Iminikelo enenzuzo yabanini-mpeshini ingabanikela ibhanki?

Umsebenzi wokulondolozwa nokwandisa ukugcinwa kwabo bekuye kubalulekile kubapenshini. Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokukhula kolondolozo lwabo - akunjalo lula njengoko kubonakala ngathi.

Kodwa ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlalutya iziphakamiso ezikhoyo zeendlela ezidumileyo kunye nezithandwayo zokugcina imali - iibhankithi zebhanki - unakho, nangayiphi na imeko, ufumana imali encinci kunye nezinga eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo lokutshala imali, ngaphandle kokuba nolwazi olulodwa. Ngoko, makhe sibone ukuba yiyiphi idiphozithi ezixhamlayo kubaxhasi-mali, ixabiso lentlawulo kwimali yepenshini, kwaye ngokubanzi, kufuneka ndihambe phi idiphozithi?

Indlela yokwenza idiphozithi yabanikazi bempesheni?

Kodwa kubalulekile ukufundwa kwezemali ukucacisa ibhanki efanelekileyo. Ukuze kukhuphe idiphozithi, amanye amaxwebhu ayadingeka:

- ipasipoti okanye enye idokethi yokuchonga;

- TIN kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amanye amaxwebhu afunwa yibhanki (ngaphambi kokuya kwibhankini, kukulungele ukucacisa olu luhlu kwangaphambili);

Isatifikethi somhlalaphantsi - ukuba kucetywayo ukuvula umnikelo wepension.

Kwimeko ethile, ukuba ipenshoni idluliselwa kwenye i-akhawunti, kufuneka iifaki zayo zinikezelwe. Eminye imisebenzi yokuvula idiphozithi ilula kakhulu: ukucwangciswa kweikhontrakthi kunye nokufakela kungathathi ngaphezu kweyure enye. Imfuno ezizodwa azibonelelwa ngeminikelo encedo kubantu abaphantsi kwempesheni . Ukongezelela, isizathu sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi asinandaba. Ukuba kukho isitifiketi somhlalaphantsi ezandleni , ibhanki ayinalo ilungelo lokungavumi ukuvula idiphozithi, nokuba ngaba umhlala-phantsi awuneminyaka yobudala.

Ziziphi iimeko zokwenza iiphozithi?

Ukususela kuba abafakeli-mpahla-mboleko abayilona uhlobo oluthile lwabathengi bebhanki, ngoko ke kunenjongo yokuqwalasela idizithi zebhanki ezilula kunye nezicwangciso zempesheni ezikhethekileyo.

Xa ukhetha ukunikezelwa kuncedo, kuqala kokunye kufuneka uqaphele iinkqubo ezininzi:

1. Inqanaba lomdla liphambili yipometer yiphina inxaxheba. Ukufumana inzuzo ye-deposit, kufuneka ibe phezulu kunezinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso (ngo-2014, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ku-6.5%), kunye nokubonisa oku ngakumbi, kuya kuba nenzuzo yokutyalomali imali. Iminikelo enenzuzo kakhulu yabanini-mpesheni abayihlala ivulekile kwizinga eliphezulu. Oku kufuneka kukhunjulwe xa uvula idiphozithi.

2. Inani elincinci lediphozithi. Iipensiti zepensheni, njengomthetho, zikhutshwa kwii-ruble eziliwaka (nangona kukho idiphozi kunye nomyinge ubuncinci bama-ruble ayikhulu).

3. Ukukwazi ukwenza imali kwixesha elizayo, kwaye inzala njani xa ixabiso liye landa.

4. Yenzani ukuba inzala ibandakanyeke njani. Ziyakwazi ukufakwa kwixabiso elipheleleyo legalelo kwaye liyakwandisa.

5. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuhoxisa imali ngaphandle kokuvalwa kwangaphambili kwediphozithi. Elide ixesha elide, kubaluleke kakhulu le meko iba.

6. Ukongezelela, abaphantsi kwempesheni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba igalelo linokutshaywa xa kwenzeka ukufa ngaphandle kokwenza imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo. Ngenhlanhla, iibhanki zinokukhetha.

7. Ukukwazi ukukhupha idiphozithi (ukunyusa kwayo). Inqanaba lomdla liya kunqunywa ngokwemiqathango yale diphozithi ngexesha lokuhlaziywa kwayo.

Ukongezelela, ingqalelo kufuneka inikezelwe kwibhanki ngokwayo. Ukunikezelwa kwimeko yangoku yebhanki kwilizwe lethu, umntu kufuneka aqikelele ngokuthembela ekugcinweni kwabo kumaziko amakhulu: akunakwenzeka ukuba akunakulinganiswa ukuba yiyiphi ibhanki eya kungena kwintsimi yombono. Iipasipoti ezixhasayo kubantu abafumana umhlala-phantsi zingafumaneka phantse naziphi na iziko lezemali, kufuneka ukhangele ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezinikezelwayo.

Ngesi sizathu, ukuba idiphozithi iyadingeka ukuba ivule ngaphezu kwexabiso elincinci elingafumaneka kwakhona phantsi kweprogram yomshuwalense ye-deposit (ama-ruble angamawaka asixhenxe amawaka), ngoko kukulungele ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kwiibhanki ezininzi kwaye ulwahlule imali okanye usebenzise enye yeebhanki zombuso.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwepasiti yomhlala phantsi kunye nediphozi elula?

Ngokusemthethweni, loo mrhumo ihluke kuphela ekubeni isatifikethi somhlala-phantsi kufuneka ukuba ubhalise umhlalaphantsi. Ukongezelela, kwiibhanki ezininzi kunokwenzeka ukuvula ii-deposits ezinobuncedo kubapensenti kulabo bathengi abagcina ipension yabo kwingxowa-mali yale nkxaso-mali. Kwanokuba iimeko ze-deposits elula kunye nezicwangciso zempesheni zingahluka ngokwemiqathango emibini:

- Inzala. Iipenshini zepensheni, njengomthetho, zivule kwizinga eliphezulu lomdla. Kodwa ungakulibali ukuba i-market yeenkonzo zeebhanki ibuye idiphozithi eziqhelekileyo, apho izinga liphezulu kunezo mpesheni.

- Iimeko ezimnandi malunga nokupheliswa kokuqala kwesivumelwano.

Ziziphi igalelo ezinokuthi iibhanki zinikezele kumhlalaphantsi?

Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zemali yepenshoni zifuna idizithi kunye nokukhawuleza. Iyokuqala ikulungele ukuvula ukufumana imali elula kunye nokugcinwa kwemali yenkxaso-mali, ngelixa ukugqibela kukuvumela ukuba ulondoloze kwaye ukwandise.

Ayikho yonke ibhanki inokunikezelwa ngemveliso ekhethekileyo kubantu abadala. Ngokubanzi, iimveliso ezinjalo ziyimibutho emikhulu kuphela ephuhlisa umsebenzi kunye nabathathe umhlala-phantsi, ukunikezela ngemveliso emitsha.

Ezinye iimeko zokupaka iifomethi zabasebenzi abasempesheni ayifani ngokungafaniyo naziphi na iimeko kwiifomiti ezilula:

- Imihla yokuvula ivela kwinyanga enye ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu.

Imali ingaba nayiphi na into, ngaphezu koko, imibutho ethile inokunikela ngedizithi yemali emininzi.

- Iirhafu zenzalo zivela kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya kweyeshumi elinanye, kwaye ukutshintshwa kwazo kuqhutywa rhoqo ngenyanga.

- Ukuba isivumelwano siyaqedwa phambi kweshedyuli kwaye yonke imali ihoxiswa kwi-deposit pensi, inzala iya kuchongwa ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lokunciphisa i-formula yasebhanki.

Ndiya kuphi na ukuvula umrhumo ophezulu kunenzuzo kubantu abaphantsi kwempesheni?

1. Ibhanki ye-Savings ngokuqhelekileyo izimisele kakhulu ukusebenza nabantu abaneminyaka yobudala. Ewe, azinikwe iipastimethi ezikhethekileyo kuloluhlu lwabantu, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo, kuxhomekeka kwixesha lediphozithi, banikwa inzala ephezulu.

2. I-Gazprombank inikezela iipositi kwiimfuno ezizodwa kubaxhasi bakaGazfond. Isixa sokuvulwa ngama-ruble ayikhulu, inani lesenzalo likhulu ngamaphesenti ayisithandathu, kwaye eli lixesha lisuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwisiqingatha seminyaka.

3. I-Rosselkhozbank inegalelo elikhethekileyo "iPension Plus". Inani elincinci lokubhalisa li-ruble 500, kunye nesantya-ukuya ku-8.5%, ixesha - ukususela kwiminyaka ukuya kwimibini. Kule meko, kunokwenzeka ukuhoxisa ngokukhawuleza imali, ukugcina isantya kumlinganiselo omncinci wama-ruble angama-500. Ukwandisa igalelo kumcimbi wokungaziwayo ngokuzenzekelayo.

4. Iifowuni ezifanelekileyo ezihlawulwa ngabanikazi bempesheni nazo ziyafumaneka kwi-bhanki yakwa-Eurokommerz. Kuze kube yimhla, unelinye lamaxabiso aphezulu - 10.5% kwigalelo "Ingeniso yempesheni" kunye no-10.25% kwidiphozithi "Intlawulo yepensenti". Ezi ntlawulo zivuliwe ithuba elilodwa kunye nesiqingatha ukuya kwimithathu emithathu, inani elincinci lokuvula li-ruble lamawaka amabini. Kwakhona, zombini idipozithi zinakho ukuzaliswa. Ukwahlukana kuphela phakathi kwabo kukuba iyesibini ithatha inkunzi yemali, oko kukuthi, ukwanda kwexabiso lediphozithi ngenxa yokongeza kwenzalo.

5. Ukongeza, i-Unicornbank inokuziqhayisa ngamanani aphakamileyo - ukuya kwi-10%, ubuncinane ubuncinane bokuvulwa yi-ruble eyiwaka, i-deposit yekota iya kunyaka omnye, kwaye ukuhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza kwemali akunikezelwa.

Ukongeza koku ngasentla, ezinye iibhanki zininzi zinikela ngemali ephantsi.

Isiphelo

Iipensiti zepenshini yindlela efikeleleke kakhulu yokugcina nokunyusa ukugcinwa kwexesha elifutshane okanye elide. Namhlanje, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhanki zingabonelela ngeengxowa-mali ezixhasayo. Ukukhangela nokuthelekiswa kweziphakamiso kule meko kuyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu. Nangona amanqanaba enzala namhlanje aphezulu kakhulu, akunzima nakhona ukufumana isibonelelo apho izinga liza kuba liphezulu kunexabiso lentengo, nakwiibhanki ezinkulu zaseburhulumenteni.