Ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic foam: izibonelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka, isicelo sokwakhiwa

Ikhonkrithi ye-foolithi yesikhombiso se-Monolithic isetyenziswa namhlanje kwiindawo ezininzi zokwakha. Eli qiniso alinakubizwa ngokuthi liyamangalisa, kuba loo nto ifumanekile iimpawu zokusebenza. Ukuba uthelekisa nezinye izisombululo, ikhonkrithi ye-foam iyahlukana nokuba ingaveliswa ngqo kwisiza sokwakha okanye kwisityalo.

Iteknoloji yokuThengisa

Imveliso yekhonkrithi ye-foam yaqala ukuphuhlisa emva kweRussia nakwamanye amazwe iimfuno zokungeniswa kwamafutha ezakhiwo zaqina. Ngoko ke, izinto eziphezulu zokusebenza, ezihambelanayo nayo yonke imimiselo eyimfuneko, zaqala ukuvela kwiimarike.

Yenza ukhonkwane lobisi usebenzisa isamente kunye nesihlabathi, apho isisombululo senziwe khona. Emva kokubunjwa kugqitywa kwi-aeration. Iqondo lokushisa lomoya kwisakhiwo sokwakha akufanele siwele ngaphantsi kwee-10 degrees. Ukuba sikhankanya izigaba zomsebenzi, umxube wekhonkrithi uzaliswe ngamanzi, kwaye isanti kunye nesamente ziyathululelwa kwingqungquthela ejikelezayo. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo, i-foam egqityiweyo ipakishwe, ukuhlanganiswa kuxutywe kwaye kwondliwe kwifom eyenziwe ngaphambili. Ukwandisa amandla esakhiwo esisetyenziselwa ukuqiniswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kusetyenziswe ifom esebenziswanga, eyenziwa ngendlela enokubomeleza ugcino lokugqibela ngaphandle. Iimpawu ezidumileyo ziyi -magnesite sheets.

Ukunyaniseka

Ukuba usebenzisa le teknoloji, uya kukwazi ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwekhonkrithi ye-foam kunye ne-foam ngokwayo, ukukhawulezisa umsebenzi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemali. Ukulawula umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo kunokukwenziwa ngexesha lokuzaliswa komxube ngendlela yokulinganisa kunye nokuvavanya iisampuli. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba indlu yanikezelwa ngophethilo oluphezulu lwe-thermal, ikhonkrithi ye-foam kufuneka isetyenziswe, ububanzi bayo buya kufana nama-250m. Nangona ubuninzi buba malunga neekhilogram ezingama-200 nganye ngeekhiyitha yemitha.

Iinjongo eziphambili zekhonkrithi

Imveliso yekhonkrithi yentambo ingenziwa nguwe yedwa kwisiza sokwakhiwa, le ngenye yeenzuzo eziphambili zezi zinto. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iindonga zivakala kwaye zitshisa ukushisa, kwaye iindleko zokufudumala zingancitshiswa ngama-30%. Ukugqitywa kokuqhubekayo kulula, iindonga zihlala zizinzile kwaye zinokwethenjelwa.

Ukuba usebenzisa ikhonkrithi ye-fool monolithic ekwakhiweni kwendlu, ke i-microclimate emihle iya kunikwa ngaphakathi, kuba loo nto ikwazi ukugcina umswakama obushushu kunye nobushushu. Ehlobo, indawo ayiyi kudla, kwaye ubusika ubushushu buya kuhlala buhlala ngaphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abathengi bakhetha ikhonkrithi ye-foam ngenxa yesizathu sokuba ubume bendalo. Ngethuba lokuvelisa inkqubo akukho zinto ezinobungozi ezisetyenzisiweyo, akukho zakhi zetyhefu zenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza.

Iindonga zingenakuvutha umlilo, azitshisi phantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphezulu. Iimvavanyo eziqhutywayo zibonisa ukuba ikhonkrithi ye-foam ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yesizathu sokuba singasetyenziselwa ukudala nayiphina imveliso, ikhonkrithi yeselula isetyenziselwa ukwakha ii-arches, iipramramdi kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezinzima. Kwinkqubo yokwakha, uya kuqonda ukuba kuqoqosho, kwaye ungayisebenzisa ukufezekisa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwamapaneli, ukuphazamisa ukuphazamiseka nokuphazamiseka kwephahla.

Iingxaki ezingundoqo

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokwakha indlu kwikhonkrithi ye-fool monolithic, kufuneka uqikelele ukuba inokuthi yenziwe kuphela ngeendlela zesifuba. Oku kubonisa ukuba konke ukungalungi kwezi zakhiwo kuya kulindelwa ngabemi ngokungafihliyo. Xa uklanywa nokufaka, unokujamelana nobunzima. Emva koko, umntu onamava ekwakheni uya kukwazi ukuthabatha izinto ezikwimeko (ifomworkwork).

Izinto ezifunayo zifuna ukukhutshwa, okufuneka kukhethwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle koko izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zonokrasi ziza kuba zilize. Nangona ukuba ubuhlobo bendalo bendawo buphezulu, abanye abakhiqizi basebenzise ama-agent agxothayo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, engayi kuthiwa ikhuselekile. Kodwa ukubunjwa kwabo, ngokomthetho, kungaphantsi kwehafu yesenti.

Ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic foam, ukuphononongwa kwayo okungenokuba yinto embi, kunobunzima obunzima, kodwa umntu akanakukungaziboni ulwahlulo lwezixhobo. Iindonga ziya kuba nako ukuphakamisa imithwalo ephakamileyo kwindawo esesigxina, kodwa ukuxabana okubuhlungu kunokubangela ukutyhalwa. Oku kubonisa isidingo sokusebenza kakuhle. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iimfuno zekhonkrit zimele ziqiniswe.

Ukusetyenziswa kwesakhelo sesinyithi kunokubangela iindleko ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba unqumle ukhetha ikhonkrithi ye-fool monolithic yokwakhiwa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqwalasele i-minuses yezinto eziphambili ngaphambili. Phakathi kwazo kubalulekile ukunika i-porosity ephezulu, ebangelwa imbangela yokunyuselwa kwamanzi ukuya kwi-15% yobuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo. Njengoko uqeqesho lubonisa, ngokuqhelekileyo akuyibi kakhulu, nangona kunjalo ukunyuka kwamanzi kungakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kweempawu zokutsalwa kwe-thermal. Ukulwa nale ngxaki ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo omkhulu wokungena kwamanzi, oza kuhlukanisa izinto ezivela ngaphandle. Ukuphazamiseka kukuba indlela yokwenza umsebenzi ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuba yinto elula kakhulu.

Ukongezwa okongeziweyo

Ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic foam isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa namhlanje ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa inezinto ezinobungozi, okuyi-low vapor barrier, engabangela ukuthuthwa kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwendawo. Ukuze kwenziwe isiseko sekhwalithi kwezo zindonga, kuphela i-slaol monolithic isetyenziswe, ngaphandle koko ukuphantwa akunakuphetshwa. Gcwalisa isikhala esakhiweyo phakathi kweendonga zindonga zekhonkrithi kuphela ngokuhambelana ngokubambisana. Isisombululo esibi kukusebenzisa isisombululo samente nesanti. Kule meko, unobungozi bokufumana iziqu ezinokulingana kwama-millimitha amathathu okanye ngaphezulu. Kule meko, izakhiwo zokushushumbisa amathambo kunye neepropati zokukhusela izandi ziya kuncitshiswa.

Akunakuba mnandi kwaye emva kokwakhiwa kweendonga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwefom ekhutshweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuphoyisa ubuso ngaphezu koko, okuyinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi kwaye yenza ukuba kube nzima kakhulu abasebenzi. Ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic foam, njengawo nawuphi na umphathiswa, iyancipha emva kokwakha. Ukuba uthelekisa nekrekri ephazamisayo, ke iphezulu. Kodwa ukuba iteknoloji iyabonwa, ayiyi kudlula i-0.1%. Ubunzima bokubanjelwa buza kwenzeka ngenyanga engama-1.

Kutheni ungafanele ukhethe ikhonkrithi ye-foam

Ixesha eliqhelekileyo i-monolithic foam ikhonkrithe ichithwa kunye nokusetyenziswa komsebenzi oqingqiweyo, nangona kunjalo, ukuba izixhobo zesakhelo zisetyenziswe ngaphezu kweyodwa, ezi zinto zingabangela ubunzima ekugqibeleni. Azikho zonke izinto ezisetyenziswe kakuhle kwindawo. Xa ufaka izinto zokubhabisa eludongeni, kuya kuba lula ukuqhuba izikhonkwane kunye nezipikili ngaphandle komgudu ongadingekile, emva koko zibuyele. Ngaphakathi kwesitya sokufaka i-fasteners ikhonkco, kodwa ngezitena okanye ezinkuni iingxaki ezinjalo azivuki.

Isicelo sokwakhiwa

Ikhonkrithi ye-monolithic foam, iteknoloji yokuvelisa echazwe ngasentla kwaye inokukwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo, isetyenziswe kumacandelo akwakhiwa ahlukeneyo. Le ngcaciso ingafumaneka kwiintlobo, ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi ye-foam kunye noxinaniso lwama-800 kilogram nge cubic meter. Amandla ayi-3.5 MPa. Njengoko uncedo olongezelelweyo lwaloo mvavanyo kukuba banciphisa umthwalo kwisakhiwo.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhonkrithi ye-foam isetyenziselwa ukukhupha uphahla oluphambili. Ubungakanani bemilinganiselo kufuneka ibe malunga neekhilogram ezingama-250 ngeekhiyitha nganye. Kodwa ungqongqo ophezulu wokukhusela ungenziwa ngekhonkrithi ye-foam kunye nobunzima beekhilogram ezili-600 nge cubic meter.

Le ncwadana isetyenziselwa ukulungelelaniswa kwee- interfloor, kunye ne-thermal insulation of walls. Ukuba kukho isakhiwo esenziwe ngezitena ze-silicate, ikhonkrithi ye-foam ingasetyenziselwa, ubuninzi balo buqala ukusuka kwiikhilogram ezingama-200 ngeekhiyitha nganye. Ukufudumala ngale ndlela kuvumela ukunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi kunye nokuphelisa isidingo sokusebenzisa izinto ezibizayo nezikhuselekileyo ezifana ne-polystyrene eyandisiweyo kunye ne-wool. Uyakwazi ukufumana izinto ezichazwe kwiindawo zokwakhiwa kweengcina. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimeko ze-metallurgical Novolipetsk zidibanisa ukungavumi ukusebenzisa uboya obuncitshisiweyo, ukuhamba kwikhonkrithi ye-foam, ubunobuninzi balo buyi-kilogramgram ye-cubic meter.

Ixabiso lekhonkrithi

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa ikhonkrithi ye-foam ekwakhiweni, ixabiso le ngcaciso kufuneka linomdla. Ukuyifumana, kufuneka uhlawule iiruble ezingama-4000. Ngama-cubic meter. Olu buninzi luvela ukusuka kwi-D400 ukuya kwi-D1200, loo nto ifanelekileyo kwisixhobo seenkcukacha kunye neminye imisebenzi.

Intengo yendlu eyenziwe ngekhonkrithi

Iindleko zendlu eyenziwe ngekhonkrithi ye-foam zingaba ngaphantsi kakhulu kunokusebenzisa ezinye izinto. Ngaloo ndlela, kumamitha ayi-square engama-242 kufuneka uhlawule ii-ruble ezingama-3 500,000.

Iimpawu zobuchule

"I-konolithic foam konkrit, okanye isakhiwo esingenamali." Yilo lizwi lokuba abantu abakhetha izinto zamaselula kwikhaya labo elizayo bayavumelana. Kodwa kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ukubonakala kwesakhiwo esifumeneyo akunakwenzeka kakhulu. Ukuba uthelekisa kunye neendonga eziqhotyoshelweyo, ukhetho lokugqibela luya kufumana abantu abathandayo. Ukongezelela, ipenoblok, ngokubhekiselele kumakhasimende, inika inkululeko enkulu yokudala. Ngokuncediswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunengxaki yokwakha indlu yokuqala kunye neyokuhle ezophinda izithethe zaso nasiphi na isitayela.

Uninzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo ungabona iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezingaboni iso. Ikhonkrithi ye-Foam, ixabiso elikhankanywe ngasentla, linesicwangciso sombala esincinci. Oku kufuna ukugqitywa okongeziweyo kunye nokudibanisa nazo zonke iindidi zezixhobo, okwandisa iindleko. Emva koko, i-block ye-foam ayithandeki.

Isiphelo

Nangona kukho ukungalungi kwekhonkrithi, ayilahlekelwa ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathengi. Ukuba uzimisele kwakhona ukwakha indlu entsha, ngoko unokuqwalasela iimpawu zeselula.