Imisebenzi kunye uxilongo zokufundisa ezisisiseko

Zonke iintlobo zemisebenzi yokufundisa enxulumene zokukhangela okungalunganga. K. D. Ushinsky ingqalelo ukuba yinxalenye yomsebenzi zootitshala. Ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo yezemfundo, utitshala ngokuhlalutya impumelelo kwimfundo noqeqesho. Ngoncedo kwezikim ezahlukeneyo, iimephu, iikhweshine, utitshala achonge unobangela nokuqhuba kakubi, ukukhangela iindlela nya.

Ukubaluleka loxilongo

uxilongo zokufundisa libhekisela iintlobo umsebenzi zokufundisa, kuqala kwiinto zonke, luquka ulwalamano lomfundi kunye notitshala. Ubonakala ngokohlobo yokulawula umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo, ukulungiselela iinkcukacha. Ukongeza kuxilongo zangaphakathi, iimviwo kunokwenzeka lwangaphandle eyenzelwe ukuvavanya umgangatho kunye nezakhono besikolo, umsebenzi ngobungcali lootitshala.

Iimpawu igama elithi

Ukuze ekuhlalutyeni iintlobo zovavanyo zemfundo, imiqathango yokusebenza engundoqo, sicinga iimpawu kwikota.

uxilongo zokufundisa kuquka uphando ejoliswe ekuphuculeni iindlela zemfundo noqeqesho, uphuhliso zomfundi ngamnye. Ngenxa iziphumo ezifunyenweyo kwi sifundo, ungafumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga uninzi lobungcali lootitshala esikolweni.

Iindlela ezisetyenziswayo kwinkqubo loxilongo, iimpawu ubudala kuvumelana abafundi.

zomculo

Educational Uxilongo isekelwe phezu algorithm okhethekileyo, ziqulunqwe ngamagqirha, iisayikholojisti kunye nootitshala. Okwangoku, kukho utshintsho kancinane kwinkqubo yemfundo Russian ukusuka uqeqesho classical kuseko ubuntu ephuhliswe kakuhle lo mntwana.

Ezi utshintshwano pedagogy yesizwe bacebisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha ekuhlalutyeni zemfundo iziphumo, leba, uthelekiso izibakala, fumana iindlela zokulungisa iingxaki ezichongiweyo.

nemisebenzi esisiseko

diagnosis zokufundisa kukuchonga nengxelo kwiinkqubo zemfundo. data zokuChonga malunga umgangatho woqeqesho kunye nokufundiswa abafundi bafumana kwizigaba ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso lwabo, ukwenza uhlobo eyintloko ulwazi kongqinelwano yenkqubo zokufundisa elandelayo. Okwangoku, indlela ekhethekileyo nokuhlola imisebenzi yemfundo noqeqesho yesikolo, nto leyo oluqulunqwe simo ngamaziko emfundo engcono. Iindidi eziphambili kuxilongo zokufundisa yenze imisebenzi ethile: uvavanyo, ulawulo ingxelo yenkqubo.

impendulo

Umongo lo msebenzi wenziwa ukusebenzisa data zokuxilonga malunga kwinqanaba lemfundo kwaye bekhulisa abafundi kwimisebenzi phambili zemfundo. Iingcali zengqondo, ootitshala, sokwezela uvavanyo lokuxilonga, ukuthelekisa mpumelelo kanye umntwana ngamnye kunye nobuchule bakhe, bagqiba ngomhla hetiseka yomsebenzi, ukukhangela iindlela ukutshintsha imeko.

Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo wovavanyo yemfundo mihla ukudala iimeko ootitshala kunye nabafundi iziphumo zenkqubo yemfundo noqeqesho, ngendlela ngexesha ukwenza ukulungiswa.

estimator

Zonke iintlobo zovavanyo zemfundo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yovavanyo. uvavanyo Complex kunye olubanzi ni izinto ezininzi:

• nezokulawula sokulungisa;
• ixabiso-ogxile;
• yemilinganiselo;
• mngeni.

Ngenxa kuhlalutyo ixabiso ebomini natyetyiswa ukumelwa umfundi bona, abanye abantu. Xa abafundi ithuba lokuba ukuthelekisa umsebenzi wakhe, yokuziphatha iimpawu zabo, ubuhle kunye neemfuno ukuba zibekwa phambili kuluntu mihla.

Ngenxa yovavanyo zokufundisa kunokwenzeka ukuba bathelekise izenzo zabo nezithethe, ukuphuhlisa umgca wokuZiphatha wazo, ukuseka ubudlelwane kunye nabanye abantu.

Emva wokufezekisa uvavanyo umfundi naxanasi kukuphuhlisa iimpawu ezintle, umfundi izama bahlukane lobubi babo. Leyo yokulinganisa, uvavanyo yemfundo iparameter kwanokuvuselela umfundi kwimfundo-self. Xa uqhuba uthelekiso lweempumelelo zabo kunye nempumelelo kunye nabanye abafana umfundi kudala imeko yabo ekuhlaleni.

umsebenzi wezolawulo

Ukuqwalasela imisebenzi esisiseko kunye iindidi zovavanyo zemfundo, siphawula kunye nolawulo factor. Lo msebenzi linxulunyaniswa uhlahlelo uphuhliso ubuntu komntwana, waba kubahlali besikolo. Kukho ezahlukeneyo ezintathu kokuxilongwa zezi: ekuqaleni, ngoku, yokugqibela.

Uxilongo lokuqala ezinxulumene eklasini liqela locwangciso, nolawulo. Phambi kokuba utitshala uza kuqinisekisa imisebenzi zemfundo eziya kwenziwa kwikota okanye kwisiqingatha sonyaka-, oko elivavanya umgangatho kwiiwadi zizalele nakuzo.

isifundo sokuhlola class adibeneyo

Iindidi eziphambili kuxilongo zentlalo zokufundisa enxulumene Iqela elifundayo, unokuba kweentlobo ezintathu. Inguqulelo yokuqala isifundo ukuba iqela iklasi entsha into engaqhelekanga kutitshala. Uxilongo yesibini eklasini apho utitshala ekuqaleni nje umsebenzi yezemfundo. Le ndlela yesithathu esilungiselelwe ekuhlalutyeni eklasini, eyaziwa kakuhle kutitshala.

Xa omaziyo lokuqala kunye nabafundi eklasini intloko nge isigulo lokuqala lwenzeka abafundi ezibanzi isifundo. Okulandelayo, utitshala ayihlalutyi umfundi ngamnye Maturity collective eklasini. Ngelo kwisigaba sesithathu utitshala zohlalutyo uqhuba uxilongo uyakhetha, ngokuhlalutya impumelelo ngamnye besikolo, ukusebenza collective eklasini.

Iziphumo zophando lwemfundo

Iinxa zonke, ukuphelela kwingcaciso efunyenwe kwisigaba sokuqala nesesibini, lwenza ukuba utitshala ukucwangcisa umsebenzi wokufundisa, uphuhliso lwesikolo kakhulu esifanelekileyo.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kuxilongo zokufundisa. Ezi mvavanyo ukuba ifuthe ixhomekeke iimpawu kwiklasi nemibutho yabasebenzi, abafundi ngamnye.

Yokulungisa uxilongo (current) lwenziwa kwinkqubo bengamaqela eeklasi umsebenzi. Oko kunika utitshala ithuba ingqalelo iinguqu eziye ukukhanya kwigumbi lokufundela, ukuthatha indawo kunye namalungu eqela. Ngelo xesha kuvavanywa ukuchaneka imisebenzi yezemfundo elabelwe utitshala eklasini kumanqanaba edlulileyo.

Ezi ntlobo zovavanyo engqondweni kwaye lemfundo kunceda ootitshala kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko ukuphumeza-hlengiso imisebenzi yabo, ukuba benze utshintsho methodology of imisebenzi yemfundo. Ngoncedo lukatitshala diagnosis olungiso kukhuthaza ukuzimela, ubuchule kunye nobuqu abafundi babo.

diagnosis ngoku okhonza nje uvavanyo rapid, lwenza ukuba utitshala ukuze enze izigqibo umsebenzi lulandelayo-zokufundisa.

Principles of izifundo lokuxilonga

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo uxilongo zokufundisa esekelwe kwimigaqo ethile.

ukufunda Holistic ye isenzeko zokufundisa kuquka ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule, ukusekwa ubudlelwane phakathi iimpawu kunye neempawu zelo qela ubuntu.

Zonke iintlobo kuxilongo zokufundisa epriskuli esekelwe kwi-akhawunti yeemeko zangaphandle kuphuhliso lomntu abantwana zabasakhasayo, ukuphelisa impembelelo, nefuthe elibi kwinkqubo yemfundo.

Mentor uqhuba uhlolo emininzi into efanayo zokufundisa, usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zophando ukufumana iziphumo ethembekileyo.

Indlela kuhlanganiswe kwizifundo diagnostic, ngokutsho iingcali, yeyona ndlela iphambili ezisetyenziswa pedagogy ekhaya mihla. Kuphela ndlela onjalo sithethe malunga nendlela yokufumana iziphumo njongo, uhlolo oluchanekileyo nangokuchanekileyo lobungcali lootitshala.

Indawo eyodwa pedagogy ithatha umgaqo esemagqabini. umfundi ngamnye iimpawu ezithile ngamnye, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha inkqubo yemfundo ngutitshala.

isiphelo

Amaxesha amaninzi ubudlelwane phakathi abafundi kunye notitshala weklasi umgca phezu zinto ezikhathazayo. Utitshala uyila ngokuba yena uluvo malunga umfundi ngamnye, ngokusekelwe kulwazi efunyenwe kumakholwane, abanye abafana. Ukuze ukuba umcebisi ukuba aseke nembono kwinjongo kwiiwadi zabo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lemfundo.

Kuphela ngale ndlela iza kusetyenziswa umgaqo ukungabi naxanasi, nto leyo eya kukunceda utitshala ukukhetha iingxaki zemfundo, ukuze alungise imisebenzi yabo kwezomsebenzi wobungcali ukuze ukuphumeza uphuhliso iphezulu ngamnye umntwana ngamnye, ukufumana iziphumo ezincumisayo lokuba iqela eklasini.

Umgaqo ngendlela esemagqabini kufuna sokuNgqinisisa ifekthi nganye iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukufunda umntwana (eklasini), kwakunye uthelekiso lweziphumo zophando kunye izibakala ezifunyenwe abanye ootitshala, uhlalutyo lwe data.

Le Umphandi, indima leyo isebenza utitshala weklasi, kufuneka kwakha umsebenzi wabo imbono yabo luluvo, lo ngowona indlela entle ngutitshala mihla.

Ukususela uxilongo, kwenziwa kumaziko emfundo, emfundo kwaye likwanomsebenzi wokufundisa, wena ngokulungelelanisiweyo kufuneka abonela isakhiwo imisebenzi yezemfundo.

Ekuphuhliseni indlela lokuqhuba utitshala izifundo lophando ukuguqula ezi ubuchule ibe uhlobo lwemfundo noqeqesho.

Iimpawu zomntu abantwana kunokubonwa ngexesha eqhelekileyo yoshishino, ngoko ke umsebenzi ophambili nawuphi na utitshala weklasi na ukubandakanyeka kwabafundi kwizinto ezenziwa esikolweni.

Phakathi kwiimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ezo ezenziwa ngootitshala abatsha, benamandla yesazisi analysis yomntwana a band epholile. Ukuba isifo zokufundisa ichanile yaye iphelele, kufuneka ihlole kuphela iimpawu ngamnye lomfundi, kodwa ulwalamano yayo kunye namanye amalungu yaso yeklasi.