Imisebenzi Water kwiseli. Ipesenti Umxholo H2O emzimbeni womntu

Water - into eyahlukileyo. It isasazeka kuyo yonke iplanethi yethu. Zama ukuba nomfanekiso bekuya kuba yintoni ebomini bethu ngaphandle molecule H2O? Ewe, kwaye bamele nto - ubomi emhlabeni yethu ayisekho. Le ndoda-70% yamanzi. Kwencinane umzimba, kokukhona oku iqulathe, kodwa ubudala, eli nani kunciphisa. Umzekelo, thatha umntwana - isiqulatho ipesenti kuyo yi-90% H2O.

Kweli nqaku, sicebisa ukuba ukhethe yonke imisebenzi yamanzi esiseleni uze uhlolisise zonke iinkcukacha. Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba Ifumaneka ngeendlela ezimbini: simahla wabopha. Siza kujamelana le kamva.

amanzi

Ngasinye yena uyazi ukuba amanzi idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kunoko, indima ephambili kubomi bethu. Ngaphandle kwalo, iplanethi yethu ibiya kuba ifile, intlango abaphili. Izazinzulu unanamhla basafunda amanzi kunye nendima yayo emzimbeni womntu.

Sele ethetha into yokuba amanzi afumaneka kwiiseli zethu ifomu okhululekileyo bambopha. Okokuqala isebenza ukusasaza izinto - ukutshintshela kulo seli nangaphandle kuyo. Yaye ngasekupheleni lathi:

• phakathi imicu;
• ingaphandle;
• iimolekyuli protein;
• izakhiwo cellular.

Kunye namanzi asimahla ebotshiwe iseli kufuneka ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile, nto leyo eza kuxoxwa kamva. Kwaye ngoku - amagama ambalwa ngendlela wahlela i-H2O molecule.

molecule

Okokuqala, siya ukubonisa ifomula beemolekyuli amanzi: H2O. Le into eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwi planethi, kwaye umele ukhumbule, ngokuba ifomula beemolekyuli amanzi kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchule. Oku, ngokuzenzekelayo, afumaneka kuzo zonke imizimba yabantu nkqu izinyo lwawo kunye namathambo, Noko ke, apho ipesenti encinane kakhulu - 10% ne-20%, ngokulandelelana.

Njengokuba besesitshilo, kunokuba umzimba omncinane, amanzi kuyo kwakhona. Izazinzulu ziye zacebisa ukuba sikhula ngenxa yokuba kwiproteni akakwazi sokuwubopha isixa esikhulu samanzi. Kodwa oku, nangona kunjalo, yeyona kuphela hypothesis.

imisebenzi

Ngoku khetha imisebenzi yamanzi esiseleni, ngakumbi kubo ngakumbi ecacileyo esuka kuluhlu zilandelayo:

• H2O inokufana kuphela, njengoko reactions phantse yonke kwemichiza - ion - kwaye kwenzeka emanzini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho into esibamba (ezinyibilikayo, umzekelo utywala, iswekile, acid kunye njalo njalo), kodwa kukho kwakhona hydrophobic (okunamafutha acid, neselulosi kunye nabanye).
• Amanzi inokufana arhente.
• Umsebenzi wokufumana izithuthi, ulawulo lobushushu kunye nokusebenza noshowo.

Sinikezela ngamnye kubo ziqwalaselwe zodwa. Masiye ukuze, kuqala kuluhlu lwethu - oko ngumsebenzi isinyibilikisi.

nazinkinga

imisebenzi Water esiseleni baninzi, kodwa enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo - kukuba ukuncedisa ngethuba leentsuku ezininzi ngayo. H2O molecule inokufana kuphela. Phantse zonke abasabela kwisisele - lo ion, oko kukuthi, i-bume apho ukuze ithathe indawo - kuba amanzi.

reagent

Le misebenzi ilandelayo amanzi iseli - iyinxenye yayo imichiza rekatsiyah ezenzeka emzimbeni nje reagent. Ezi ziquka:

• haydrolisis;
• polymerization;
• photosynthesis, njalo-njalo.

Ngoku kancinci into arhente. Xa chemistry, iyeza elo wabelithiyiwe inxaxheba kwezinye ekudibaneni kwemichiza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - le nto ke nangona inxaxheba, kodwa ke into unyango kule meko ayikho. Wezenzi elabhoratri (in a kodwa ibizwa ngokuba wezenzi ezahlukeneyo) - yinto eqhelekileyo.

Amanzi reactant inxaxheba kumalungiselelo kwezinye izinto kufuneka umzimba.

umsebenzi izithuthi

Kutheni ubomi? Imizimba yethu ikhona Bulelani kuphela into yokuba iiseli usaphila, apho yakhiwa. Kwaye kufuneka kubulela isakhiwo ezizodwa ezinye iimpawu kwemolekyuli H2O. Sele wakhankanya ukuba amanzi - kuba yinxalenye yomzimba wethu, yaye zonke iseli iqulathe ezi molekyuli ezizodwa, ngakumbi, kwindawo yokuqala kumafa yayo.

Ukuthuthwa kwamanzi umsebenzi iseli - yenye injongo H2O emzimbeni wethu. Amanzi inomsebenzisi - i siqonde isithuba extracellular, enkosi izondlo ukungena kwiseli.

Enye kukuba ukwazi ukuba igazi kunye nkovu siqulethe amanzi, kunye nokungabikho oko kukhokelela kwezinye iziphumo: legazi okanye thrombosis.

thermotaxis

Yintoni na imisebenzi yamanzi esiseleni, Asizanga okwangoku kulunga? Kakade ke, thermoregulation. Sathi ukuba amanzi iyakwazi ukufunxa ubushushu nokugcina nto ixesha elide. Ngenxa yoko, H2O unako ukukhusela iseli ukusuka nobushushu okanye undercooling. umsebenzi thermoregulatory akufuneki kuphela iiseli enye, kodwa ngenxa yonke eziphilayo.

umsebenzi structure

Yintoni na imisebenzi yamanzi esiseleni, siye sele zichaziwe, kuhlala ukuhlolisisa kodwa enye injongo - kukho ukugcinwa kobume cell.

Ngaba ukhe wazama yalugudla namanzi? Nkqu elebhu ukuphumeza oku kunzima kakhulu. Le impahla amanzi kuyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe imilo kunye nolwakhiwo kwiseli nganye.

Khumbula ngonaphakade: ubomi akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwamanzi. Siziva lunxaniwe xa umzimba ulahlekelwa malunga ne-3 amanzi%, kwaye ukulahlekelwa-20%, iiseli kufa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, abantu kakhulu. Gcina Libhale ukuba angakanani na amanzi asele.