Indlela ukutyala imbewu kajongilanga kwindawo evulekileyo, kwaleya? Indlela ukulima oojongilanga zokuhomba?

Indlela ukulima oojongilanga? Mhlawumbi, becinga le nkqubo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kukho umntu kumhlaba kwaye ayichithachithe imbewu. Kodwa izinto azikho ezilula kunjalo, nangona inkcubeko nabalulamileyo kakhulu, yaye abaninzi Ndibakhangele aba zityalo kwi roadsides (ekunokwenzeka, imbewu uwile ilori buyadlula, kwaye yahluma). Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi lokulima ngendlela oojongilanga ekusebenziseni izithole okanye endle, eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

jongilanga

Oojongilanga ibiselityatyambile kakhulu kwaye enemibala ukususela kuJulayi ukuya kuSeptemba. Kuyinto isityalo ngonyaka onokususa intyatyambo ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha ezintathu. Nangona kukho iintlobo zokuhambisa amanzi onokuthi ezityalwe ngokwahlula ityholo ekwindla okanye yasentwasahlobo.

sisityalo ezweni - North America. Akhule kuyo ikakhulu ngenxa kwimveliso ye-oyile. Kukholelwa ukuba le yenye izityalo yokuqala ezifuywayo, eziye belima abantu. Kukholelwa ukuba jongilanga yayisaziwa ngokuba inkcubeko ekhaya phambi ingqolowa. Okwangoku, kukho malunga 90 eentlobo zayo (annuals kunye Perennials).

nokulungiselela imbewu

Ukuba kukho umbuzo malunga lokulima ngendlela oojongilanga, ngoko simele siqale unonophelo ukulungiswa kunye nokukhethwa yembewu esiXhoseni. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuba kukhule izityalo ngokukodwa ukuvelisa imbewu - nencasa "yokuzonwabisa" kuwo onke amalungu entsapho.

Okokuqala, ekulinganisweni yenziwa imbewu ngokucokisekileyo. Kufuneka efanayo ubungakanani, full-eyomeleleyo, zingeke zonakale.

Inqanaba elilandelayo - ukunxiba imbewu. begadi abanamava bacebisa ukusetyenziswa ubume ezinjalo: mince ikonofile, itswele ugalelwe ese exolweni (kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ngokulinganayo), waza wagalela amanzi abilayo. iilitha ezimbini zamanzi uthathe 100 grams begalikhi. Lo mxube iye ifakwe iintsuku, abahluza nge cheesecloth.

Phambi kokutyala imbewu tixi ngobusuku. Olu nyango elula zinezibonelelo yayo: okokuqala, oko imvelo, "bubuhlungu", yaye okwesibini, ivumba elibukhali eyenza izitshabalalisi kunye iimpuku ukutya imbewu. ukhuselo eyongezelelweyo evela iintaka zibe kwenziwa ngaphezu komhlaba imisonto ezimhlophe.

Ukukhetha indawo

UJongilanga sithathe indawo evulekileyo. Kufuneka bonisa umhla isikhanyiso kwiiyure ezi-68 ngosuku. Noko ke, izityalo kufuneka ukukhuselwa umoya. Indlela ukulima oojongilanga? Phantsi iindonga zezakhiwo okanye ecaleni kocingo - yaziwa balimi ezininzi. Oku usombulula iingxaki ezimbini kwaoko: Izakhiwo ukukhusela izityalo umoya, oojongilanga inkqu yazo kakuhle zinokuhonjiswa. Abakwazi uvale ucingo entle kakhulu okanye ishedi ophansi izixhobo.

Umhlaba kufuneka wakhawula, kunokwenzeka okubhalwe avareji zodaka. On afumileyo, ezinetyuwa, umhlaba asidi ukukhula oojongilanga nakanye. Ukhetho best - umhlaba omnyama, nezompleyini nemihlaba nehlathi gray. Le aziwa lwenkcubeko ayikwazi kuba iimbotyi, iitumato kunye sugar beet. Emva kwabo, umhlaba uhlala initrogen eninzi kunene. Kubhetele ukuba ahlwayele jongilanga kwisayithi emva kokuba izityalo.

Ukukhulisa thombo

Cinga ukulima ngendlela izithole ujongilanga. kwiintsuku 25 phambi kokwehla okulindelekileyo izithole kwindawo evulekileyo kwindawo iikomityi okanye ngeembiza ezincinane bahlwayelweyo imbewu. Ingaya iikomityi zephepha okanye iimbiza afanayo. Kuba izithole ezikumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka elininzi ukukhanya. Emva koko ke iziqu eluhlaza ngokuqinileyo (hayi incothulwe).

Imbewu kufuneka wankcenkcesha, ukugcina ukufuma komhlaba. Isibini leeveki kuvela amahlumelo kuqala. izithole Khula Etyelwe kwindawo evulekileyo, kulandelwe inkqubo kokwehla kwibakala elihambelanayo.

indlela kwezithole olubalulekileyo kodwa zonke iintlobo zeenkcubeko, kodwa kuphela inkqubo ingcambu owomeleleyo ukuba ngokulula ukumelana ukufakelwa.

Ayihlwayelayo umntu emhlabeni

Phambi kokutyala imbewu kajongilanga kwindawo evulekileyo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba esotha kakuhle. Iqondo lobushushu inokuba ngezantsi ⁰ 8-12 C kubunzulu-10 cm. Ixesha lokutyala elimiselwe ngulo parameter kwaye zisenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku ekuqaleni okanye phakathi kaMeyi.

Iqondo elilelona ukuba imbewu - degrees 10-12. Yankee angavela zingadlulanga iintsuku ezili-15 emva kokuba kutyalwe. A iqondo elisezantsi (6-8 degrees) ziya kulibazisa ukuntshula, ukuba sikhule ngosuku 20 okanye kamva. Culture ngokulula amele yingqele ku -5 ⁰ C, akunyanzelekanga ukuba yokunkcenkceshela enkulu.

Isithethe kuxhomekeke kubungakanani, indlela ukutyala imbewu kajongilanga emhlabeni. izityalo ezincinane zokuhomba ityalwe phantsi scheme 30x50, ezinkulu - sitampu:. 75x90, likhulu kakhulu - 90x120 ubunzulu cm ekungabonini ukusuka-5 cm ukuya kwi-10 cm kwiindawo ezisemantla, oko kuchaphazela ukhetho kwezityalo. Njengoko ulahle kakuhle 2-3 imbewu, afefe emhlabeni, amanzi kwaye kwenziwe phantsi.

zityalo zokuhombisa

Ngoko ukulima njani jongilanga zokuhomba kulula kakhulu kunesiqhelo, uba nezidanga iibhedi iintyatyambo ezininzi kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezisezidolophini. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ukutyala izithole, musa kufuneka asebenzise iindlela ukukhawulezisa ukuntshula kwembewu, ukusetyenzwa izinambuzane. Lo msebenzi ukufumana intyatyambo entle, kwaye akukho isivuno esihle.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo amabakala, ubuhle babo, ruggedness kulinywe ukwenza 'intyatyambo ilanga "welcome kuyo nayiphi na isiqwenga somhlaba. Lungisa ityholo a lot of iintyatyambo zodidi bahombise zonke cottage okanye kwilizwe indlu. It ngokukhuselekileyo ityaliwe band ntlobo jongilanga eziliqela (cross-uvuvuzelo ayikho buhlungu) ecaleni kocingo okanye eludongeni ngeenxa zonke izakhiwo efama.

Tips balimi

Nini, phi, ukuba ndilutyale njani oojongilanga, umlimi ngamnye ukuba isigqibo. A iingcebiso ezimbalwa:

• Ekhethwe imbewu lokulima. It is a culture of iLayibhrari yaMaxwebhu, ngoko sebenzisa i imbewu ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo ezilinywa kwindawo ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini, ayikhuthazwa. Iya kuba kakhulu ezingenanto okanye iingobozi iziqhamo encinane.

• I-mkhulu umgama phakathi kwezityalo, imbewu iya kuba ezinkulu. Oku kuyinyaniso ingakumbi izityalo ezinkulu.
• izithuba ezinkulu phakathi imbewu yokutyala izithole kukuxelela ukuba yayonakaliswe kweempuku okanye kudliwa ziintaka. Reseeding kunokubangela izivuno ezisezantsi.
• Ukuqinisekisa lwabahlali ukuntshula, olwenziwe ezinye uqeqesho. Bona nkxu emanzini, isongiwe kwi igozi okanye ilaphu kubushushu 20 ⁰ C. Kamsinya nje ihlume yokuqala (idla 2-3 iintsuku), ukuba ityalwe emhlabeni.
• UJongilanga ekhula kakuhle beetroot neetapile neenkampani. lihlwayelwa khona kwakhe phakathi kwemiqolo zemifuno.
• Asinto eziyimfuneko ukuze babe nokulima inkcubeko kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama emithathu ilandelelana kwindawo enye. Izityalo ngokoqobo besanya izondlo ukusuka emhlabeni. Sekhefu ukuvumela ukuba ukuphumla ilizwe kukuphelisa izinambuzane.
• UJongilanga fanele ukuba izityalo ukukhanya-onothando. Yasityala uqweqwe ngeke - na iingobozi zincinci.
• Ukhetho imbewu umgangatho, indlela elula. Kwi-5% imbewu saline efanelekileyo ukutyala, emva kwemizuzu emi-5-10 kuya ezantsi, kwaye kufuneka ekhethiweyo.

Iipropati Iluncedo sembewu

Ukubukela njengoko oojongilanga ndatyala phantse kuyo yonke indawo, bengaqondanga ebuza ukuba luncedo le nkcubeko.

Izazinzulu ziye bafunda elide imbewu, kwaye zichanekile - achenes (ekuthiwa-iziqhamo zikajongilanga) kwaye ichonge iimpawu zayo. Bafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa imbewu:

• It ithintela uphuhliso yamafutha;
• Sisebenza njengesithintelo kuphuhliso umhlaza;
• kuphucula intliziyo;
• Kuyanceda ukuphucula imeko iinwele, ulusu kunye nezikhonkwane;
• Inika umzimba kunye nezinto eziluncedo, kuba iqulathe calcium, phosphorus, potassium, nemagnesium, intsimbi, iivithamini A, B, E;
• Oku kuthintela kwesikhumba kumzimba.

imbewu ngokucofa - - Umsebenzi nabalulamileyo ngokwayo uba ukuziphazamisa emnandi ephuma iingcamango ebuhlungu isenzo. abatshayayo abaninzi usebenzisa iimbewu ukulahla nalo mkhwa. Ukutya okunesondlo ephakamileyo babe ngokukhawuleza nangokulula anelise iphango lakhe.