Inland amanzi Eastern eSiberia. Imilambo, amachibi, Eastern eSiberia, ingakumbi uhlobo

ESiberia - indawo ekhethekileyo yendalo kunye enezityalo nezilwanyana emangalisa. iimpawu Geographic yale mimandla ibe umdla hayi kuphela izazinzulu neenjineli, kodwa abahambi eziqhelekileyo kunye nabantu ababathandayo yomhlaba kanye yonke ngokwahlukahlukana kwayo. Isiseko sophuhliso mimandla idla emanzini. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto intshayelelo kufuneka uqale kunye imithombo yamanzi. Ngoko ke, yintoni na amanzi ngaphakathi Eastern eSiberia, ukuba kuhle ukuba ukwazi? Makhe ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha imilambo, amachweba kunye elwandle kwingingqi, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana, kwakunye neempawu zawo kwendawo zemozulu.

nendawo

Ummandla lugubungela ngeekhilomitha kwezigidi ezisixhenxe square. Geography Eastern eSiberia kuquka indawo ezintabeni, ngokudala umsantsa phakathi Pacific kunye Arctic Ocean, ukuya Yenisei isitya. Xa iziko i Central Siberian Plateau. Ukongeza, kukho esesihlanjeni ezimbini. Lo North-Central eSiberia Yakutia. Iintaba zifumaneka izimvu kunye Yenisei Ridge.

Ubude kummandla ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ngumgama oziikhilomitha amawaka amathathu. Imida eMpuma eSiberia ibekwe eMongolia China. Ngasentla, kwindawo na Cape Chelyuskin. Uninzi intsimi yahlukile ngokwaneleyo isikhundla esiphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. River East eSiberia, uluhlu lwe inkulu eza kuxoxwa ngezantsi, aphezulu amanzi fast kwemisinga ezahlukeneyo, badla athunywe iintlambo ezinzulu.

ibekwe Archean-Proterozoic kwigumbi elingaphantsi, ebonakala phezu emazantsi-ntshona kunye lasentla, beze ezweni-based. Imihlaba ziquka zileyiti, amaqam, charnockites. Iimpawu ze-ziitectonic plates kule ndawo ukunika isiqabu hlukile izame. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba umbutho efanayo kumphezulu elifana neli phantsi emanzini Lake izimvu, ezantsi leyo isenza emaweni ububanzi.

Lena

Okokuqala ukuba ucacise enye imilambo emikhulu ehlabathini. Ubude bayo ngu ngamawaka amane anamakhulu mane khilomitha, indawo isitya - amakhulu amane anamanci asithoba ophosa square. indawo enkulu yayo ise kummandla Irkutsk kunye Yakutia. Istok ukwakweli kwamaxandeka i izimvu Mountains kwintaba ephakame phantse eziliwaka iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, kwaye ingena endaweni Lena kuLwandle Laptev. Uninzi indlela umfula ugeleza ngokusebenzisa ngamatye hlathi. Ebusika, ayaqina phantse ukuya ezantsi, kwaye ehlotyeni owomileyo lome ngokupheleleyo. Power inikwa yi imvula le Lena River kunye namachibi kummandla zamanzi. Kwezinye iindawo, ifikelela ubunzulu leemitha ezilishumi, ububanzi entilini ungaba kuze leekhilomitha ezingamashumi amathathu.

Shore nje azilingani - omnye kwithambeka ngobunono, ize eyesibini - ephakamileyo exandekeni. Uviko, nayo olunikezela izidlo Lena kumlambo Vitim Viluy, Aldan. Kufuphi Yakutsk umdla ukwakheka zendalo masimu isanti. Ngaphezu alikhulu elinamanci mahlanu yeekhilomitha ukusuka elwandle iqala ogudle, leyo yenye nje enkulu ehlabathini. indawo yayo ibandakanya amathathu amawaka ezikwere zeekhilomitha - isikali ochukumisa ngakumbi abakwazi ndoqhayisa nkqu umNayile. Xa ogudle kukho iziqithi ezininzi, wabumba ukusuka intlabathi bazisa ngaphezulu.

Lena wayedla ayivalele intwasahlobo, ingakumbi kwimimandla eliphezulu. Izikhukhula kungenzeka ehlotyeni, emva kweemvula ezinkulu. Ngamaxesha anjalo, ichibi wanda, kodwa akusoloko ekhuselekileyo kuhlala.

Yenisei

Siyaqhubeka ukuhlola amanzi angaphakathi eMpuma eSiberia. Yenisei yenye kwemilambo inkulu Russian Federation. Igama livela kwigama Evenk "Jonas", gama elo elithetha "amanzi enkulu". Umlambo i enza kakhulu.

Pool kakhulu ibekwe kwi Krasnoyarsk Territory. Efikelela ibekwe kummandla Mongolia. Ubude Yenisei River yi amawaka amathathu anamakhulu mane asibhozo anesixhenxe km. Pool kuchuma nemingenela ezininzi, inkoliso yabo - kodonga lasekunene. Ezi ziquka Tuba, Angara Kan Kureika, Stony ne Lower Tunguska, Hantayka. nemingenela Ekhohlo unguye Abakan, Sym, Kas Turuhan, Elohim. Ubude onomtsalane Yenisei River yaye sinika flow yonyaka umxhelo - oko ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe ezintandathu. Le swimming pool na ikhulu lamawaka amachibi, edume leyo Lake zamanzi. Ukongeza, kukho amadama eziliqela kunye namachibi ezimbini ezinkulu - Sayano-Shushenskaya kunye Krasnoyarsk. Nomfula, umfula ugeleza ukuya Yenisei Bay, lalo kuLwandle Kara.

ob

Eastern eSiberia inee- imilambo emikhulu. Umzekelo, OB - ezinkulu kuphela eRashiya kodwa kwilizwekazi yaseYurophu. It ukhandwa ekudibaneni Biya kunye Katun umlambo kunye aqukuqela ukuya kuLwandle Kara. Umlambo amawaka amathathu omathandathu anamanci mahlanu leekhilomitha. Ikhosi Top uye entilini ebanzi. It uncipha umlomo kuphela kwidolophu kameň-na-Obi. nemingenela eziphambili ziquka Tom, i Chulym, tym, Wah kunye Ket, Vasyugan, Irtysh kunye Big Yugan. Ukongeza, emdeni kwizixeko ezininzi ezinkulu unqumle umlambo OB. Barnaul, Salekhard, Surgut, naseNovosibirsk - kuma phezu kweendonga zayo zonke.

Xa sifika eliphezulu kubhaliwe ayivalele ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kuJuni, ngaphantsi kwamanzi lwenzeka ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya kuSeptemba. Ice ungakwazi ukusigqiba ukuya iintsuku ezimakhulu mabini anamanci mabini ngonyaka. Eselunxwemeni wayigubungela ngomthi, yaye ngokufuthi luphakanyisiwe, kwimimandla zodongwe oonokrwece efihliweyo kunye iifosili. Eziqhelekileyo ukutshintsha minyaka yonke kancinci inkangeleko yaso - i uhlamba zebhanki lasekhohlo kude, kunye nelungelo Wawuzalisa ngesanti daka. Ukongeza, onogumbe emthonjeni komlambo liphuma sasiziimitha ezine, nto leyo eyenza kube imida akwaziwa kakhulu.

phambene

Ubude umlambo Yenisei yayintle ngakumbi, kodwa ke phambene zibalulekile nazo. Lubonakala yi ubude kweekhilomitha ezingamawaka amabini amane anamanci mabini anesibhozo kunye ummandla km elinamanci amabini amathathu omnye amawaka isikwere. Umthombo ibekwe kwi xitsunga Uraltau. Lo mlambo noko nzulu - eliphezulu efikelela kuyo yaye kunqabile idlula ukujula sisiqingatha semitha. Urals anikwe Sakmara kunye Ilek, kwakunye imvula nawawokunyibilika ikhephu.

Umlambo uzele ziintlanzi ezahlukeneyo - apha ohamba ngokuloba ngenxa Intlanzi, Intlanzi, bream, zakhele, zeCARP, Pike, Roach, bream, Roach, neKubhi, IDE, gudgeon, bream, grayling. Phambene owayevunyelwe yasebusika - kwimimandla eliphezulu - ekuqaleni November, nangaphantsi - ekupheleni. Ungasuki ngumkhenkce ngu-Epreli.

Selenga

River East eSiberia, uluhlu leyo ifanelwe zokufunda, iquka lo omnye. Selenga River yeyona uviko inkulu of Lake izimvu kunye busuka Mongolia. Umthombo yayo yi ngxubevange Ider Gol kunye Delger-Mourin. Ngomhla ngemvelaphi lomlambo kukho hypothesis umdla. Ngokomzekelo, kanye phezu ixesha ukuba ihlanganiswe ne yokuma. Ngokutsho komnye mbono, Selenga waba isebe Lena. Imibono malunga ngemvelaphi igama nalo ezahlukeneyo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba "Selenga" kwi Evenki linxulunyaniswa elithi "intsimbi" - "Sele". Ngokutsho kwezinye izimvo, ke igama Buryat "Sal", nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kukho amanzi. Umlambo elinamanci asibhozo asixhenxe leekhilomitha.

Omlambo i-Selenga zezi Jida, Hillock, Uda, Chika, Temnik. In izimvu okubangwa ezimashumi kwiikhilomitha cubic metre yamanzi ngonyaka ngamnye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba isiqingatha kwesixa zizonke. Volume kuxhomekeke ixesha lonyaka - ngoJuni nangoJulayi Selenga kakhulu ngokupheleleyo-ukugeleza ngokuphawulekayo nzulu ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuMatshi. Emva kweemvula ezinkulu, nesitya umlambo kwaqhenqetha, umgangatho ukuze kwavusa iisentimitha mabini ngeyure nganye. Selenga kuzisa i izimvu ngamanzi nje kuphela, kodwa eziqinileyo uphinde - isanti, imali leyo ukufikelela ukuya kwiitoni emithathu enesiqingatha yezigidi ngonyaka ngamnye, eyonakalisayo ezantsi kwayo. Oluwe edikeni, umlambo wakha ogudle umxhelo, nto leyo kakhulu kweekhilomitha ezinikezelwa yi neetyuwa nesanti. Ngokwangaphandle, kubonakala ithafa afumileyo, lwahlulwe ndiyenze iziqithi ezincinane lamajelo kunye oxbows le Selenga. I-flow iphambili kule nxalenye lisiwa, ngendlela efanayo engaqhelekanga Selenga ezidityanisiweyo kunye zamanzi.

Ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe isikhululo enkulu amandla kagesi kwindawo Irkutsk Delta ndathintelwa izihlandlo ezininzi ngakumbi. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, le ndawo umi phandle ziintshukumo zenyikima - apha Iinyikima umthamo iingongoma ezilishumi. Delta zidweliswe yi UNESCO nje into eyodwa yendalo kunye nexabiso-langa, yinto kwindawo ekhuselweyo. On indawo yolondolozo, ulikhaya phantse ezingamakhulu amathathu iintlobo zeentaka, kunye asixhenxe kuzo zidweliswe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu. Ezi ziquka nendwe omnyama, njengeyona nesangxa, ukhwalimanzi emhlophe-ezinomsila and Asia. Xa ngasempumalanga ogudle na reserve lunamagama "Kabansky" wenza ukophula lweentlobo zezidalwa ezisemngciphekweni.

zamanzi

Ngokufundisisa amanzi angaphakathi eMpuma eSiberia asinakho, bayakhohlwa chibi. Lelona amatsha inkulu kulo lonke izwekazi, nesahlulo sesithathu zonke izidumbu amanzi. Fumana uphawu "ichibi. Izimvu "kwimephu kulula - kunye ubude neekhilomitha ngaphezu amathandathu, anamakhulu, ububanzi - asibhozo, ngoko qaphela le ngongoma kulula.

Ngomhla kweenxweme ichibi kwiinkulungwane Akumangalisi ezininzi umiwe ngabantu, kodwa uhlobo kunjalo kubonakala zasendle yaye kushunyayelwe, nokudala umoya ekhethekileyo yolondolozo lwendalo. Mhlawumbi oku kuba njengenye yeendawo kakhulu kwi planethi, amakishwe izikhokelo kunye uluhlu UNESCO.

On chibi siqithi Olkhon. Nose Oyingcwele peninsula okuphosela idike. Izimvu sinezigaba ezibini. Ubunzulu ubuninzi bamanzi ufikelela eziliwaka elinamakhulu amathathu, anamanci asixhenxe anababini eemitha. Ngaphezu koko, ezantsi somthi esibuyiselweyo kakhulu kabukhali ezahlukeneyo kumathambeka ngqo unxweme. E kufuphi nonxweme okanye ezimbini elitshisiweyo zamafu iqala. Isikakhulu emazantsi wambu inani elikhulu iinkuni, kwizikhondo kunye nemithi yonke ezazikayo.

Xa chibi likhulu eMpuma eSiberia amathathu, anamanci mathathu anesithandathu ngabafakwa uviko, awona abalulekileyo i Upper Angara kunye Tunguska. Izimvu eyaziwa amanzi ngaphaya kunye crystal. KuDisemba, chibi tyaba kwaye ice ungasuki ngoMeyi. Kwiinyanga zasebusika umkhenkce udlula ngqo indlela zorhwebo, ngoxa ehlotyeni apho Company ngenkuthalo wenziwe. Amanzi abandayo kakhulu - umoya uye kude umphezulu umaleko efudumeleyo esoloko kuxutywa ngamanzi anzongonzongo. Ukususela entlakohlaza kude Agasti kukho quba.

Uphando lwakutshanje luye lwabonisa ukuba chibi kumiwa hi ezahlukeneyo izilwanyana kunye ezingenamqolo, kwakunye inani onomtsalane iintlobo zeentlanzi. amanzi Amazing ukuba ihlala icace ngaphantsi umkhenkce, i njengebhakana, eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke - ukujonga kumphezulu olugqibeleleyo of Lake izimvu ityelelwa ngabantu abasuka kulo lonke ihlabathi. Noko ke, maxongo imeko bume kuloo mhlaba kungakhokelela yokuduka le nto - isiziba ilahlekelwa ubunyulu kwaye bangatshintsha kakhulu kwi eminyaka ezayo.

Taimyr

amanzi emhlabeni Eastern eSiberia kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, i ezaziwayo-kakuhle Lake Taimyr lelikhethekileyo ngokuba lelona lasemantla ehlabathini. Ayajika emlanjeni kwegama elifanayo - Taimyr. Eli chibi ibekwe kude ngaphezu Arctic Circle, kwindawo yomntla iba izidanga yesibanzi asixhenxe anesithandathu. Njengoko eminye imijelo yoMnayile Mpuma eSiberia, ichibi bubambene iinyanga ezininzi zonyaka. Thina ekude kufuphi nonxweme siqithi - ukuba imilo ezahlukeneyo setyhula, kumanxweme enamatye namawa, amanye ezihambayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Lake. Taimyr ibekwe kwindawo olwanikelwa kwaba kanye ngamazantsi olwandle. Oku kuchaphazela isiqabu kwimimandla yelo lizwe ichibi. Ufundo elunxwemeni kwaqhutywa kwi novalo zenkulungwane elinesibhozo - Sizibandakanye kule bahambi dumeke Laptev Chekin kunye Chelyuskin.

chibi Khantayskoye

Enye umzimba elikhulu yamanzi ibekwe emazantsi ye Taimyr Peninsula. Bendawo bathi ngendlela eyahlukileyo - Kutarmo. version of "Big Khantayskoye" yaziwa. Kufutshane ke kwilali igama elifanayo, leyo yasekwa kwiminyaka asibhozo eyadlulayo.

Le umzimba ngamanzi kucingwa ekhethekileyo ngenxa kangakanani - kungaba ukuya ku amane anamashumi amabini eemitha, yesibini kuphela kuLwandle lweCaspian kunye Lake zamanzi. Lake Khantayskoye zinabela asibhozo iikhilomitha elide mabini anantlanu ububanzi, ahlanganise indawo ezikwere zeekhilomitha asibhozo, anamanci mabini anababini. Le ichibi ibekwe kwi zomhlaba-glacial isitya, leyo ikwithafa Putorana esenzile nomphakamo amathandathu anesihlanu iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kunye echibini ekufuphi ekuthiwa Small Khantayskoye idibanisa ijelo. Le ndawo ibekwe ngaphezu Arctic Circle, ngoko ke imozulu eqhelekileyo ukuba le ngingqi, kakhulu ngokwaneleyo - apha ummandla permafrost, ngoko ke amanzi abandayo kakhulu Hantayskogo edikeni, yaye unyaka wonke.

ulwandle Kara

amanzi Domestic Eastern eSiberia elidityaniswe ngqo okugcina angaphandle. Ngoko ke, akukho ngozi iya kuphonononga mmandla kunye nolwandle. Umzekelo, Kara, nto leyo ifakiwe kwiqela Siberian Arctic. It ibhekisa kudidi lwezwekazi kweelwandle ebekiwe kanye buyeyona umda Eastern eSiberia kumantla mmandla. Ummandla ezikwere zeekhilomitha asibhozo, anamanci asibhozo-amathathu amawaka, okwenza ukuba enye kunayo. Umthamo wamanzi ifikelela asithoba anesibhozo amawaka cubic metres. Ubunzulu-avareji ilingana ilikhulu elinashumi-nye kunye ubuninzi - angamakhulu amathandathu eemitha. Amanzi Zininzi eziphantse, ezithi zibekwe ecaleni konxweme. Ngeentsuku ezibandayo, ulwandle phezu kwezinye iindawo apho kwezaqhwithi zomoya. Inkanyamba amabhere entshonalanga kumhlaba efudumeleyo air ubunzima, amaxesha amaninzi oko kunjalo ngoFebruwari. Kwandule ke ukubakho komnyaka, umoya kumo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngenyanga angasisichenge yi Julayi, xa amaqondo obushushu unako ukufikelela elunxwemeni dibanisa mabini degrees Celsius. I-Sea Kara kubaluleke kakhulu kangaka ukuba kummandla kuba abaninzi kuwela umlambo Mpuma eSiberia kuyo. Umzekelo, ukuba OB kunye Yenisei.

features zezulu

Sezulu e nawuphi na umda egqitywe kwindawo yayo wejografi. Imozulu yase Mpuma eSiberia, kude nakuLwandle lweAtlantiki ingabizwa yezwekazi. Oku kuthetha okuphawulekayo ukwahlukahlukana ubushushu yamaxesha onyaka, amafu amancinci imvula akuyi kuba nzima kakhulu. Ebusika imozulu umiselwa anticyclone Asia. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngexesha lasemini zingenzeka ukungalingani ngamandla obushushu. snow kwakhiwa, iqondo lobushushu nga kuwela thabatha mane, kunye misinga - phantsi thabatha zaba ngamashumi omathandathu. Kulo mzekelo ukufika ubunzima efudumeleyo kunokwandisa lobushushu ukuya ngomhla zero. iinkanyamba Summer evela entshona nokubonelela isixa ngayo imvula. Inani yonyaka kuzo isusela ukusuka milimitha ikhulu elinamanci mathathu ukuya kwenye amawaka.

Iimeko ezinqamlezeneyo ezahlukeneyo Central Siberian Plateau. Kummandla Yakutia luphawulwa wembalela, njengoko kummandla izimvu kufutshane iimeko elwandle, ngenxa yobukhulu enkulu kwedike. Ubuncinane kummandla imvula iwela ngoFebruwari noMatshi. Imozulu yase Mpuma eSiberia kudala iimeko ngokuba lingamahlathi aluhlaza kunawo intsimi, ngokunjalo linyathelo - waze izidanga amathandathu yobubanzi ngasentla. Imozulu ngqwabalala kwezi ndawo ezinikiweyo eSiberia indawo semfene kwimbali - nangona into yokuba izibonelelo zendalo sifunda ukuqhama yayintle, emigodini enzulu nengqele rhoqo wenza eli lizwe libe yindawo ekuthinjweni. Nanamhla oku, iindawo ezininzi kuhlala uninhabited womntu, ukulondoloza uhlobo ye kanye ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima zemozulu.

Biota

imithombo yendalo e Eastern eSiberia na enkulu kwaye zahlukene. Kulapha leyo kwimveliso main iinkuni. imithi le ngingqi zimelwe iintlobo ezifana pine, nomsedare, nemisipres, nespruce kunye larch. Ukongeza, empuma aseSiberia likhaya izilwanyana ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Enye iintlobo ibalulekileyo neprothini. Kwiintaba nendawo eyayihlala marmots, ena kunye abamnyama eliswenyiweyo. Emahlathini uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neempuku ngomthi Asia, voles eSiberia. Izilwanyana ukusuka kwiNcwadi Red ke beaver Tuvan yasekuhlaleni. Ngomhla kweenxweme Yenisei kumkhawulela nomatse Asian umhlaba elide-tailed. Kwiingingqi boreal izilwanyana ezinqabileyo engaqhelekanga kuthathwa ukuba lemming, aphile apho voles kunye nezinye iintlobo. Nasemalulwaneni thaca enxibe ileather jacket bat Daubenton kaThixo.

izinambuzane intwana phaya. izilwanyana ezincinane zinikwa shrews kunye neencanda Dahurian. E East Siberian hlathi kuhlala amabhere mdaka, amaxhama kunye ingqawa, iimpungutye, iimbila kunye ferrets. deer Common kunye Sable, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kukho nelinqa, eziphaphazelayo oonomatse, nembila nezikrekrethi. Diversity yokucula ezi zibonelelo zendalo Eastern eSiberia, inikeza imeko yayo kwimbali njengenye kwimimandla impahla eluhlaza.