Le wotshi kwiziphawuli igesi-nokukhutshwa. iiyure Scheme Iimpawu obhobhozayo

Ukusebenzisa iimpawu obhobhozayo ungenza ikloko umdla kakhulu Nixie Clock. Kulo mba, umntu kuvula a lot of amathuba. Schemes iiyure kusenokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise iintlobo. Ukongezelela, abantu yokudala sicinga ngendlela iiyure uyilo umdla.

Abanye bakholelwa ukuba izibane kwerhasi-ekubhobhozeni kuneengxaki ezininzi, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba kusetyenziswe betye ezijiko-jiko, kodwa oku elahlekisayo. Kwimeko yokuqala, umntu wamkela umbandela osebenza kumana kakhulu ebilayo. Nangona izibane ezibengezelayo ecima kunokuba ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo yingxaki enkulu.

izinto ezibalulekileyo Iimpawu kwiiyure

Ukuba ngaba awuwathathi thina ingqalelo kwisixhobo, kwaye ubonisa ngqo, isiqendwana iphambili chip. It ikuvumela ukuba ukubonisa oko izixhobo real time. Ukongezelela, imodeli iquka transistors kunye capacitors. Kaloku amandla unikezelo neebhetri zisetyenziswa ikakhulu. Abaguquli kunye inductors baxhotyiswa ayizizo zonke ikloko kwiziphawuli igesi-nokukhutshwa.

Indlela ukuba bahlanganise iwatshi kunye transistors SV303?

Ikloko transistors SV303 izikhombisi obhobhozayo ebekwe ibandakanya uhlobo vuvabyi. Into yokuqala efanele kuqwalaselwa kukuba cishe ke musa ukuba shushu ngexesha ukusetyenziswa. Xa sincokola ngayo izibane obhobhozayo, ukuba kubalulekile ukusebenzisa entsha, ukuphuma evenkileni. Kungenjalo, baya kukhonza iiyure ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ukubonisa amanani igama contact kakhulu kusetyenziswa.

Nj ezisetyenziswa ukulawula K15554 series, kwaye yeka kwiklasi ye-channel ezintathu, imveliso umbane ezimbini. Capacitors Phawula Indicators ngethuba bekhululwa ezisebenza kakhulu nge encinane umthamo. Kwezinye iimeko, inokufumaneka izixhobo ekwenzeni. Kule meko, i transistors umthwalo kunye retracts kakhulu. Njengoko umzimba kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa i ibhokisi eqhelekileyo.

izixhobo zokuqhuba kunye ekwenzeni

Ukuqhuba iiyure Iimpawu obhobhozayo kunye ekwenzeni qho mandatory kufuneka ibandakanye converters ukubetha. ukuba ziyimfuneko izixhobo ukuze udlulise umqondiso ovela nj. Capacitors ikloko standard circuit kukukhutshwa kwamandla izikhombisi kubandakanya ingabi ngaphezu kwama-50 PF. Transistors, nayo, iquka uhlobo vuvabyi.

Xa siqwalasela inkqubo kunye capacitors ezintathu, kwaye izigqibo kwi chip kufuneka kube kathathu. Ukucutha transistors ukumelana ezifunekayo ukumelana ohms 6. Ukuba sithethe umthwalo ngoku, ukuba ukubukela umlinganiselo 74 A akukhuthazwa kulo mzekelo ukusebenzisa imali kabini. Oku kungenxa yokuba umyinge wokuphelelwa ombane imveliso ukwandisa kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, loo mntu kuya kufuneka ukubeka iifyuzi.

Uyakulondoloza usebenzisa inductor

Le bomthwalo inductor ekwaziyo withstanding 5 A. unikezelo amandla ngenxa yawo kuyimfuneko kakhulu. Ngqo inkqubo yokuhlanganisela yenziwa ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Okokuqala wonke umsebenzi enxulumene capacitors. Kulo mzekelo zisetyenziswa kuphela uhlobo electrolytic. Kule yesibini inqanaba ezivulwa resistors pairwise. Iimpawu sokukhutshwa kule meko, kwa oku komelela lwangaphakathi zigcinwe ku ohms-50. Ukuze ukukhusela ifowuni, abaninzi bacetyiswa ukuba basebenzise inkqubo yokhuseleko ethintela iziphaluka ezimfutshane.

Iimfaniso rectifiers zalathisi IN-12B

Izalathisi ndiyenza IN-12B kunye rectifiers ukuvumela ukuba ugcine amaza wesiphaluka ngelo 60 Hz. Ngenxa yoku, i-ombane yemveliso ayidluli 15 ekwenzeni V. kwi iibhodi zidla kusetyenziswa uhlobo line. Ukukhuselwa ngokuchasene short-beesekethe kulo mzekelo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze transistors ekwaziyo withstanding uxhathiso olukhulu, sebenzisa nabo RR200 lokumakishela.

izinto eguquguqukayo kwiiyure, njengokuba umthetho, zisetyenziswa kunqabile. Ngqo kwibhodi lubekelwe iiyure K155 series. Le conductivity thermal kubo kakhulu okulungileyo, kwaye ngokubanzi zahluke njani umsebenzi oncomekayo. Converters sele zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunqabile. Le resistors lupholile, isimiso, musa mfuneko, yaye loo nto a plus. Ndiyenza izibonisi kule meko, ukugcina ukungawi ohms 50.

Ezahlukeneyo nemishini lobushushu

Ikloko zalathisi obhobhozayo kunye isivamvo lobushushu ivumela ukulawula izinto eziphambili wesekethe. Njengomgaqo, kwangaphambili Kunzima kakhulu ukubala umthwalo ubushushu phezu izihlangu elithile resistors. Ngenxa yoko, le fuse efakiweyo ayikwazi ukugcina meko. Kwakhona ngokuvusa lobushushu kwiiyure abachaphazelekayo abaguquli. Xa ezizisekondari ngokubhijela na ombane aphezulu, ingqibelelo kwaso sengozini.

Hours usebenzisa converters

Converters beeyure kakhulu basebenzisa ixhaphakileyo. Kulo mzekelo, zenza isixhobo hayi transformer efakiweyo. Noko ke, ububi kule meko nazo ziyafumaneka kwaye kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. I ethile lokuqala converters ezinkulu le ombane igalelo, nto leyo maxa wambi kuba ngaphezu kwe-16 V. wokuqhuba onke amanqanaba kule meko inzima kakhulu ngakumbi.

cathodes Ukutshintshela kunokuba egazini osezantsi. Ukusombulula zonke ezi ngxaki zinokuba encediswa microcontrollers. Iingcali ukucebisa ukusebenzisa kubo uthotho "Mega 8". Ukulungisa le wotshi iyakube kufuneka amaqhosha amathathu kuphela. Ezinye phambi kokuqala ibandla ubunzima ekukhetheni LED. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eyona ifanelekileyo ithathwa izinto kunye ebomvu. Khangela ekugqibeleni baya kuba kwigumbi nje emangalisayo. Kuba amanani izibane obhobhozayo igesi, njengokwamaxesha onke, sebenzisa abafowunelwa.

Inkqubo yokungena kwi izixhobo

iwotshi yekhompyutha umoya zinokuba nomahluko. Indlela elula isixhobo abasebenzi Ukupholisa ithathwa ngokuba umoya ngendalo imingxuma phezu kwezindlu. Ukuba ungenza, kuphuma kumacala amabini ngaxeshanye. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngaphezu bukela nje overheats lokuguqulela. Inoku engqondweni, xa kunokwenzeka ayikhuthazwa ukuvimba ikhadi lakhe. Xa siqwalasela umfuziselo kunye neeyunithi umbane 15 V, le zidlulisele lobushushu eliphezulu apho kuya kubakho malunga 40 degrees. Oku eqhelekileyo, kwaye akukho mfuneko ukuxhobisa iwotshi Nixie Clock kupholile.

iiyure Scheme ne generator zangaphakathi

Schemes ngenxa yokumpompoza zalathisi zangaphakathi umbane ezisebenzisa izibonelelo amandla 30 V. I lwangaphakathi uxhathiso ukunyuka kule ityala ohms-2. Layisha ezona transistors ngu 5 A. Ukukhetha le iwotshi ofuna ukuyisebenzisa microcontrollers. Ukuchaneka inkqubela yangoku kuxhomekeke kuphela zwi. Transistors eesekethe ukwenza izalathi ngokuqhelekileyo ukunika uhlobo vuvabyi.

abenzi Ubushushu abasakwazi inqabile. Isizathu kukuba le nkqubo ngokupheleleyo Awudingi i sombane ukuya secondary jiko. Ngenxa yoko, le conductivity thermal iphantsi kakhulu. keys Anode kuba amazibuko ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ngabo abafanelekileyo kuphela eziplangeni phezu izihlanganisi ezintathu. Microcontrollers Series "Mega 8" kule meko kuya kufaneleka. Kwibhodi firmware kufuna esweni eliphezulu zisembundwini wawo.

Ikloko capacitors PP22

Iimpawu iwotshi ukuze ifeze capacitors yolu hlobo angadlulisela umqondiso ngakumbi stably. esweni embundwini kule meko kakhulu eliphezulu. iiyure Resistors zisetyenziswa kuphela ne ukuvimba ephantsi kwe ohms-6. Le ombane Igalelo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-6 V. ulungelelwaniso maleko kwenzeka kuphela wayicima cathodes.

Converters for capacitors le hlobo zilungele zoluhlu "Welela Up". Ukongeza, ukhathalelo kufuneka kuthathwe ukukhusela inkqubo, ukunqanda kwisiphaluka elifutshane. capacitors Chip ukusetyenziswa kuphela kwiziphumo ezimbini. Kule meko amazibuko ibe ukuya ziingceba ezintlanu. Ekwenzeni ukuba capacitors ikakhulu abayisebenzise eklasini yomgama. Ukucutha le ombane kule igalelo kufuneka ubuncinane 5 V.

Ingaba kukho iwotshi kunye neetshiphusi ababini?

Ikloko Isalathisi obhobhozayo nge chips ezimbini ukuya kumhla kakhulu inqabile. Kuba iyimfuneko inkqubo sokuGcina ungqamaniso ngokukhawuleza. Kulo mzekelo, izibane switsha cathode zizinto nanoseconds. transistors Bipolar ayikwazi zingasetyenziswa iwashi enjalo. Inqanaba elincinane uxhathiso kulo mzekelo kufuneka zibekwe kwinqanaba ohms 50.

Kwelinye icala, transistors kufuneka ukumelana ombane kwi A. Converters iiyure ezingama-30, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuseta uhlobo ukubetha. Ngenxa yoko, isenza i ibekwindlela yokubini akakhawulezi. Ngqo amanqanaba imvume kwenzeka microcontroller. Ukulawula ombane kule lesixhobo kunokufikelelwa yi somfanekiso. Nakuba kunjalo, ubuncinane capacitance le capacitor kufuneka ibe 22 PF.

Models iifyuzi KA445

Ezi iifyuzi yohlobo zibhekisela electrolytically. Ukucutha umthamo abanazo kanye 10 PF. Ekuqaleni umxokelelwane, ukuba adla zibekwe phambi transistors. I-LED ewotshini kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise ekwiqondo eliphezulu. Kwi chip kufuneka zinikwe amazibuko ubuncinane ezithathu. Kule hlobo kumgama owazisayo Regulator soldered kuyimfuneko. Xa igalelo ombane aphezulu ubukhulu uncedo elikhulu ukumelana fuse.

Ukuba ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa ewotshini samaza, ungathatha nesiguquli zasesekondari jiko. Lifakwe phambi umbane. Iifyuzi, iingcali ukucebisa ukusebenzisa kuphela uhlobo fuse. Baya kuthatha ixesha elide ngeeyure. Phambi resistors zwi kubalulekile ukumisela umda ohms 33. Umbane kufuneka zenzelwe 15 V kunye rhoqo umda kwenkqubo Ziza kumana zisihla zinyuka 60 Hz.