Ivakalisi ku IsiNgesi. izibizo ezibhekise kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo

Ikwenza lonke ihlabathi wempahla kunye lokulinganisa? No. Noko ke, izileyi Andithethi ngani zefilosofi ezifana nothando okanye ulwalamano. Thina unomdla ivakalisi in IsiNgesi. Sihlalutya zonke bokuqonda ukusetyenziswa kwazo.

Ingcamango yokuba ivakalisi ezimbaxa

"Uthando" igama (uthando) kunye 'nobuhlobo "(ubuhlobo) iya kuba kwi sihloko kakhulu efanelekileyo. Akekho okanye omnye ayinakubalwa. Sinokuthi "nimthande", kodwa thina asikwazi "uthando abathathu". Nantso indlela bahlule phakathi izibizo ezibhekise kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo, inani lokuqala Ungahlala ukubala. Mhlawumbi nentsuba yamanzi, iibhotile ezimbini amanzi (ibhotile enye yamanzi, neentsuba zambini amanzi), kodwa 'amanzi kuphela' (amanzi omnye), "amanzi ezimbini" (amanzi ezimbini) okanye "amanzi ezintathu" (amanzi ezintathu) - ukuze abayi kuthi. Igama elithi "amanzi" - ezingabalekiyo.

Kutheni aqhelane kudidi izibizo zako? Nyhani akakwazi kakuhle ukusebenzisa la mazwi ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba akwazi ukumfumana? Enyanisweni, ngolwimi IsiNgesi kubalulekile, kuba phambi ivakalisi akuthethi ukusebenzisa inqaku elingenammiselo "a" (izibizo kunye bezikhamiso - an), kunye ezithile inqaku lisetyenziswa kuphela kwezinye iimeko.

Types ivakalisi ezimbaxa

Khumbula ukuba naziphi izibizo Russian nezingabalwayo kunokuba umfuziselo IsiNgesi, leyo akunjalo iziphumo akhawunti. Nangona mismatches abasakwazi inqabile. Enoba kunjalo, kufuneka ube ufifi lokuba yintoni amagama kunganxulunyaniswa mncinane abangabalekiyo ukuze usebenzise kakuhle kuzo amanqaku. Uluhlu ivakalisi kulwimi IsiNgesi zezi:

• izibizo abstract: ubuhle ubuhle - ubuhle, imvume - imvume;
• amagama izifo: umkhuhlane - influenza;
• sezulu: imvula - imvula;
• ukutya: sisi - samasi;
• impahla: ngamanzi - ngamanzi;
• Ezemidlalo kunye nemisebenzi: esitiyeni - egadini;
• izinto: izixhobo - izinto zokusebenza;
• iimpawu zejografi: i Mississippi - Mississippi;
• lwimi: German - German, Russian - Russian.

Njengoko kakuhle njenge inani generalising izibizo ezinjalo iinkcukacha - lwazi, imali - imali. Kwiimeko ezininzi, uyakwazi ndiyaqonda ukuba isibizo abangabalekiyo. Kodwa amanye amagama kungabangela iingxaki. Umzekelo, iinwele - iinwele. Abanye abafundi babe etyetyisiweyo, ababone kwimisebenzi a iinwele. Enyanisweni, iinwele kunye iinwele - la mazwi ezahlukeneyo. Eyokuqala ngokwenene ezingabalekiyo nezinto iguqulelwe njengoko iinwele, igama lowesibini "umnxeba close" kwaye zingasetyenziswa yesininzi. ILizwi cebiso nabo abamangali. Kuye akukho yesininzi, advices akakho. Kokuba eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "iBhunga", yaye "amacebo" kuxhomekeka meko. Isiqhamo lizwi "iziqhamo mnye" kunye "imifuno". Kunqabile ukufumana iziqhamo, kodwa unentsingiselo entle ngqo intsingiselo engumzekelo "isiqhamo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo."

Iimpawu ukusetyenziswa ivakalisi: izimelabizo, inqaku

Nge noun abangabalekiyo lisetyenziswa kuphela inqaku article. Umzekelo, iindaba - iindaba. Inqaku elingenammiselo "a" akazange abekwe phambi kwabo. Kwakhona, ezi izibizo musa ukuba izininzi. Abaninzi babo, njengoko kunjalo ke yesininzi: iindaba. Kodwa ukuze zisetyenziswe izimelabizo ubuninzi: ezinye (a isixa esithile), kancinane (kancinane), kakhulu (eninzi), kwakunye ne zokwalatha: oku (oku), ukuze (enye). Ngaphandle konke oku, kukho ezinye amagama ivakalisi in IsiNgesi axela ukuba ukuvumela kuthi: isilayi, isitya, ibhegi, ibhanki, iglasi, iithayile, ikomityi, isonka, isilayi, kunye nabanye.

Umzekelo, i bar isepha / itshokolethi / igolide - isiqwenga isepha / itshokolethi bullion / igolide, isitya zeziqhamo - isitya iziqhamo, ibhokisi yobisi - ibhokisi yobisi, itoti yebhiya - ungakwazi yebhiya, ikomityi yekofu - ikomityi yeti, isonka - isonka okanye ilofu yesonka.

ivakalisi ezimbaxa kunye ukubonakaliswa iqhekeza

A ukusetyenziswa umdla kakhulu igama elithi "iqhekeza" - isiziba. Idla sisetyenziswa kakhulu engalindelekanga ukuba amagama Russian abstract ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo, umzekelo, isiqwenga ngengcebiso, isiqwenga umculo, intwana lolwazi. Kakade ke, asizi kukucacisa la magama "iqhekeza ingcebiso", "iqhekeza umculo" okanye "iqhekeza ulwazi", nangona le yokugqibela zinyaniseke ngokufanayo. Kodwa ekubeni le ngobulungisa ibinzana isitali, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa iya kuba "cebiso" ezithile, "umculo", "umyalezo."

Ukutshatisa izibizo ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo izenzi

Yintoni isenzi ukusebenzisa ne ivakalisi: ngohlobo isinye okanye isininzi? Umzekelo, indlela athi "imali etafileni '? Imali kwi esifubeni okanye imali kwi esifubeni? Ilungelo lokuba ukhetho lokuqala. Kunye ivakalisi izenzi zisetyenziswa kuphela isinye. Umzekelo: i ubisi fresh - ubisi entsha, amanzi ashushu kakhulu - amanzi ashushu kakhulu. Kodwa xa kusetyenziswa amagama abangabancedani ukuba umlinganiselo ivakalisi ezimbaxa, izenzi kwisivumelwano ibisiya nabo. Umzekelo, iikhathuni ezimbini namasi phezu kwetafile - iipakethe ezimbini zobisi phezu kwetafile, iibhotile ezintathu kwamanzi efrijini - iibhotile ezintathu yamanzi efrijini.

ivakalisi ngolwimi IsiNgesi: iintlobo

Ngaba zonke izibizo engenakubalwa, yahlulwe yaba ngamaqela? E IsiNgesi, la maqela mabini, yaye, Isimanga ngokwaneleyo, bahlukene ngokwenani, isinye okanye yesininzi. Ukubandakanya izibizo ezininzi anesandi u--s, upelo neempawu. Ngokomzekelo, igama imidlalo (ibaleka), iithiyori zenzululwazi (Economics), amaqela kunye imibutho (yamaPolisa, i Andes). Phambi kwabo zisetyenziswa izimelabizo zokwalatha yesininzi abo okanye ezi. Phambi noun ezingabalekiyo isinye, kwaye uninzi lwabo; kulo mzekelo kusetyenziswa le nto, nalaa nto.

Ezibhekise kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo kwezibizo: imizekelo

Ukuze siqonde ngcono iimpawu zezi ntlobo izibizo, cinga iperi izibizo, enye yazo yinto ezibhekise enye - ezingabalekiyo. Of umdla ethile zezo kufuneka inguqulelo efanayo. Ngoko: ingoma - umculo (ingoma - umculo), nentsuba - iwayini (ibhotile - yewayini), ingxelo - ulwazi (umyalezo - lwazi), ikhabhathi - ifanitshala (kwikhabhinethi - ifenitshala), tip - iingcebiso (iingcebiso, iingcebiso - iingcebiso), umsebenzi - umsebenzi (umsebenzi, umsebenzi piece - umsebenzi), jorney - uhambo (Uhambo, ukuhamba - travel), umbono - intle (isishwankathelo uhlobo - uhlobo landscape). Igama elithi "iwotshi", nto leyo Russian isetyenziswa kuphela yesininzi, kwi IsiNgesi uya kuma kuphela ngo-nye. Nilindile lubiza kakhulu - Ezi iiwotshi ayabiza kakhulu. Nangona, xa kufikwa ezininzi iiyure, ngoko nathi sithi iiwotshi. imali iLizwi nako kunokubangela iingxaki. Emva Russian "imali" - ukuba isininzi. E IsiNgesi, imali ilizwi - oko kusoloko inani kuphela ngaphandle kokukhetha. Umzekelo, Imali hayi mna - imali - akukho kum. Imali phantsi komqamelo - Imali phantsi komqamelo. Ezinye izibizo umdla abangabalekiyo ku IsiNgesi: iposi (e-mail, oko kukuthi, iipasela kunye iileta), igalikhi (ikonofile), umonakalo (ububi, ububi, ilahleko, umonakalo), ekhaya (umsebenzi wesikolo wasekhaya), itshokhwe (itshokhwe), isiqulatho (umxholo, itekisi kunye nesiqulatho graphic yesiza), imali (imali), udumo (notoriety, udumo, popularity), inkunkuma (inkunkuma, ngeentsipho, iintsalela), innicence (ngobunyulu, umsulwa), ijeli (jam), abasebenzi (umsebenzi, umsebenzi ingakumbi emzimbeni) , imfuyo (iinkomo, izilwanyana ezihlala kule fama).

ivakalisi e IsiNgesi kunye possessives

Bunini ubonisa zokuphatha impahla. Ngokomzekelo, xa ibinzana elithi 'umsila lenja, "akucaci ngubani ekabani. Kodwa ukuba ukunika igama elithi "inja" ukwenza ityala bunini, oko kwangoko kucacile ukuba umsila bobabo inja, uze awunakho ukwenza ngolunye uhlobo. Imithetho emisela izibizo ezibhekise IsiNgesi ulula kwimeko bunini: udinga kuphela ukongeza nesiphelo 's "emva isakhi, ngumsila umzekelo lenja. Kodwa njani ukuba athi "ubushushu amanzi", "emininzi" okanye "iikhilogram ezimbalwa ice cream?" Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kwizibizo ezingaphiliyo akuvamanga ezisetyenziswa kwimeko bunini. Njengoko umthetho, sebenzisa isimelabizo "ka", umzekelo: ubunzima into - ubunzima lomba (njengoko sibona, ngolwimi IsiNgesi, igama elithi "iziyobisi" ayikho zingenakubaleka), iikhilogram ezimbalwa ice-cream - ice cream iikhilogram ezimbalwa. ukwakhiwa "isibizo + noun" lidla ngokusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ubushushu bamanzi - lobushushu Water.