Indlela yokusebenzisa i oscilloscope? Indlela yokusebenzisa i oscilloscope digital ephathekayo?

Eli nqaku liza kuchaza nzulu ukusebenzisa oscilloscope ngayo, yintoni na kwaye yintoni injongo idingeka. Akukho yemigaqo ayikho ngaphandle lezixhobo okanye umthombo signal, yombane kunye nemisinga. Ukuba uceba ukuzibandakanya kuyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo (ingakumbi xa kuziwa kwi-high ubugcisa, umzekelo inverter unikezelo lwamandla), emva koko yenze into bekuya kuba yingxaki ngaphandle oscilloscope.

Yintoni i oscilloscope

Esi sisixhobo evumela ukuba 'abone' amandla, okanye mandithi, imilo yayo kangangexesha elithile. Ingasetyenziswa ukulinganisa ezininzi parameters - ombane, rhoqo, amandla ngoku, i-engile kweenguqu yesigaba. Kodwa ke inkalo olumnandi isixhobo sombane, ngoko ke into yokuba ikuvumela ukuba abangaboniyo ukuhlola imilo uphawu. Ngapha koko, kwiimeko ezininzi, ethetha into kanye eyenzekayo kwisekethe, apho nomlinganiselo.

Kwezinye iimeko, umzekelo, i-ombane ukuze kubandakanye nje kuphela rhoqo kodwa isakhi variable. Kunye nefomu yesibini ukuze ibe kude sinusoid efanelekileyo. Loo voltmeters umqondiso, umz, baqiqe iimpazamo ezinkulu. izixhobo isalathisi uya kukunika ixabiso enye, yedijithali - ezincinane kakhulu, kwaye DC voltmeter kwi - izihlandlo ezininzi ngakumbi. Walijonga ichanekileyo ifunyenwe ukuphumeza, ngoncedo lwe ochazwe kweli nqaku. Akukhathaliseki nokuba oscilloscope N3013 isetyenziswa (ukuba usebenzise indlela, kuxoxwa ngezantsi), okanye umfuziselo eyahlukileyo. Isikali efanayo.

Iimpawu device

Digital oscilloscopes abakwazi ukubonisa kuphela-time real amaza, kodwa ukugcina zonke iinkcukacha ezingafundwa kwiikhompyutha zobuqu. Ngokutsho amaza eboniswe kulo mzobo ngasentla, sinako ukuchaza iimpawu ezithile imiyalezo:

1. Character uphawu komthambo.
2. amaxabiso akhabanayo akunguye uphawu ozayo.
3. utshintsho olukhawulezayo kakhulu kwi-0 ukuya isininzi ubuninzi and vice.
4. Ubume Ububanzi ngaphezu ubude ikhefu kukuphinda ngaphezu kathathu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ne izifundo oscilloscope ezi Imiqondiso ngamaxesha. Oku ngazo kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

Njengoko esebenza

Heart of oscilloscopes - cathode ray ityhubhu. Kunokuthiwa lwepolitiki tube, ngoko ke, cleaner ngaphakathi. Ngelo cathode, ukukhutshwa electron kwenzeka. Nge ingqalelo inkqubo wavelisa kwenziwe la umqadi obhityileyo electron. Inxalenye engaphakathi ikhusi legqunyiwe ngomaleko efanayo phosphor. Oko phantsi isenzo uba electron. Xa sijonga ngaphandle kwekhusi, uyakwazi ukubona phakathi litshatshazi.

Le tube cathode-ray uye iipere ezimbini iipleyiti, nto leyo ikhokela umqadi electron kwelo cala. Ngaphezu koko, aphambuke wayo kwi (anikane) izalathiso nkqo. Ngamafutshane, kuvela ezimbini nokulawula iinkqubo. Ukuze bukela ombane kwi nefoni screen, kufuneka:

1. umqadi tye kukhatywa ukwenzela ukuba ixabiso offset kisekiyo ngqo ixesha.
2. Lo moya nkqo kuyimfuneko ukuba ixabiso ecaleni kwaba ngokomlinganiselo ombane bekuza isifundo.

scan

ombane kome kufuneka kunikwa kwabo nembasa, apho zicwangciswe-moya nkqo. It imilo sawtooth, ukukhula linearly kade, kwaye kukho ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Xa oku iziphumo ombane entle ukuba Iplanga baphambuke ukuya ekunene. A negative - yokuba oshukunyiswa nomqadi ukuya ekhohlo. Oku kunjalo ukuba mkhanyo lowo phambi kwekhusi, kwaye ungabona indlela umqadi eshukumayo ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. Velocity yayo rhoqo. Emva kokuba e umda ekunene, yena ngokukhawuleza uya yokuqala. Emva koko, lo isindululo uyaziphinda.

Eli nqaku liza kuba i-akhawunti kakhulu eneenkcukacha yokusebenzisa indlela oscilloscope. Le nkqubo ingentla yaye ubizwa ngokuba "Scan". line scan - umgca (ethe tye), umqadi uzotywe kwi PMFA. Xa imilinganiselo iyenziwa, ibizwa ngokuba umgca zero. Kubalulekile kwakhona ixesha axis kwigrafu. Lvul - namnye ngaphandle kumaza okwenzeka ubume uphindaphindo sawtooth. Ngexesha imilinganiselo, oko alisebenzi. Kubalulekile elinkeza imilinganiselo - ukuba isantya.

Indlela ukudibanisa i Import oscilloscope

umlinganiselo ombane kuyimfuneko kwiindawo ezimbini, ngoko igalelo oscilloscope - kwiitheminali ezimbini. Qaphela ukuba imisebenzi nganye iiclamps ezahlukeneyo:

1. Eyokuqala liqhagamshelene igalelo ngombhobho leyo deflects umqadi kwi-moya nkqo.
2. I-terminal yesibini - ucingo eqhelekileyo (emhlabeni, thabatha umzimba). Kungenxa yeziqu yombane ngqo ukusuka izindlu isixhobo.

Ngenxa yoko kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba kunye uncedo oscilloscope kulinganiswa kwisigaba ombane kunye ngokuphathelele emhlabeni. Kwaye kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi ngamagalelo - isigaba. Kwizixhobo wokwenziwa amazwe nokusebenzisa ixhokonxa design okhethekileyo. Bathi wire eqhelekileyo yenziwe njenge ikliphu-udidi "ingwenya". Isisombululo enengqondo, ekubeni le ucingo idla idityaniswe umzimba yenkcenkce isixhobo, apho enilinganisela. Kodwa ke isigaba lwenziwa ngokohlobo neenaliti. Ngalo ungakwazi ngokulula ukhangele kuyo nayiphi na indawo ingcingo eprintiweyo, nkqu yedwa emlenzeni isilawuli.

Indlela ukudibanisa i oscilloscope yasekhaya

ERashiya, imigangatho ezahlukeneyo, ngoko nezixhobo imveliso yasekhaya yinto eyahlukileyo. Iiplagi zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo of mm 4 ubukhulu. Kwaye ziyafana, kufuneka ukufumana ezinye iimpawu, kungekhona ukudida uqhagamshelwano:

1. terminal okugwenxa idla ubude enkulu.
2. umbala okanye emnyama ngebala uphawu ucingo osezantsi.
3. Kwi i plug yodongwe ASB iphawulwe "phantsi" okanye "wire eqhelekileyo".

Kodwa oku akusoloko kuhlangatyezwane, njengoko zisoloko zifakwa phantsi ukulungisa, ngexesha apho kwi kwicingo plug isethi ekhoyo. Kunye namathuba we-100% icaciswa, apho ucingo ngu zero, kunye - isigaba, enye indlela. Okokuqala bachukumise isandla elinye plug, ngoko - enye. Ke ukunyulwa komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni kwimodeli, nokuba S1-118A oscilloscope (indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezichazwe yi ngezantsi), okanye nayiphi na enye.

Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ndiya kusibamba isandla sakho yokukhokela ezingakhiyo, ungenza ubukele oxwesileyo umgca flat kwikhusi. Kwaye ukuba ukuchukumisa iingcingo kwisigaba kwi iliza egqwethekileyo sine kuvela kwikhusi kunye eninzi ingxolo. Wagcina ukubonakala ngenxa yokuba kukho capacitance abathile phakathi indlu iingcingo zombane kwi gumbi kunye emzimbeni wakho (isithuba kwi gumbi - yinto yokwambathisa).

amanyathelo anokuthathwa

Xa lesigaba kunye thabatha uzimisele, imilinganiselo mazenziwe. Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ungakwazi abangaboniyo angamisela Iyonke zoonke cingo kufuneka adityaniswe kwi amanqaku phakathi apho ombane kulinganiswa. Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi kwikhonkco ngayo ucingo eqhelekileyo, kusenokuba zingadityaniswa emhlabeni. walungisa Ngokufanayo kunye oscilloscope OMSH-2m. Indlela yokusebenzisa ngenxa nobungakanani umlinganiselo iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi. Kulo mzekelo, olu cingo umhlaba oscilloscope kufuneka adityaniswe kuyo.

Enyanisweni, lo oscilloscope - a voltmeter, nto leyo ebonisa igrafu ombane kwi lokuphumla elithile. Kodwa kukuvumela ukuba ubone kwaye enze umsinga wombane. Ukuze afeze oku, kufuneka ukuqhagamshela uxhathiso eyodwa ikhoyo ngoku wakuqonda. Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso layo kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-ukuvimba chain ngokwayo. Kulo mzekelo, i resistor akusayi kuchaphazela ukusebenza kumphathi wesekethe.

Ijelo ezimbini oscilloscope

Kwakhona ngokuba umqadi-mbini, it has feature - inokunikezela miyalezo-screen evela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo amabini ngaxeshanye. Kuye iindlela ezimbini, leyo achazwa Amanani baseRoma. Qaphela ukuba zombini amajelo thabatha ezinjengeetheminali kagesi uqhagamshele yezindlu. Ngoko ke, xa imilinganiselo musa ukuvumela uqhagamshelwano ezi kwiingcingo ukuya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kumphathi wesekethe. Nantsi indlela yokusebenzisa oscilloscope S1-68, umzekelo, ukulinganisa zangoku kwamandla ngaxeshanye.

Ukongeza, kukho umngcipheko okufumana ulwazi engalunganga, ngokuba le sekethe iyatshintsha kakhulu ngenxa yale circuit short. Ethile - akunakwenzeka ukuba sigcine yombane ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa akukho ebalulekileyo, ezesizwe esebenza omnye izibonda (ngokubanzi, negative terminal umbane) eqhagamshelwe izindlu, yaye oko kuqhelekile. Ngoko ke, kumetwa yombane ukuba wire eqhelekileyo kakhulu.

Ukuba nokwenzeka isixhobo isiteshi-amabini

Ukusebenzisa ezimbini-channel oscilloscope, ufumana ukulawula ombane kunye zangoku wesiphaluka ngelo xesha. Ngoko ke, ngokwenza le yimilinganiselo shift kwisigaba phakathi ombane kunye lwangoku ngaphandle kobunzima. Enye channel kufuneka umlinganiselo ngoku, kwaye yesibini - le ombane kwisekethe. Kuba umlinganiselo ngoku, njengoko ukhumbule, kufuneka sifake kwisikimu a resistor elithile ukuxhathisa ethile. Ngoko ukusebenzisa indlela S1-94 oscilloscope kunye noontanga kunzima kakhulu, kufuneka siqhubeke esandleni imizobo iintambo ekucetyiswa ukuba umlinganiselo i parameter.

Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo kuyilo oscilloscopes - nto a bit ingafanelekanga. Ngamanye amazwi, umjelo ungqamaniso lokuqala kubhetele kakhulu kwaye uzinzile ngaphezu yokugqibela. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshele iiterminal channel wokuqala wokulinganisa ombane, ingabi yeyangoku. Oku kuya kunika amaza umboniso ozinzileyo ngakumbi kwisixhobo screen. Ungaze ukudibanisa kwiitheminali thabatha ndlela ezimbini kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kumphathi wesekethe! Soloko ukudibanisa ndawonye.

izilawuli

Kwiqela lenjongo ngaphambili kukho iingalo eziliqela, eziyimfuneko ukuze ulungelelwaniso oluhle oscilloscope. potentiometers ezimbini - nolawulo lwamajelo 1 no 2. Kukho kwakhona ulawulo umsebenzi ungqamaniso, scan, kukho ithuba ukunyenyisa ugxininiso, ukukhanya, lelo. Ukuba ujonga kwekhusi, ungabona ukuba yahlulahlulwe yaba izikwere ezincinane - candelo. Kufuneka zisetyenziswe nomlinganiselo. Kuyinto kula izikwere kufanele alibophe isikali ngokuthe nkqo. iimpawu ezinjalo S1-67 oscilloscope. Indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana ukuba amaxabiso yemilinganiselo iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi.

Qaphela ukuba isikali tye ilinganiswa kwimizuzwana kwicandelo ngalinye. A nkqo - in volts kwicandelo ngalinye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le oscilloscope ezimalunga 6-10 izikwere kwi-moya othe tye kunye 4-8 - nkqo. On the centerlines iyasetyenziswa umngcipheko, Babelana kwilungu ngalinye ibe ngamaqela-10 (alinganayo) okanye 5. La maqela zingenziwa izibalo ngqo ngakumbi.

mode input

Igqiza ngaphambili uye utshintsho eyodwa ubeka ifowuni States ezahlukeneyo. Luchazwa ngu - umgca othe ngqo ukusuka phezulu, ngaphantsi oko -volnistaya. Xa kudluliselwe isikhundla eliphezulu ukuya kwigalelo inokufana variable, kunye ombane rhoqo. Login Open ithathwa ukuba DC. Xa ivuliwe kwindawo ephantsi kuvumelekile kubonelela igalelo AC ombane kuphela. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuphumeza imilinganiselo ombane encinane kakhulu AC (malunga ixabiso elikhulu kakhulu njalo). Kubalulekile ukuba imilinganiselo kwi zigaba umsindo.

Qaphela ukuba pretty elula - kufuneka ukudibanisa lo mshini ukuya capacitor igalelo. Kulo mzekelo, umnyango luvalwe. Qaphela ukuba le ndlela, imilinganiselo LF-iimpawu kunye rhoqo ngaphantsi kwe-5 Hz buthathaka. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba lungabaleka kuphela imo entry evulekileyo.

Xa iswitshi ukwimo ophakathi, isinxibelelanisi kobonelelo egunyeni igalelo, kwaye kukho kuyo ingumhlaba nandzu. Ngenxa oku kunokwenzeka ukucwangcisa kwemita yovavanyo. Ngoko ukusebenzisa indlela S1-49 oscilloscope kunye noontanga ngaphandle ulwazi ulawulo eziphambili akunakwenzeka, kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ngazo ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

Input channel oscilloscope

Igqiza ngaphambili unalo isikali-moya nkqo - kumiselwa ngokusebenzisa nobuzaza yolawulo channel apho umlinganiselo kwenzeka. Kuyenzeka ukutshintsha i isikali arhabaxa, kunye namanyathelo, kunye iswitshi. Yiyiphi imilinganiselo zingacwangciswa nge nayo, khangela umzimba ecaleni kwakhe. Ngomhla axis efanayo kunye iinqanam umkhethi yenzelwe hlengiso entle (nantsi ukusebenzisa indlela S1-73 oscilloscope kunye neemodeli efanayo).

Kwiqela lenjongo phambi uyakwazi ukufumana usiba kunye umfanekiso utolo kabini. Ukuba phendula, igrafu umjelo uqala ukuya nkqo (phezulu kwaye phantsi). Qaphela ukuba kufutshane le handle sele uphawu graphic ebonisa oko ulwalathiso kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha ukutshintsha ixabiso wokuphindaphinda kwindawo kwicala ezincinci okanye ezinkulu. Controls zombini amajelo ziyafana. Ukongeza, iqela ngaphambili iqulethe uhlengahlengiso umahluko namaqhina, ukukhanya, ungqamaniso. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba Digital Pocket Oscilloscope (ukuba usebenzise indlela ifowuni ephathwayo, sicinga) Kwakhona unalo izicwangciso iigrafu ukubonisa.

Indlela yokulinganisa

Uhlabela mgama echaza ukuba usebenzise indlela oscilloscope yedijithali okanye analog. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba bonke ayifumene engxakini. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya osemqoka omnye - yonke imilinganiselo yenziwa abangaboniyo, ngoko kukho umngcipheko wokuba loo mpazamo uza kuba phezulu. Kwakhona qaphela ukuba ombane yokuskena ilifa linearity ezincinane kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba impazamo womlinganiselo kwesigaba shift okanye ukwenzeka nama-5%. Ukunciphisa le iimpazamo, ukuba luyafuneka ukwenza imeko elula enye - igrafu kufuneka kungene malunga-90% yeskrini. Xa imilinganiselo kwenziwa rhoqo kunye ombane (ixesha ekhoyo) ukuba ulawula ulungiso inzuzo kwi umqondiso igalelo kunye nezinga engacimekiyo ebekwe kwindawo abaninzi bomtya. Kubalulekile ukuphawula phawu omnye; ngoko ukusebenzisa i oscilloscope yedijithali angaze a izixhobo lwabaqalayo, kunye CRT waphulukana ukufaneleka ngayo.

Indlela ukulinganisa ombane

Ukuze enze kumetwa ombane, sebenzisa amaxabiso e-moya nkqo. Okokuqala kufuneka enze enye yezi zenzo:

1. Dibanisa iiclamps ezimbini igalelo lwe oscilloscope kunye.
2. Guqulela igalelo mode switch, okuhambelana uqhagamshelwano lebala. Ke isilawuli, nto leyo eboniswa kufuphi utolo kabini-headed, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kumgca Uvavanyo ehambelana central (ethe tye) umgca kwi kwikhusi.

Ukuguqulela iyunithi kwimowudi womlinganiselo, kwaye isicelo umqondiso ngegalelo ekufuneka uphando. Ngelo xesha kuso nasiphi na isikhundla kubasebenzi kwisitupu imo ihleliwe. Apha ukusebenzisa indlela oscilloscope digital ephathekayo? ngakumbi kancinane nzima - kwezi zixhobo uhlengahlengiso kakhulu ngakumbi.

Ngenxa yoko, uyakwazi uzibonayo ekhusini ishedyuli ethile. Ukuze ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo ukuphakama emphinini ezakusetyenziswa umfanekiso utolo oxwesileyo kabini-intloko. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngongoma aphezulu igrafu esiwa kumgca nkqo kwiziko. Kuye iziqu, ngoko kulula kakhulu ukubala ombane ngempumelelo kwisekethe.

Indlela ukulinganisa frequency

Ukusebenzisa oscilloscope ungenza imilinganiselo ngamathuba xesha, ingakumbi, ixesha uphawu. siqonde ukuba nayiphi na sokuquqa Oluphawu kusoloko ngokomlinganiselo xesha. nesilinganiso Ixesha ingenziwa ngalo naluphi na domain amaza. Kodwa iluncedo ngakumbi yaye achaneke nangakumbi ukwenza yomlinganiselo kwi ezo ngongoma apho igrafu inqumla iasi enqamlezileyo. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale imilinganiselo Qiniseka ukusetha scan ecacileyo umgca oxwesileyo, ibekwe embindini. Ngoko ukusebenzisa indlela oscilloscope yedijithali eziphathwayo kulula kakhulu ngaphezu analog, elide idlulileyo kwaye akuvamanga isetyenziselwa nomlinganiselo.

Ngaphezu koko, esebenzisa emphinini, okhethwe tye utolo kabini-headed, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutyhalela ekuqaleni kwexesha kunye umgca leta esekhohlo yomsebenzi in the screen. Emva yokubala ixesha umqondiso kunokwenzeka, usebenzisa ifomula elula ukubala rhoqo. Ukuze benze oku, iyunithi bahlulwe ixesha ekuqaleni ubalwe. Yokulinganisa ukuchaneka kuyahluka. Ukuyandisa, kuyimfuneko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze wolule igrafu nkqo.

Nikelani ingqalelo ulawulo mnye: olwandayo njalo kunciphisa ixesha (ukusukela umyinge we-reverse). And vice versa - kunye ngokunciphisa ixesha kukunyuka rhoqo. Ixabiso elisezantsi yesiphoso - kuxa lingaphantsi kwe-1 ekhulwini. Kodwa ukuchaneka omkhulu onjalo zonke oscilloscope uyakwazi ukunika. Kuphela yedijithali, apho scan yomgama, ungakwazi ukufumana imilinganiselo oluchanileyo.

Njengoko kumiselwe yi kwisigaba shift

Kwaye ngoku malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa i-S1-112A oscilloscope sokulinganisa shift isigaba. Kodwa ukuba siqale - nokuzimisela. Inqanaba shift - luphawu ukubonisa zicwangciswe xa kuthelekiswa omnye ezinye iinkqubo ezimbini (vibrational) ixesha elithile ngayo. Ngaphezu koko, isikali ayikho imizuzwana, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kwexesha. Ngamanye amazwi, iyunithi yomlinganiselo - iyunithi yembombo. Ukuba imiyalezo abekwe ngokulinganayo ngokufanayo, nazo Isigaba shift uya kuba njalo. Ngaphezu koko, akukho nto ixhomekeke rhoqo kunye nexesha - kwisikali yokuveliswa iigrafu kwi tye (ixesha) axis ingaba na.

Ukuchaneka obukhulu baya kuba kwimeko kusolula ishedyuli for yonke ubude yekhusi. Xa oscilloscope grafu analog yomqondiso isiteshi nganye iya kuba nobumhlophe kunye nombala. Ukwahlula ezi iigrafu enye kwenye, kufuneka ukuba uyenze ukuze awo yayo nganye. Kwaye ombane oluthi lusetyenziswe kwijelo yokuqala, kubalulekile ukwenza ibenkulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku okuphindwe kungcono kakhulu ukuba ukubamba ungqamaniso kwemifanekiso kwikhusi. Nantsi indlela yokusebenzisa S1-112A oscilloscope. Ezinye izixhobo ziyahluka kancinane msebenzi.