe ngeeyile ezipheleleyo, kwaye ukugqitywa kokugqibela nokulungelelaniswa kuqhutywa ekupheleni. Ukuba awukwazi ukuwugqiba umsebenzi ngosuku olunye, ngoko umgangatho kufuneka uhlambuluke. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa i-samente kunye nesihlabathi esomileyo. Ubume buqala ukusabalalisa phezu komhlaba, kwaye emva kokuba igalelo lizaliswe ngendlela yokuqinisekisa.

Ukuqwalasela

Ngamanye amaxesha kwinqwelo lemibala ebonakalayo kwinkqubo yokuzalisa iiplanga kunye nomxube womsanti we-sandement isambatho esimhlophe esivela kwi-samente. Oku kubangelwe kumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu weetile okanye umgangatho wokwenza kwawo. Abavelisi abanokhenketho kwiimeko ezinjalo bacebisa ukuba baqhekeze umhlaba kuphela ngesihlabathi esicocekileyo. Ukuba ungathandabuzeki, ngoko kufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa umxube owenziwe ngoncedo lwezithako ezimbini. Kungcono ukusebenzisa isanti kuphela.

Iindleko

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza iindlela ezingabizi kwilizwe, ngoko kufuneka ukwazi iindleko zokupaka i-slabs. Umzekelo, ukubetha amatye, ubukhulu obunama-millimitha angama-40, kuya kubiza i-ruble 326. Imitha nganye. Ngokunyuka kobunzima ukuya kuma-millimitha angama-60, ixabiso liya kuphakama kuma-ruble angu-378. Imitha nganye. Xa ubukhulu bungama-millimitha ama-50, iindleko zi-361 ruble. Imitha nganye. Ukuba udinga ukubeka i-slabs, intengo yale mveliso ifanele ikuthande. Kodwa ngo-8-cmenti "zigzags" eziqhelekileyo, ububanzi obuyii-80m, kufuneka uhlawule ama-ruble ama-522. Imitha nganye.