Isilawuli zangoku izandla zenu, isicwangciso kunye myalelo. DC Regulator

Namhlanje, izixhobo ezininzi eMzantsi Afrika kunye nemigaqo ekhoyo. Ngaloo ndlela umsebenzisi uyakwazi ukulawula isixhobo amandla. Ezi zixhobo bakwazi ukusebenza uthungelwano yangoku bume rhoqo. Xa uyilo, i nabalawuli zahluke kakhulu. Kwiinxalenye eziyintloko lesixhobo kubizwa ngokuba thyristors.

Kwakhona ulawulo yesiko Izakhi resistors kunye capacitors. yokukhulisa Magnetic zisetyenziswa kuphela kwizixhobo aphezulu ombane. izixhobo uhlengahlengiso ngobuqhophololo olunikezwa modulator. Kaninzi zingafunyanwa ngokuniguqula nje nokulungalungiswa zabo. Ukongeza, inkqubo iye okucoca ukunceda uwugudise ingxolo kwisekethe. Ngenxa oku, imveliso ngoku a uzinze ngaphezu kwi ugwebu.

Scheme isilawuli elula

Ukuqhuba thyristors eqhelekileyo ngoku isilawuli ithathela ukusetyenziswa diode. Namhlanje, ukuba luphawulwa uzinzo kakhulu kwaye kuthatha iminyaka emininzi. Ngenxa yoko, i-analogue triode nga ndoqhayisa ngempumelelo yabo, nangona kunjalo, amandla azinayo. Kuba transistors emihle yangoku isiphumo uhlobo conductivity endle ziyasetyenziswa. zingasetyenziswa Nxiba kwiintlobo kwenkqubo.

Ukuze wenze umlawuli zangoku kwi 15V, uyakwazi ngokukhuselekileyo ukukhetha umfuziselo kunye KU202 zokumakisha. Feed reverse ombane kwenzeka ngenxa capacitors, apho zibekwa ekuqaleni kwikhonkco. Modulators kwi nabalawuli ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa uhlobo rotary. Xa kuyilo, abasakwazi ilula kwaye ivumela utshintsho kakuhle kakhulu kumphakamo wangoku. Ukuze uzinzise ombane ekupheleni umxokelelwane, amacebo ezizodwa ezisetyenziswayo. High-analogue ingafakwa kuphela uhlenga abangaphezu kwama-50 V. Ngenxa uphazamiso magnetic ukuba nobunzima kakhulu kakuhle, kwaye kukho umthwalo enkulu phezu thyristors musa ukumnika.

device DC

Umphathi wesekethe Umlawuli DC sele conductivity eliphezulu. Kulo mzekelo ilahleko wobushushu kwifowni sakugcina. Ukwenza umlawuli DC, kufuneka uhlobo thyristor diode. Imizwa kulo mzekelo uza kuba phezulu ngenxa okukhawulezayo inkqubo ukuguqulwa ombane. Le resistors kwisekethe kufuneka bakwazi ukumelana ukumelana ezona ohms 8. Kulo mzekelo, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni ubushushu ukulahlekelwa ubuncinane. Ekugqibeleni, lo modulator uya ngokukhawuleza shushu ngokugqithisileyo.

nucleoside Modern siyilwe lobushushu umda degrees 40, yaye oku kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. transistors isiphumo Field bayakwazi badlula ngoku kwisekethe kwicala elinye kuphela. Inoku engqondweni, ibekwe kwisixhobo ekufuneka ukuba thyristor. Ngenxa yoko, izinga ukumelana elibi ayikho ohms ngaphezulu kwe-8. High-frequency filter kwi umlawuli DC efakiweyo kakhulu ezinqabileyo.

model AC

AC Umlawuli ungachazwa ukuba thyristors iqeshe kuphela uhlobo triode. Ngenxa yoko, le transistors kusetyenziswa uhlobo lwefildi eqhelekileyo. Le capacitors kwi beesekethe zisetyenziswa kuphela sinjalo. Hlangana amacebo okucoca-high yokupasa iingcinga zabo olu hlobo kunokwenzeka, kodwa kunqabile. Iingxaki kunye lobushushu eliphezulu imifanekiso ukuba isonjululwe ngeendleko ukubetha Converter. Lifakwe kule nkqubo ngenxa modulator. amacebo elisezantsi lokuphumelela-zisetyenziswa nabalawuli ngamandla ku-5 V. Ulawulo cathode kwi izixhobo ikhutshwa phandle abathintela ombane igalelo.

network Ukuzinziswa DC kwenzeka kakuhle. Ukuze ukumelana imithwalo eziphakamileyo, isicelo zener umva kwezinye iimeko. Bona transistors ezidityanisiweyo usebenzisa umcephe wokunyusa. Kulo mzekelo, eli yangoku kufuneka ikwazi withstanding ezona nagruzkui 7 A. Umgangatho umda uxhathiso kwinkqubo mayingadluli ohms 9. Kulo mzekelo, sinako ithemba ukuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza.

Indlela yokwenza umlawuli ukuba ngentsimbi ngelotha?

Yenza somthetho yangoku ngezandla zabo ngenxa ngelotha kunokwenzeka, kusetyenziswa uhlobo thyristor triode. Ngaphezu zifuna transistors disorder lokucoca kutshaya. Capacitors kwi izixhobo ezisetyenziswa isixa ezimbonjeni kakhulu ezimbini. anode ukuhla yangoku kule meko kufuneka zenzeke ngokukhawuleza. Ukusombulula ingxaki kunye ezichaseneyo ezimbi, wabeka converters ukubetha.

Ngabo ilungele zinamandla sinusoidal. Ngqo ukulawula langoku kunokufikelelwa ngokuvula uhlobo isilawuli. Nangona kunjalo, le analogs push iqhosha-kananjalo ngexesha lethu. Ukukhusela ifowuni, umzimba usebenzisa ubushushu ezingatshiyo. converters Resonant imifanekiso ingafunyanwa nayo. zahluke xa kuthelekiswa kunye nabo eqhelekileyo, cheapness yayo. Xa kwiimalike zabo afunyanwa rhoqo kunye namanqaku RR200. Le conductivity olukhoyo kulo mzekelo uya kuba phantsi, kodwa electrode ulawulo kunye nemisebenzi kufuneka ukumelana.

Devices for kwitshaja

Ukwenza umlawuli yangoku ngenxa itshaja ibhetri, thyristors kufuneka uhlobo triode kuphela. Isixhobo kumise kule imeko kukuba ukulawula electrode kolawulo wesekethe. izixhobo FET zisetyenziswa kakhulu rhoqo. bomthwalo ngokuba ngabo 9 A. amacebo elisezantsi frequency-kuba nabalawuli ezinjalo musa ukungena ayintsokothanga. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba awo yengxolo magnetic kakhulu eliphezulu. Isisombululo elula, esebenzisa izihluzi resonant. Kulo mzekelo, i conductivity, abayi ningabaleli umqondiso. Ubushushu yokulahlela nabaqondisi kufuneka kwakhona ziyakungahoywa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe Triac izilawuli

nabalawuli Triac ngokuqhelekileyo isicelo izixhobo ukuba amandla ayidluli 15 V. Kulo mzekelo, baye bakwazi ukumelana umda lombane 14 A. Xa sithetha izixhobo zokukhanyisa, abakwazi ukuba isetyenziswe yonke. ke nayo ezifanelekileyo abaguquli ophezulu ombane. Noko ke, yahlukile kubo oonomathotholo ekwaziyo ezisebenza stably kwaye kungekho nayiphi na ingxaki.

Nabalawuli for umthwalo resistive

Driving isilawuli angoku umthwalo esebenzayo kufuna uhlobo thyristor ukusetyenziswa triode. Uphawu bayakwazi Kwathi kumacala omabini. Ukuncipha anode ngoku kwenzeka kwisekethe ngokunciphisa isixhobo frequency umda. Kwi-avareji, le parameter ngonyaka 5 Hz. ombane aphezulu e imveliso kufuneka abe 5 V. Ukulungiselela le njongo, le resistors iyasetyenziswa kuphela uhlobo entsimini. Ukongeza, sebenzisa of capacitors eqhelekileyo, eyona kwi-avareji ziyakwazi ukumelana ukungawi ohms 9.

Pulse zener enjalo ngaba ingaqhelekanga. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba awo ke amaza mkhulu kakhulu kwaye kufuneka ukujamelana nayo. Kungenjalo, ukwandisa lobushushu transistor ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuphuthiswa. Ukusombulula le ngxaki ziphosa zidlulisele ukubetha kusetyenziswa ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kule meko nazo kusetyenziswa iingcali eyenziwayo. Bona efakwe kwi nabaqondisi le FETs. Ngelo xesha linye udibane kunye capacitors akufanele.

Indlela ukwenza imodeli kolawulo isigaba?

Yenza Isigaba isilawuli zangoku izandla zakho, ungasebenzisa i KU202 thyristor lokumakishela. Xa kunjalo, nangoncedo ombane umda uya kubanjwa kakuhle. Ukongeza, ukhathalelo kufuneka kuthathwe ukunciphisa ubukho ukuvimba capacitor ngaphezu ohms-8. Intlawulo yale mzekelo ingahoywa PP12. I electrode isango kule meko zinika conductivity elungileyo. Converters Ukutshintshela kwi nabaqondisi yolu hlobo zinqabile. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-avareji kwinqanaba frequency kwinkqubo kunene 4 Hz.

Ngenxa yoko, le thyristor udla ngokuba kukuxabana ngamandla, nto leyo evusa ukwanda yenkcaso ezimbi. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, ezinye zibonisa usebenzisa converters push-ezotyhalo. yakhelwe phezu ombane zocaphulo umsebenzi wabo. Owenza ngokuzimeleyo uhlobo somlawuli ngoku kunzima ekhaya. Njengomgaqo, yonke into ixhomekeke samaza wophendlo oyifunayo.

Izixhobo ukubetha isilawuli

Ukwenza isenza i alawulayo lwangoku, uhlobo thyristor triode efunekayo. Le ombane ulawulo kwenza ngesantya esikhulu. Iingxaki kunye reverse isixhobo ukuqhutywa ayaphunyezwa uhlobo transistor vuvabyi. Capacitors ezifakwe kwinkqubo kuphela ngendlela pair. Ukunciphisa anode yangoku kwisekethe ithatha indawo ngokuguqula indawo thyristor.

Isixhobo kumise kolu hlobo nabalawuli umiselwe resistors. Ukuze uzinzise okucoca umda frequency zingasetyenziswa ezahlukahlukeneyo. Kamva, ukumelana ezingentle umlawuli mayingagqithi ohms 9. Kulo mzekelo, iya ukumelana umthwalo elikhulu ngoku.

Onobuhle isiqalo kakuhle

Ukuze bayile thyristor amandla umlawuli kunye ekuqaleni ethambileyo, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo le modulator. Ethandwa kakhulu uthathwa kuyidibanisa betye namhlanje. Noko ke, ngasinye zahluke kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, oku kuxhomekeke ebhodini, esetyenziswa kwifowni.

Ukuba sithethe ukuguqulwa uthotho CG, besebenza nabaqondisi ezilula. Kakhulu kwe robust, bona musa ukuma kwaye ezinye glitche ukunikeza. Kungenjalo, le meko kunye nabalawuli ngenxa abaguquli. Apho, njengokuba umthetho, uguqulelo digital iyasetyenziswa. Ngenxa yoko, izinga umqondiso ubugqwetha liyehla kakhulu.