Injini ye-Hydrogeni - ikamva leemoto zethu

Ingxaki yemithombo yamanzi yinto ebalulekileyo kunamhlanje, kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha kuya kuba kubi kakhulu. Iimveliso zepetroleum, phakathi kwazo i-petroli-enye yezona zinto zigqityiweyo, kungekhona nje ukunyuka kwintengo kunye nexesha eliqhelekileyo, kodwa nakwizithembiso eziza kusondela ukuba zibe yimpahla enqongophe kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba sele sele icacile: ikusasa lezinye iintlobo zamatye. Injini ye-Hydrojeni - le yindlela yokwazi ukuba isombulula iingxaki ezininzi zabaqhubi. Kwaye into eyona nto imnandi kukuba unokwenza udidi olunjalo, olwenza amandla kumatshini kumanzi, ngokwakho, njengoko bethetha!

Ngendlela, injini "emanzini", njengemimangaliso emininzi yenkqubela yezesayensi kunye nezobugcisa, yafika kuthi evela eNtshona. "IGesi eliBrown," yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrogen, ichithwe kwinkqubo ye-electrolysis. E-America, iminyaka emininzi ikhona kwaye ithengisa izitshixo ezisisiseko ezivumela umqhubi ukuba alondoloze malunga nama-50 ekhulwini. Kwaye abantu abayiqonda iteknoloji kwaye abayikulibala ikhosi yesikolo ye-physics kunye nekhemistri, baqokelela i-hydrogen generator ngezandla zabo.

Ukususela kwimfundiso yokuziqhelanisa

Ukufakwa kwesilingo se-hydrogen kubonakala ngathi. Ngaphantsi kwesigodlo semoto kufakwe isitya encinci ngamanzi - isitya okanye isitya. Eli gunya lidlala indima yama-hydrogen fuel cells. Amanzi aqhelekileyo, ukusuka kwipompo. Izaliswe i-teaspoon ye-catalyst, i-soda, kwaye i-plate iplates ye-stainless steel-pieces. Iifowuni zeplate zixhunyiwe kwibhetri. Xa ukutshabalala kuvuliwe, inkqubo yokusebenza kwamakhemikhali iqala, kwaye injini ye-hydrogen ivelisa igesi efanelekileyo. Ipayipi ene-hydrogen iphakanyiswe kwisiphathi emva kococa.

Njengoko nayiphi na iyunithi, injini yethu kubalulekile ukuyifaka yonke into ngokuchanekileyo nangokulandelelana okufanelekileyo. Xa iyunithi igqityiwe, i-oksijini kunye ne-hydrogen zikhishwe emanzini yi-electrolysis. Kukho ukusabela kokuhlukana kwamamolekyuli wamanzi abe yi-hydrogen kunye nee-athomu ze-oksijini. Umxube weegesi ngokudityaniswa kwintlobo yesondlo idibene kwi-tank yamatshini, apho idibanisa ne-petroli kwaye ifutha njengamafutha aqhelekileyo.

Iyintoni inzuzo ye-injini ye-hydrogen, ukuba i-petroli iyadingeka, ucela? Enkulu, nokuba ngaba imoto yakho ingaqhubeki kwi-hydrogen ecocekileyo. Ukucebisa i-petroli kunye ne-oksijeni kunye ne-hydrogen kunomdla ekuveliseni ukuveliswa kombane ogqityiweyo, odla ngezinye izikhathi ukuvelisa imveliso yenjini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngaphambili, malunga ne-100 km, umzekelo, wasebenzisa iilitha ezingama-5 zepetroliyo, ngoku zanele ngokwamakhilomitha ayi-130-150! Hayi okubi, ha

Naphezulu malunga neenzuzo

Ngesinye isikhathi abantu baphupha ukwenza imali emoyeni, "Akukho nto." Injini ye-hydrogen ivumela kwenye "into" - ukusuka emanzini - ukufumana amafutha. Iinjongo ze-hydrogen fuel:

• Ukuhambelana okuphezulu kwendalo. Iigesi zokuqhaqha ziyakwenza ingozi kwaye aziyi mngcipheko kwindalo, ngokungafani nemveliso yokukhupha i-petroli okanye ibenzi;
• Ukushisa komlilo we-hydrogen kubaluleke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-petroli-amashumi mabini anesibhozo amawaka angamakhulu asibhozo anamanci ama-kilocal kilogram;
• Umxube we-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini unamandla angakhuselekayo phantsi kolawulo lokushisa olubanzi. Ngoko ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umoya womoya ushushu okanye ubanda, imoto iyahamba ngokulinganayo;
• Ukusebenza kwi-hydrogen fuel, imoto ngokuqinisekileyo ayiyikukhupha, igcina i-stroke epholileyo, ngokunyanzeliswa ngaphakathi kwe-14,0;
• I-hydrodog fuel inokutsha kakhulu kwiimeko ezixubeneyo zokuxuba kunye nomoya. Ngako oko, kunokwenzeka ukulawula umgangatho womxube womoya-gesi owenziwe kwinjineli, ukutshintsha inani lemithombo edibeneyo enikwe (i-hydrogen ne-oxygen). Ukuba i-hydrogen (H2) isetyenziselwa, kunokwenzeka, ngenxa enkulu inxalenye, ukuba ingayiphumeli ukuhamba komoya kwisibilini, oko kwandisa ukwenziwa kweqondo lokushisa kwe-injini kwindlela yokulayisha.

Eminye imisebenzi kunye nethemba

Okwangoku, phantse zonke iimfuno zeemoto - i-BMW, i-Honda, i-Opel, i-Ford nabanye-zibandakanya ukuphuhliswa kweenjini ze-hydrogen zokuguqulwa ezahlukeneyo kunye nethuba lokuzifaka ekuveliseni i-batch kunye nokuguqulwa kokuhamba kwe-petroli ukuya kwi-fuel fuel. Imisebenzi yoyilo kunye nohlobo lobugcisa lulandelayo:

• Ukuba sithatha isiseko sejini injini, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa umthamo wokusebenza weesilinda;
• Injini kufuneka inikeze i-hydrogen ratio yoxinzelelo oluyimfuneko;
• Umxube we-Hydrogen-air ulala ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yokukhusela ngaphambi kwexesha le nkqubo, ngokukodwa ekuqwalaseleni ukuba kwenzeka ukutshisa okanye ukucima;
• Ukuthintela ukwakheka kwe-nitrogen oxides kumagesi okukhupha, xa umoya womoya usetyenziswa njenge-oxidant.

Le mi sebenzi neminye ikwiqanaba lesisombululo esinzulu, kwaye kwixesha elizayo iinqwelo zeemoto ziya kuqhutyelwa kwiinjini ze-hydrogen kungekhona kuphela ekhaya, kodwa nakwimveliso.